metricas
covid
Buscar en
Journal of Innovation & Knowledge
Toda la web
Inicio Journal of Innovation & Knowledge Business environment distance and innovation performance of EMNEs: The mediating...
Journal Information

Statistics

Follow this link to access the full text of the article

Business environment distance and innovation performance of EMNEs: The mediating effect of R&D internationalization
Xiaoyang Zhaoa, Changjun Yib, Yun Zhanc,
Corresponding author
953185016@qq.com

Corresponding author.
, Minmin Guod
a School of Business Administration, Huaqiao University, 269., Fengze Dist., Quanzhou 362021, China
b School of Business Administration, Huaqiao University, 269., Fengzhe Dist., Quanzhou 362021, China
c School of Economics, Jinan University, 601., Huangpu West Avenue., Guangzhou 510632, China
d School of Business Administration, Huaqiao University, 269., Fengze Dist., Quanzhou 362021, China
Read
949
Times
was read the article
257
Total PDF
692
Total HTML
Share statistics
 array:24 [
  "pii" => "S2444569X22000774"
  "issn" => "2444569X"
  "doi" => "10.1016/j.jik.2022.100241"
  "estado" => "S300"
  "fechaPublicacion" => "2022-10-01"
  "aid" => "100241"
  "copyright" => "The Authors"
  "copyrightAnyo" => "2022"
  "documento" => "article"
  "crossmark" => 1
  "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/"
  "subdocumento" => "fla"
  "cita" => "Journal of Innovation and Knowledge 7 (2022) "
  "abierto" => array:3 [
    "ES" => true
    "ES2" => true
    "LATM" => true
  ]
  "gratuito" => true
  "lecturas" => array:1 [
    "total" => 0
  ]
  "itemSiguiente" => array:19 [
    "pii" => "S2444569X22000798"
    "issn" => "2444569X"
    "doi" => "10.1016/j.jik.2022.100243"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2022-10-01"
    "aid" => "100243"
    "copyright" => "The Author(s)"
    "documento" => "article"
    "crossmark" => 1
    "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/"
    "subdocumento" => "fla"
    "cita" => "Journal of Innovation and Knowledge 7 (2022) "
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => true
      "ES2" => true
      "LATM" => true
    ]
    "gratuito" => true
    "lecturas" => array:1 [
      "total" => 0
    ]
    "en" => array:9 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "titulo" => "Sustainable business model innovation: Scale development, validation and proof of performance"
      "tienePdf" => "en"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en"
      "tieneResumen" => "en"
      "contieneResumen" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "Makhmoor Bashir, Abdulaziz Alfalih, Sudeepta Pradhan"
          "autores" => array:3 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Makhmoor"
              "apellidos" => "Bashir"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Abdulaziz"
              "apellidos" => "Alfalih"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Sudeepta"
              "apellidos" => "Pradhan"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2444569X22000798?idApp=UINPBA00004N"
    "url" => "/2444569X/0000000700000004/v4_202212251537/S2444569X22000798/v4_202212251537/en/main.assets"
  ]
  "itemAnterior" => array:19 [
    "pii" => "S2444569X22000786"
    "issn" => "2444569X"
    "doi" => "10.1016/j.jik.2022.100242"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2022-10-01"
    "aid" => "100242"
    "copyright" => "The Authors"
    "documento" => "article"
    "crossmark" => 1
    "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/"
    "subdocumento" => "fla"
    "cita" => "Journal of Innovation and Knowledge 7 (2022) "
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => true
      "ES2" => true
      "LATM" => true
    ]
    "gratuito" => true
    "lecturas" => array:1 [
      "total" => 0
    ]
    "en" => array:10 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "titulo" => "Why would telecom customers continue to use mobile value-added services?"
