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Vol. 39. Issue 3.
Pages 147-154 (May - June 2024)
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Vol. 39. Issue 3.
Pages 147-154 (May - June 2024)
Original article
Effect on hospital incentive payments and quality performance of a hospital pay for performance (P4P) programme in Belgium
Efecto sobre los incentivos hospitalarios y los resultados de calidad de un programa hospitalario de remuneración por resultados (P4P) en Bélgica
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J. Brouwersa,b,
Corresponding author
jonas.brouwers@kuleuven.be

Corresponding author.
, D. Seysa, F. Claessensa, A. Van Wildera, L. Bruyneela, D. De Riddera,c, K. Eecklood, K. Vanhaechta,c
a Leuven Institute for Healthcare Policy, KU Leuven – University of Leuven, Belgium
b Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium
c Department of Quality Management, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium
d Department of Public Health and Primary Care, UGent & Strategic Policy Unit, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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Table 1. overview of indicators and budget per P4P programme.
Abstract
Background

Belgium initiated a hospital pay for performance (P4P) programme after a decade of fixed bonus budgets for “quality and safety contracts”. This study examined the effect of P4P on hospital incentive payments, performance on quality measures, and the association between changes in quality performance and incentive payments over time.

Methods

The Belgian government provided information on fixed bonus budgets in 2013–2017 and hospital incentive payments as well as hospital performance on quality measures for the P4P programmes in 2018–2020. Descriptive analyses were conducted to map the financial repercussion between the two systems. A difference-in-difference analysis evaluated the association between quality indicator performance and received incentive payments over time.

Results

Data from 87 acute-care hospitals were analyzed. In the transition to a P4P programme, 29% of hospitals received lower incentive payments per bed. During the P4P years, quality performance scores increased yearly for 55% of hospitals and decreased yearly for 5% of hospitals. There was a significant larger drop in incentive payments for hospitals that scored above median with the start of the P4P programme.

Conclusions

The transition from fixed bonus budgets for quality efforts to a new incentive payment in a P4P programme has led to more hospitals being financially impacted, although the effect is marginal given the small P4P budget. Quality indicators seem to improve over the years, but this does not correlate with an increase in reward per bed for all hospitals due to the closed nature of the budget.

Keywords:
Pay for performance
Hospital
Quality of care
Health policy
Cost
Resumen
Introducción

Bélgica puso en marcha un programa de pago por rendimiento (P4P) en los hospitales tras una década de presupuestos fijos de bonificación por «contratos de calidad y seguridad». Este estudio examinó el efecto del P4P en los pagos de incentivos de los hospitales, el rendimiento en las medidas de calidad y la asociación entre los cambios en el rendimiento de la calidad y los pagos de incentivos a lo largo del tiempo.

Métodos

El gobierno belga proporcionó información sobre los presupuestos de bonificación fija en 2013-2017 y los pagos de incentivos hospitalarios, así como el rendimiento de los hospitales en las medidas de calidad para los programas P4P en 2018-2020. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos para mapear la repercusión financiera entre los dos sistemas. Un análisis de diferencia en diferencia evaluó la asociación entre el rendimiento de los indicadores de calidad y los pagos de incentivos recibidos a lo largo del tiempo.

Resultados

Se analizaron los datos de 87 hospitales de agudos. En la transición a un programa P4P, el 29% de los hospitales recibieron menos pagos de incentivos por cama. Durante los años de P4P, las puntuaciones de rendimiento de calidad aumentaron anualmente para el 55% de los hospitales y disminuyeron anualmente para el 5% de ellos. Hubo un descenso significativamente mayor en los pagos de incentivos para los hospitales que puntuaron por encima de la media con el inicio del programa P4P.

Conclusiones

La transición de los presupuestos fijos de bonificación por esfuerzos de calidad a un nuevo pago de incentivos en un programa P4P ha hecho que más hospitales se vean afectados financieramente, aunque el efecto es marginal dado el pequeño presupuesto del P4P. Los indicadores de calidad parecen mejorar a lo largo de los años, pero esto no se correlaciona con un aumento de la recompensa por cama para todos los hospitales debido a la naturaleza cerrada del presupuesto.

Palabras clave:
Pago por resultados
Hospital
Calidad de la atención
Política sanitaria
Costes

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