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Vol. 47. Issue 7.
Pages 702-710 (August - September 2024)
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Vol. 47. Issue 7.
Pages 702-710 (August - September 2024)
Original article
Relationship between histopathological findings, clinical severity and the need for surgery in patients with Crohn's disease
Relación entre los hallazgos histopatológicos, la severidad clínica y la necesidad de cirugía en pacientes con enfermedad de Crohn
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Laura Andrea Peña Mejíaa, Geraldine Victoria Ruiz Niñob,
Corresponding author
geraldine.ruizn@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Ariel Antonio Arteta Cuetoc
a Residencia de Patología, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
b Residencia de Cirugía General, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
c Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Medicina, Grupo de Investigaciones en Patología Universidad de Antioquia (GRIP-UdeA), Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
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Tables (6)
Table 1. Demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients with CD included in the study.
Table 2. Bivariate analysis: colon group N&C score (n = 34).
Table 3. Bivariate analysis: ileum group N&C score (n = 36).
Table 4. Bivariate analysis: surgery entire group (n = 44).
Table 5. Bivariate analysis: surgery vs behaviour, Montreal classification (B).
Table 6. Bivariate analysis: perianal disease.
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Abstract
Introduction

Defining histological variables that make it possible to establish the activity of Crohn’s disease (CD) and predict the patients who may present a higher risk of clinical complications and surgical interventions could lead to timely adjustments in medical therapy and elective surgeries that represent a lower risk of complications. The purpose of the study is to determine the relation between the histopathological findings using the Naini and Cortina score, the clinical severity, and the indication for surgery in a group of patients with CD.

Materials and methods

Descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study of 44 patients diagnosed with CD, treated at the San Vicente Fundación University Hospital in Medellín between 2010 and 2022.

Results

Of the 44 patients, 36 ileum samples and 34 colon samples were obtained. Of the patients with inflammatory behavior, 87.5% did not have surgical intervention (P = .022), a value that remained significant in the ileum subgroup (P = .0058). 91.3% of the patients with ileal involvement did not develop perianal disease (P = .01). Granulomas only occurred in 2 patients with a colon sample (5.8%). In the histological score of N&C both in the ileum and in the colon, no statistically significant differences were obtained in relation to the surgical outcome (P = .34 and .054), respectively.

Conclusion

The histological index of N&C was not a predictor in Crohn’s disease (CD) related to the surgical outcome.

Keywords:
Crohn’s disease
Inflammatory bowel disease
Surgery
Naini and Cortina
Perianal disease
Resumen
Introducción

Definir variables histológicas que permitan establecer la actividad de la enfermedad de Crohn (EC) y predecir los pacientes que presentan mayor riesgo de complicación clínica e intervención quirúrgica podría direccionar hacia ajustes oportunos en la terapia médica y cirugías programadas que representen menor riesgo de complicaciones. El propósito del estudio es determinar la relación entre los hallazgos histopatológicos utilizando el puntaje de Naini y Cortina, la severidad clínica y la indicación de cirugía en un grupo de pacientes con EC.

Materiales y métodos

Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, transversal de 44 pacientes con diagnóstico de EC, atendidos en el Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación de Medellín entre los años 2010 y 2022.

Resultados

De los 44 pacientes se obtuvieron 36 muestras de íleon y 34 muestras de colon. De los pacientes con comportamiento inflamatorio, 87,5% no tuvo intervención quirúrgica (P = .022), valor que se mantuvo significativo en el subgrupo de íleon (P = ,0058). El 91,3% de los pacientes con compromiso ileal no desarrolló enfermedad perianal (P = ,01). Los granulomas solo se presentaron en 2 pacientes con muestra de colon (5,8%). En el puntaje histológico de N&C tanto en íleon como en colon, no se obtuvieron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en relación con el desenlace quirúrgico (P = .34 y .054) respectivamente.

Conclusión

El índice histológico de N&C no es un predictor en la Enfermedad de Crohn que se relacione con el desenlace quirúrgico.

Palabras clave:
Enfermedad de Crohn
Enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal
Cirugía
Naini y Cortina
Enfermedad perianal

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