      "tienePdf" => "en"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en"
      "tieneResumen" => "en"
      "contieneResumen" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [
        "original" => 0
        "multimedia" => array:8 [
          "identificador" => "fig0001"
          "etiqueta" => "Fig. 1"
          "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
          "mostrarFloat" => true
          "mostrarDisplay" => false
          "figura" => array:1 [
            0 => array:4 [
              "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg"
              "Alto" => 1616
              "Ancho" => 2776
              "Tamanyo" => 280646
            ]
          ]
          "detalles" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "alt0001"
              "detalle" => "Fig "
              "rol" => "short"
            ]
          ]
          "descripcion" => array:1 [
            "en" => "<p id="spara001" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The study model &#40;Adapted after <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0004">Al-Debei &#38; Al-Lozi&#44; 2014</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0034">Kim et al&#46;&#44; 2007</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0039">Kuo et al&#46;&#44; 2009</a>&#41;&#46;</p>"
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "Mutaz M&#46; Al-Debei, Yogesh K&#46; Dwivedi, Omar Hujran"
          "autores" => array:3 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Mutaz M&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Al-Debei"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Yogesh K&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Dwivedi"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Omar"
              "apellidos" => "Hujran"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2444569X22000786?idApp=UINPBA00004N"
    "url" => "/2444569X/0000000700000004/v4_202212251537/S2444569X22000786/v4_202212251537/en/main.assets"
  ]
  "en" => array:17 [
    "idiomaDefecto" => true
    "titulo" => "Business environment distance and innovation performance of EMNEs&#58; The mediating effect of R&#38;D internationalization"
    "tieneTextoCompleto" => true
    "autores" => array:1 [
      0 => array:4 [
        "autoresLista" => "Xiaoyang Zhao, Changjun Yi, Yun Zhan, Minmin Guo"
        "autores" => array:4 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Xiaoyang"
            "apellidos" => "Zhao"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0001"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          1 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Changjun"
            "apellidos" => "Yi"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0002"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          2 => array:4 [
            "nombre" => "Yun"
            "apellidos" => "Zhan"
            "email" => array:1 [
              0 => "953185016@qq.com"
            ]
            "referencia" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0003"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span>"
                "identificador" => "cor0001"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          3 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Minmin"
            "apellidos" => "Guo"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0004"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "afiliaciones" => array:4 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "School of Business Administration&#44; Huaqiao University&#44; 269&#46;&#44; Fengze Dist&#46;&#44; Quanzhou 362021&#44; China"
            "etiqueta" => "a"
            "identificador" => "aff0001"
          ]
          1 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "School of Business Administration&#44; Huaqiao University&#44; 269&#46;&#44; Fengzhe Dist&#46;&#44; Quanzhou 362021&#44; China"
            "etiqueta" => "b"
            "identificador" => "aff0002"
          ]
          2 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "School of Economics&#44; Jinan University&#44; 601&#46;&#44; Huangpu West Avenue&#46;&#44; Guangzhou 510632&#44; China"
            "etiqueta" => "c"
            "identificador" => "aff0003"
          ]
          3 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "School of Business Administration&#44; Huaqiao University&#44; 269&#46;&#44; Fengze Dist&#46;&#44; Quanzhou 362021&#44; China"
            "etiqueta" => "d"
            "identificador" => "aff0004"
          ]
        ]
        "correspondencia" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "cor0001"
            "etiqueta" => "&#8270;"
            "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author&#46;"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [
      "original" => 0
      "multimedia" => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "fig0001"
        "etiqueta" => "Fig&#46; 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 1263
            "Ancho" => 2878
            "Tamanyo" => 165214
          ]
        ]
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "alt0001"
            "detalle" => "Fig "
