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Original Article
Available online 14 November 2024
Informational and educational needs of caregivers of neurologic inpatients in rehabilitation treatment: A qualitative exploratory study
Necesidades informativas y educativas de cuidadores de pacientes neurológicos internados en tratamiento de rehabilitación: un estudio exploratorio cualitativo
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M. Ottonelloa,
Corresponding author
, C. Pistarinib, S. Ruvoloc, S. Costad, V. Navarrac, C. Muriannie, E. Cristallof, S. Maielloc, M.R. Trittoe, M.G. Pagliarulog, M.R. Maneraa
a Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Psychology Unit, Pavia Institute, Pavia, Italy
b Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Department of Neurorehabilitation, Pavia Institute, Pavia, Italy
c Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Neurorehabilitation and Neuromotor Rehabilitation, Sciacca-Ribera Institute, Sciacca-Ribera, Italy
d Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Nervi Institute, Genova, Italy
e Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Department of Neurorehabilitation, Bari Institute, Bari, Italy
f Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Healthcare Management, Bari Institute, Bari, Italy
g Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Department of Neurorehabilitation, Telese Institute, Telese, Benevento, Italy
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Tables (5)
Table 1. Socio-demographic characteristics of caregivers.
Table 2. Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of patients.
Table 3. Subthemes and example of caregivers’ information needs statements for main theme education.
Table 4. Example of caregivers’ information needs statements for main themes: hospital care organization, legal and social care management, emotional or psychological support.
Box 1. Focus group schedule.
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Abstract
Introduction

The aim of the present study was to identify information and educational needs of neurological inpatients during residential rehabilitation from the caregivers’ perspective. On top of that, it was important to acknowledge the conceptual framework underlying the complexity of needs, for the development in future research of an early identification of caregiver's information needs assessment tool. This preliminary study will allow to define the dimensions on which to measure caregiver needs and the quality of care provided to the patients and their families.

Material and methods

Focus groups of family caregivers of inpatients admitted to the Neurorehabilitation Units by the ICS Maugeri Institutes were conducted to explore the caregivers needs. All focus groups were tape-recorded and contemporaneous notes made. The tapes were transcribed and thematic analysis was used to develop categories of needs. To ensure consistency between groups, a semi-structured schedule was used to guide the focus groups.

Results

In the analysis of the statements extracted from the transcripts we defined five main themes of information needs expressed from caregivers: education, hospital care organization, legal and social care management and emotional or psychological support.

Conclusion

The results provided the identification of the domains essential for the development of a questionnaire that measures the complexity of the caregiver's information needs during residential rehabilitation. The caregivers’ statements expressed in the focus groups allowed to identify five main kinds of needs. Moreover, some suggestions and ideas to improve the information and education materials to satisfy these needs emerged from caregivers and health professionals during team meetings.

Keywords:
Qualitative research
Caregiver education
Rehabilitation care
Caregiver needs
Quality research in rehabilitation
Focus group discussion
Resumen
Antecedentes y objetivo

El objetivo del presente estudio fue identificar las necesidades de información y educación desde la perspectiva de los cuidadores de pacientes neurológicos hospitalizados durante la rehabilitación residencial. Además, fue importante reconocer el marco conceptual que subyace a la complejidad de las necesidades, para el desarrollo en futuras investigaciones de una herramienta de identificación temprana de las necesidades de información de los cuidadores. Este estudio preliminar permitirá definir las dimensiones sobre las que medir las necesidades de los cuidadores y la calidad de la atención brindada a los pacientes y sus familias.

Material y métodos

Se realizaron grupos focales de cuidadores familiares de pacientes hospitalizados admitidos en las Unidades de Neurorrehabilitación de los Institutos ICS Maugeri para explorar las necesidades de los cuidadores. Todos los grupos focales fueron grabados, y se tomaron notas contemporáneas. Las cintas fueron transcritas y se utilizó un análisis temático para desarrollar categorías de necesidades. Para garantizar la coherencia entre los grupos, se utilizó un cronograma semiestructurado para guiar los grupos focales.

Resultados

En el análisis de las declaraciones extraídas de las transcripciones definimos cinco temas principales de las necesidades de información expresadas por los cuidadores: educación, organización de la atención hospitalaria, gestión de la atención legal y social y apoyo emocional o psicológico.

Conclusión

Los resultados permitieron identificar los dominios esenciales para el desarrollo de un cuestionario que mida la complejidad de las necesidades de información de los cuidadores durante la rehabilitación residencial. Las declaraciones de los cuidadores expresadas en los grupos focales nos permiten identificar cinco tipos principales de necesidades. Además, durante las reuniones del equipo surgieron algunas sugerencias e ideas de los cuidadores y profesionales de la salud para mejorar la información y los materiales de capacitación para satisfacer estas necesidades.

Palabras clave:
Investigación cualitativa
Educación para cuidadores
Atención de rehabilitación
Necesidades del cuidador
Investigación de calidad en rehabilitación
Discusión de grupo focal

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