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Vol. 13. Issue 4.
Pages 283-292 (December 2009)
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Vol. 13. Issue 4.
Pages 283-292 (December 2009)
Open Access
Alteraciones metabólicas con terapia antirretroviral altamente efectiva en niños positivos para VIH, Cali, Colombia
Metabolic alterations with anti-retroviral highly effective therapy in positive children for VIH, Cali, Colombia
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Pío López1,2,4,
Corresponding author
piolo@emcali.net.co

Infectólogo pediatra, Departamento de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario del Valle, Cali, Colombia.
, Yolanda Caicedo1,2,4, Luisa Consuelo Rubiano5, Carlos Alberto Cortés1,2,3, Ángelo Valencia2, Óscar Ramírez3, Alexandra Sierra1,2,3,4, Lina María Echeverri4
1 Departamento de Pediatría, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
2 Centro de Estudios en Infectología Pediátrica, Cali, Colombia
3 Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia
4 Clínica VIH Pediátrico, Hospital Universitario del Valle, Cali, Colombia
5 Centro Internacional de Entrenamiento e Investigaciones Médicas, CIDEIM, Cali, Colombia
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Resumen
Objetivos

describir las alteraciones metabólicas en niños con diagnóstico de VIH y en tratamiento con terapia antirretroviral altamente efectiva (Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy, HAART).

Métodos

se realizó una primera fase descriptiva de los valores de lípidos y glucemia en una cohorte de niños positivos para VIH. De una clínica pediátrica se reclutaron, entre junio de 2003 y junio de 2005, niños mayores de un mes y menores de 16 años en terapia HAART. Estos resultados se compararon con valores de la población. En una segunda fase, se estudió la densidad ósea en estos niños, utilizando DEXA (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry) y antropometría, y se comparó la de controles sanos.

Resultados

se incluyeron 38 niños positivos para VIH. En 59,5% de los niños se clasificaron con displidemia. Al compararlo con la población de referencia, el grupo positivo para VIH presentó una prevalencia mayor de hipertrigliceridemia y HDLc (highdensity lipoprotein) anormalmente bajo. Tomando en cuenta la variación por edad, los valores de colesterol total y LDLc (lowdensity lipoprotein), mostraron un aumento en el grupo que recibía inhibidores de proteasa (IP) contra el que no. La diferencia del puntaje Z de BMD (bone mineral density) entre los grupos fue de 0,56 (IC95%: 0,1- 1,0), teniendo un menor puntaje Z el grupo positivo para VIH. El puntaje Z de la densidad de masa ósea mostró un declive con el tiempo de exposición, que no fue evidente en el grupo control.

Conclusiones

encontramos alteraciones en los lípidos similares a las descritas en el adulto seropositivo. En el grupo con IP se encontraron alteraciones del colesterol que cambiaban según la edad. Se encontró una pérdida de la densidad ósea, progresiva con el tiempo de exposición e independiente de la edad. Consideramos que esta relación podría ser de origen multifactorial, incluyendo los efectos de la infección y del tratamiento.

Summary
Objectives

our goal is to describe metabolic alterations in children with HIV and under highly effective anti-retroviral treatment (HAART).

Methodology

a first descriptive phase of lipid levels and glucemia was carried out in a cohort of HIV positive children. In a paediatric hospital, children >1 month and <16 years old under HAART were recruited from June, 2003 to June, 2005. The results were compared to population values. During the second phase, bone density was studied in these children using DEXA and anthropometric values and compared to healthy control subjects.

Results

thirty eight positive children were included. 59.5% of the children were classified as having dyslipidemia. Upon comparison to the reference population, the HIV(+) group showed larger hypertrigliceridemia prevalence and abnormally low cHDL. Taking into account age variations, total colesterol values and cLDL showed increase in the group that received PI against those that did not. The difference of the BMD Z-Score among the groups was 0,56 (CI95%: 0.1, 1.0), the HIV(+) group having a smaller Z-Score. The bone mass density Z-Score showed a decline according exposition time, which was not evident in the control group.

Conclusions

alterations in lipids similar to those described in the seropositive adult were found. The group with PI showed cholesterol alterations that changed according to age. Progressive bone density loss according to exposition time was found regardless of age. It is considered that this relationship could have multifactorial origin, including infection and treatment effects.

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Copyright © 2009. Asociación Colombiana de Infectología (ACIN)
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