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spara001" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Research framework&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0001" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0003">Introduction</span><p id="para0001" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The relationship between sustainable environment and international innovation behavior of multinational enterprises &#40;MNEs&#41; has long been a center of academic attention in the international business &#40;IB&#41; literature&#46; The current research believes that outward foreign direct investment &#40;OFDI&#41; can provide a high-quality platform for MNEs to learn advanced knowledge and experience&#44; which can improve their sustainable innovation and development capabilities&#46; For instance&#44; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0029">Kogut &#38; Chang &#40;1991&#41;</a> analyze the industry-level data on Japan&#39;s direct investment in the United States from 1976 to 1987 and discover that OFDI positively affects the technological capabilities of the home country&#46; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050">Potterie &#38; Lichtenberg &#40;2001&#41;</a> analyze data on research and development &#40;R&#38;D&#41; capital stocks in 13 developed countries and find that cross-company OFDI has a significant effect on the productivity of the source country of investment&#46; It is not difficult to find that the previous literature on the international innovation performance of MNEs mainly focuses on developed countries&#46; However&#44; the research on the international innovation mechanism of emerging market multinational enterprises &#40;EMNEs&#41; has not attracted enough attention&#46; In fact&#44; compared with the characteristics of OFDI by developed country&#44; the path of EMNEs to improve the technological innovation level of their home country companies through OFDI is unique&#46; EMNEs engage in OFDI primarily to gain advanced technical experience and management models &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0006">Chen et al&#46;&#44; 2013</a>&#41;&#46; They establish overseas subsidiaries to obtain high-quality technical resources and senior talent from host countries&#44; which leads to positive reverse spillover effects&#46; This also shows that the traditional international business theory focused on developed countries is not fully applicable to emerging markets &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0049">Piperopoulos et al&#46;&#44; 2018</a>&#41;&#46; The phenomenon of EMNEs&#8217; international expansion and business behavior are not predicted by traditional views of international business in academia&#46; Therefore&#44; this study takes Chinese MNEs as the research sample&#44; which provides a certain reference for explaining the sustainable innovation performance of EMNEs&#46;</p><p id="para0002" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The business environment is regarded as an important factor affecting the sustainable development of MNEs in the field of international business&#46; The OFDI of MNEs is related to the institution&#44; economy&#44; and culture of their host countries&#46; At the macro-environmental level&#44; the business environment is directly and closely linked to the life cycle of an enterprise and is a macroscopic representation of a country&#39;s institution&#44; economy&#44; and culture&#46; The business environment covers the procedures and rules of a company from its establishment to its bankruptcy&#46; High-quality business environments in host countries significantly and positively affect domestic economic growth &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0014">Djankov et al&#46;&#44; 2006</a>&#41;&#44; the expansion of the scale of imports &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0011">Cui et al&#46;&#44; 2022</a>&#41;&#44; and the attraction of high-quality FDI &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0064">Borojo &#38; Yushi&#44; 2020</a>&#41;&#46; Most studies focus on a single dimension of factors in a host country&#39;s macro environment that influence OFDI &#40;e&#46;g&#46;&#44; institution&#44; culture&#44; or geography&#41;&#46; Few scholars conduct systematic research on the effect of business environment distance on MNEs&#8217; innovation performance&#46; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0001">Ahlquist &#38; Prakash &#40;2010&#41;</a> report that FDI inflows are positively correlated with lower contract costs for countries&#46; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0026">Jayasuriya &#40;2011&#41;</a> indicates that the sensitivity of FDI to the business environment of heterogeneous countries may differ by country&#46; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010">Corcoran &#38; Gillanders &#40;2015&#41;</a> employ the ease of doing business index developed by the World Bank to measure the cost of operating a company in a certain country&#46; They determine that convenient business environments positively affect the attraction of FDI&#44; but this is only significant for middle-income countries&#46; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0017">Giannetti &#38; Rubera &#40;2020&#41;</a> indicate the impact of different internationalization strategies on innovation performance is different&#46; Therefore&#44; MNEs should propose optimization strategies according to the portfolio of different internationalization paths &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015">Elia et al&#46;&#44; 2020</a>&#41;&#46; However&#44; the current literature mainly focuses on the single-level effects of institutions&#44; culture&#44; and geography on firms&#8217; OFDI&#46; It is not sufficient to explain the reasons for the sustainable development of MNEs from a certain dimension of the business environment&#46; EMNEs emerge from their home country&#39;s institutional context and operate in the host country&#39;s institutional context&#46; Both business environments independently and conjointly shape the EMNEs&#8217; capabilities for and strategies of internationalization&#44; and influence their corporate and subsidiary performance &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0009">Chidlow et al&#46;&#44; 2021</a>&#41;&#46; From a theoretical perspective&#44; while different streams of research have shed light on the impact of home or host country environmental factors on firm innovation&#44; the existing literature only discusses the impact of the business environment on the sustainable development and innovation of MNEs from a single perspective of the home country or host country&#44; the impact of the business environment difference between the two countries on the investment and financing decisions of MNEs is not yet