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Vol. 13. Issue 4.
Pages 246-253 (December 2009)
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Vol. 13. Issue 4.
Pages 246-253 (December 2009)
Open Access
Células dendríticas y linfocitos T reguladores naturales en pacientes con enfermedad crónica de Chagas
Dendritic cells and natural regulatory T lymphocytes in chronic chagasic patients
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Paola Lasso1, Adriana Cuéllar2, Fernando Rosas3, Víctor Velasco3, Concepción Puerta1,
Corresponding author
cpuerta@javeriana.edu.co

Carrera 7a N° 43-82, oficina 608, edificio Carlos Ortiz, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia.
1 Laboratorio de Parasitología Molecular, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia
2 Grupo de Inmunobiología y Biología Celular, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia
3 Fundación Clínica Abood Shaio, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia
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Resumen

Dada la cronicidad y persistencia del parásito Trypanosoma cruzi en la enfermedad de Chagas, el control homeostático de la respuesta inmunitaria para prevenir el daño tisular y limitar la duración del proceso inflamatorio involucra células con potencial regulador como las células dendríticas y los linfocitos T reguladores. Es por tal motivo que el objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la proporción de células dendríticas totales, subpoblaciones de células dendríticas mieloides y plasmacitoides y los linfocitos T reguladores naturales en pacientes con enfermedad de Chagas y controles sanos.

Las células mononucleares de sangre periférica de 18 pacientes con enfermedad crónica de Chagas y 16 controles sanos se sometieron a marcación para células dendríticas mieloides Lin- HLA-DR+ CD11c+, CD plasmacitoides Lin- HLA-DR+ CD123+ y linfocitos T reguladores naturales CD3+ CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ CD127bajo. Las proporciones celulares se calcularon mediante el porcentaje obtenido por citometría de flujo.

Se encontró que la proporción de células dendríticas plasmacitoides es menor que la de las mieloides, tanto en pacientes con enfermedad crónica de Chagas como en controles sanos, sin diferencias significativas entre ambos grupos. En contraste, se encontró una proporción significativamente mayor de linfocitos T reguladores naturales en los pacientes con enfermedad de Chagas al comparar con los controles sanos. En conclusión, la mayor proporción de linfocitos T reguladores naturales en pacientes con enfermedad crónica de Chagas sugiere que estas células pueden estar contribuyendo en la patogénesis de la enfermedad.

Palabras clave:
enfermedad de Chagas
Trypanosoma cruzi
células dendríticas
linfocitos T reguladores
Abstract

Given the chronicity and persistence of the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi in the Chagas disease victims, the homeostatic control of immune response to prevent tissue damage and limit the duration of the inflammatory process involves cells with regulatory potential as dendritic cells (DC) and regulatory T cells. For this reason, the objective of this study is to evaluate the proportion of total DC, myeloid and plasmacytoid DC subpopulations and natural regulatory T cells in chronic chagasic patients and healthy control subjects. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 18 chronic chagasic patients and 16 healthy control subjects were staining to myeloid DC Lin- HLA-DR+ CD11c+, plasmacytoid DC Lin-, HLA-DR+, CD123+ and natural regulatory T lymphocytes CD3+ CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ CD127low. Cellular proportions were calculated using the percentage obtained by flow cytometry. It was found that plasmacytoid CD proportion was lower than myeloid CD in both, chronic chagasic patients and healthy control subjects, without significant differences between the two groups. On the contrary, it was found that the proportion of natural regulatory T cells was significantly higher in chronic chagasic patients than in healthy control subjects upon comparing the two. These results suggest that the higher proportion of natural regulatory T cells in chronic chagasic patients might contribute to the disease pathogenesis.

Key words:
Chagas disease
Trypanosoma cruzi
dendritic cells
regulatory T lymphocytes
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Copyright © 2009. Asociación Colombiana de Infectología (ACIN)
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