clear&#46; Although some scholars suggest that the difference in the business environment of the home country and the host country is an important factor when enterprises consider the location of OFDI &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0051">Qian et al&#46;&#44; 2022</a>&#41;&#46; However&#44; these studies only emphasize the macro-national level&#44; and there are very few studies on the micro-firm level&#46; Therefore&#44; we focus on the impact mechanism of the business environment distance between the two countries on the innovation performance of MNEs&#46; Business environment distance is defined as the difference in the institutional and economic conditions between a home and host country&#46; This study performs a systematic analysis of the relationship between the business environment distance and innovation performance of Chinese MNEs&#46;</p><p id="para0003" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Moreover&#44; a large number of MNEs participate in global competition by establishing overseas R&#38;D subsidiaries and developing R&#38;D alliances with international partners&#46; Such firms prioritize the internationalization of their R&#38;D &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0012">Davis &#38; Meyer&#44; 2004</a>&#41;&#46; In developed countries&#44; overseas R&#38;D has become a mature strategic system&#44; whereas EMNEs remain in the preliminary stage&#46; The literature on R&#38;D internationalization focuses on various issues&#44; including geographic dispersion&#44; developmental modes &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0053">Sanna-Randaccio &#38; Veugelers&#44; 2007</a>&#41;&#44; technology-driven motivation&#44; overseas R&#38;D &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040">Luo &#38; Tung&#44; 2007</a>&#41;&#44; and outcomes &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0008">Chen et al&#46;&#44; 2012</a>&#41;&#46; The evidence regarding the relationship between R&#38;D internationalization and innovation performance is somewhat contradictory&#46; Most scholars indicate that R&#38;D internationalization and corporate innovation are positively linked because utilization of extant knowledge in MNEs and development of new knowledge in their host countries are conducive to enhancing corporate innovation performance&#46; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0002">Arvanitis &#38; Hollenstein &#40;2011&#41;</a> conduct a study of 2817 MNEs in Switzerland and reveal that knowledge-oriented overseas R&#38;D activity positively affects the innovation performance of parent companies through the reverse spillover of knowledge&#46; By contrast&#44; market-oriented and resource-oriented overseas R&#38;D activity increases business productivity through economies of scale and learning effects&#46; Other researchers indicate that foreign investment in R&#38;D is accompanied by the liability of foreignness and a lack of legitimacy&#46; This may cause companies to expend their limited resources while managing related affairs&#44; thus impeding the R&#38;D process and consequently leading to a decrease in innovation performance&#46; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065">Singh &#40;2008&#41;</a> demonstrates that R&#38;D institutions in various countries fail to facilitate innovation in enterprises because the cost of integrating knowledge is greater than the income generated by using knowledge and technology input from overseas R&#38;D institutions&#46; This contradiction may be partly attributable to studies failing to offer a complete definition of R&#38;D internationalization or overly differentiating between certain characteristics&#46; Furthermore&#44; most existing literature ignore the differences between the home and host countries&#44; for example&#44; differences in institutional distance between the host and home countries&#46; These differences affect the investment decisions of MNEs&#44; which in turn affect the performance of overseas subsidiaries&#46; Existing literature mainly captures the differences in institutional distance between the home and host countries &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0051">Qian et al&#46;&#44; 2022</a>&#41;&#46; However&#44; research has not yet employed the business environment index to analyze the impact of business environment distance on firm-level OFDI and present a moderating factor to explore the boundary of influence between them&#46; Compared with other institution quality indicators&#44; the business activities of overseas subsidiaries are often directly affected by their host countries&#8217; institutions&#44; laws&#44; and economies&#46; Therefore&#44; the business environment better reflects the regulations and difficulties encountered by firms involved in OFDI&#46; In addition&#44; the existing literature has not built a clear mathematical model to explain the impact mechanism of business environment distance on the innovation performance of MNEs&#46; This also raises questions concerning the role of EMNEs&#8217; R&#38;D internationalization capabilities in the relationship between business environment distance and corporate innovation performance&#44; the answers to which can help to identify the mechanism by which the effects of technology spillover are transferred to overseas subsidiaries&#46; China is a typical relational society &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0022">Hitt et al&#46;&#44; 2002</a>&#41;&#44; migrants constitute a critical social network resource for building a channel of collaboration and exchange between China and overseas markets &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020">Hernandez&#44; 2014</a>&#41;&#46; The informal nature of the migrant network is a pivotal factor that influences cross-border exchange and cooperation &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0007">Chen et al&#46;&#44; 2020</a>&#41;&#46; Therefore&#44; we explore the moderating effect of migrant networks on the relationship between business environment distance and R&#38;D internationalization&#46; We divide migrant networks based on educational background and systematically analyze the effect of their characteristics on the innovation performance of MNEs&#46; The objectives of this study are as follows&#58; &#40;a&#41; to determine whether business environment distance affects the innovation performance of EMNEs&#44; &#40;b&#41; to explore whether business environment distance increases the innovation performance of EMNEs by improving the parent company&#39;s R&#38;D internationalization capabilities&#44; and &#40;c&#41; to identify the moderating role of migrants&#8217; educational background&#46;</p><p id="para0004" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This study enriches the literature on the theory of the OFDI of emerging economies and provides a valuable decision-making basis for enhancing the technological innovation capabilities of EMNEs&#46; First&#44; the literature mostly examines the performance of MNEs from a single perspective&#58; the host country&#39;s business environment or the home country&#39;s business environment&#46; Few studies consider the effect of business environment distance on the innovation efficiency of MNEs&#46; Based on the springboard theory&#44; our research is more thorough and analyzes the impact of business environment distance on micro-enterprise innovation performance&#46; The results show that business environment distance can enhance the reverse innovation spillover effect of MNEs&#44; which fills the existing research gap&#46; Second&#44; the literature focuses on the direct impact of the external environment on the innovation performance of MNEs&#46; Then the existing literature has not built a clear model to explain the impact mechanism of business environment distance on the innovation performance of MNEs&#46; The mediating role of the parent company&#39;s R&#38;D internationalization capabilities is commonly overlooked with respect to the reverse spillover effects of overseas subsidiaries&#8217; technological innovation&#46; We subdivide the R&#38;D internationalization of EMNEs into intensity and diversity to determine the effect of business environment distance on parent companies&#8217; innovation performance&#46; Our study demonstrates that R&#38;D internationalization is crucial for developing corporate internationalization strategies&#46; This investigation adds to the research on the innovation performance of MNEs in the field of international business&#46; Third&#44; although the existing literature has investigated migrant networks as a factor affecting OFDI&#44; there is little literature that discusses the role of migrant networks characteristics in the reverse spillover effects of innovation by overseas affiliates&#46; Our research is more thorough and analyzes how to reduce the negative impact of business environment distance and proposes a possible method to alleviate the negative impact of business environment distance on micro-enterprise innovation performance&#58; promotion and deepening of high-skilled migrant networks&#46; This study provides a reference for future analysis of emerging markets&#46;</p><p id="para0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The remainder of this paper is structured as follows&#58; Section 2 summarizes the literature review and proposes hypotheses&#44; Section 3 describes the measurement model and data&#44; Section 4 presents the empirical results&#44; and Section 5 is conclusions and practical implications&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0002" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0004">Literature review and hypotheses</span><span id="sec0003" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0005">Business environment distance and EMNEs&#8217; innovation performance</span><p id="para0006" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The business environment comprises a series of business controls on companies from their establishment to their bankruptcy&#46; These business controls consist of an evaluation of enterprises&#8217; institutional and economic environment &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0028">Jovanovic &#38; Jovanovic&#44; 2018</a>&#41; and are closely related to MNEs&#8217; production and operation&#46; The business activities of overseas subsidiaries are often directly affected by their host countries&#8217; systems&#44; laws&#44; and economies&#46; However&#44; the rules&#44; regulations&#44; and business environments of each country are unique&#46; Therefore&#44; comprehensive consideration of business environment distance is crucial for increasing the survival rate of overseas subsidiaries&#46; Since its introduction into the field of organization and management by <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0013">DiMaggio &#38; Powell &#40;1983&#41;</a>&#44; scholars have used institutional theory to explain the investment behavior of MNEs&#46; MNEs&#8217; OFDI varies by country but invariably involves institutional issues&#46; Institutions are the general term for formal or informal social orders&#44; rules&#44; and quasi-rules that restrict organizational models&#46; Institutional distance can either be formal or informal&#46; Formal institutional distance refers to the differences in laws and regulations between home and host countries &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0044">North&#44; 1990</a>&#41;&#46; Therefore&#44; business environment distance is also a representation of formal institutional distance&#46; We analyze the business environment distance and innovation performance of MNEs from the perspective of formal institutional distance&#46;</p><p id="para0007" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The literature mainly examines the relationship between formal institutions and EMNEs&#8217; OFDI from a macro institutional perspective&#44; and the findings are contradictory&#46; Traditional institutional theory holds that MNEs inevitably encounter differences between their home and host countries&#8217; systems when investing overseas&#46; When formal institutional distance is large&#44; MNEs must expend more energy to earn local legitimacy&#46; When MNEs invest in a advanced country with an established legal system and abundant technological resources&#44; they may also encounter barriers to legality &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0043">Meyer et al&#46;&#44; 2014</a>&#41;&#46; The pursuit of legitimacy often reduces the operational efficiency of MNEs&#44; which threatens corporates&#8217; OFDI performance &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0004">Barreto &#38; Baden-Fuller&#44; 2006</a>&#41;&#46; However&#44; some scholars indicate that formal institutional distance positively affects OFDI&#46; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0056">Stahl &#38; Tung &#40;2015&#41;</a> assert that institutional arbitrage in which differences in institutional environment between home and host countries are exploited is a strong motivation for companies to engage in OFDI&#46; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0062">Yi et al&#46; &#40;2021&#41;</a> indicate that formal institutional distance positively affects the innovation performance of MNEs&#46; Besides&#44; other scholars argue that formal institutional distance exerts a twofold effect on the innovation performance of overseas investment&#46; On the one hand&#44; greater formal institutional distance limits innovation performance of OFDI&#46; On the other hand&#44; greater formal institutional distance entails more opportunities for innovation&#44; which can improve overseas innovation performance through mergers and acquisitions&#46; However&#44; the effect of formal institutional distance on OFDI is contested&#46; Therefore&#44; the mechanism by which formal institutions affect MNEs&#8217; innovation performance should be investigated from the perspective of business environment distance&#46;</p><p id="para0008" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The springboard theory and institutional theory are appropriate to analyze the impact of business environment distance on the innovation performance of Chinese MNEs&#46; China is experiencing a period of system transformation&#44; and deficiencies in the market economy system remain&#46; In addition&#44; Chinese MNEs do not have operating advantages such as branding&#44; technology&#44; R&#38;D&#44; and organizational capabilities &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0057">Strange&#44; 2018</a>&#41;&#46; According to the springboard theory&#44; developed countries with advanced technology can be regarded as a springboard for acquiring management experience and R&#38;D resources &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040">Luo &#38; Tung&#44; 2007</a>&#41;&#46; Therefore&#44; Chinese MNEs are motivated to use different business environment distances as a springboard to acquire strategic assets and advanced technological resources overseas&#46; From the logical perspective of neoinstitutional theory&#44; institutional contradictions are the internal driving force for organizational change&#46; Different business environments provide learning platforms for MNEs to leverage overseas strategic assets and enhance their technological innovation capabilities&#46; A high level of institutional depth is the only necessary condition for developed markets&#44; both institutional depth and institutional efficiency could work &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0048">Pineiro-Chousa et al&#46;&#44; 2019</a>&#41;&#46; Latecomer firms can apply both the business model of mature market environments and the advantages of emerging markets to improve their technological innovation capabilities&#46; Business environment distance is the basis of technological innovation&#46; Thus&#44; the following hypothesis is proposed&#58;</p><p id="para9001" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleEnunciation" id="enun0001"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">Hypothesis 1</span><p id="para0009" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Business environment distance positively affects EMNEs&#8217; innovation performance&#46;</p></span></p></span><span id="sec0004" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0006">Mediating effect of R&#38;D internationalization</span><p id="para0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">R&#38;D internationalization refers to the establishment of R&#38;D centers or overseas subsidiaries with R&#38;D functions by MNEs&#46; MNEs use overseas subsidiaries to conduct R&#38;D &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025">Iwasa &#38; Odagiri&#44; 2004</a>&#41;&#46; The literature divides R&#38;D internationalization into two dimensions&#58; intensity and diversity&#46; Intensity refers to the extent to which MNEs invest resources in overseas markets&#44; whereas diversity refers to the scope of MNEs&#8217; distribution in overseas markets&#46; The springboard theory asserts that EMNEs mainly establish overseas R&#38;D centers to learn from developed countries&#8217; experience with advanced technology&#46; Thus&#44; when EMNEs establish R&#38;D centers in developed countries with business environments different from those of their home countries&#44; the business environment distance may facilitate the improvement of the company&#39;s R&#38;D internationalization capabilities for several reasons&#46; First&#44; a larger business environment distance indicates that the developed country possesses more advanced technology and development models&#46; Latecomer firms have more opportunities to learn about new technology from high-quality companies and seek new partners &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0024">Hurtado-Torres et al&#46;&#44; 2018</a>&#41;&#46; Business environment distance makes enterprises more motivated to increase human capital and R&#38;D investment in developed countries to enhance their R&#38;D internationalization capabilities&#46; This enables companies to maximize the digestion and absorption of overseas subsidiaries&#8217; knowledge and technology&#46; Moreover&#44; because technological resources and advanced knowledge differ by country&#44; emerging markets can obtain a range of advanced technological resources through OFDI in various countries&#46; Therefore&#44; MNEs should establish overseas R&#38;D centers in several locations&#46; Second&#44; in developed countries&#44; which typically have more favorable business environments than do emerging countries&#44; the product renewal cycle is fast&#44; product quality requirements are stringent&#44; and consumer diversity is greater&#46; Therefore&#44; EMNEs must continuously improve their R&#38;D internationalization capabilities and adapt to their host countries&#46; Third&#44; business environment distance allows companies to continuously adapt to different rules and regulations&#46; Firms are thus more likely to develop an open&#44; inclusive&#44; and flexible organizational culture&#44; which can increase their members&#8217; willingness to acquire knowledge from new global environments&#46; In addition&#44; overseas R&#38;D centers in different regions can share their technical knowledge in a global R&#38;D network to expand enterprises&#8217; knowledge base and enhance the R&#38;D internationalization capabilities of parent companies&#46; Accordingly&#44; the following hypothesis is proposed&#58;</p><p id="para9002" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleEnunciation" id="enun0002"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">Hypothesis 2</span><p id="para0011" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Business environment distance positively affects EMNEs&#8217; R&#38;D internationalization&#46;</p></span></p><p id="para0012" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The main motivation for EMNEs to establish overseas R&#38;D centers is to learn about new technology and development models&#46; The knowledge-based theory of the firm holds that tacit knowledge is key for enterprise development&#46; Tacit knowledge is closely related to the business environment and is contextual and cultural&#46; Therefore&#44; MNEs must enhance their R&#38;D internationalization capabilities to help overseas subsidiaries build learning platforms&#44; access more high-quality resources&#44; and utilize the host country&#39;s advanced technological resources as reserves of tacit knowledge &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0031">Kogut &#38; Zander&#44; 1993</a>&#41;&#46; EMNEs improve their innovation performance through R&#38;D internationalization in three steps&#46; First&#44; R&#38;D internationalization enables MNEs to obtain high-quality tacit knowledge from various host countries&#46; Overseas subsidiaries absorb and integrate this tacit knowledge to accommodate their needs&#44; thereby increasing the competitiveness of the parent company&#39;s international market&#46; The higher the degree of R&#38;D internationalization&#44; the larger the number of MNEs with a richer reserve of tacit knowledge&#46; Hence the innovation performance of the parent company will improve&#46; Second&#44; MNEs can expand the scope of resource acquisition by diversifying their R&#38;D internationalization&#46; The establishment of overseas subsidiaries in developed countries with different market advantages allows for parent companies to access scarce complementary resources&#46; In addition&#44; the establishment of overseas R&#38;D centers in various countries facilitates the construction of a global R&#38;D network &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0021">Hitt et al&#46;&#44; 1997</a>&#41;&#44; which can reduce the cost of developing new technology&#46; Third&#44; EMNEs encounter legality issues in overseas markets&#46; The liability of foreignness inhibits overseas subsidiaries&#8217; ability to obtain certain resources and prompts them to seek legal channels&#46; This increases the adaptability of overseas subsidiaries to the complex environment of their host countries and allows for them to develop new technology that satisfies the needs of the market &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0008">Chen et al&#46;&#44; 2012</a>&#41;&#46; Thus&#44; the following hypothesis is proposed&#58;</p><p id="para9003" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleEnunciation" id="enun0003"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">Hypothesis 3</span><p id="para0013" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">R&#38;D internationalization positively affects EMNEs&#8217; innovation performance&#46;</p></span></p></span><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0007">Moderating effect of migrant networks</span><p id="para0014" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In social network theory&#44; migrant networks are considered a relational asset that can be embedded in an ethnic network&#46; The migrant population contributes to the flow of FDI&#46; As a crucial aspect of population dynamics&#44; migration can provide firms with unique channels of knowledge&#44; thereby influencing their selection of locations and survival &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020">Hernandez&#44; 2014</a>&#41;&#46; As the scale of global population migration widens&#44; scholars have increasingly examined the relationship between migrant networks and international investment&#46; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0019">Herander &#38; Saavedra &#40;2005&#41;</a> survey the export value of 51 states in the United States and the results indicate that migrant networks increase a country&#39;s trade export volume and play a considerable role in areas with imperfect systems&#46; Similarly&#44; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0033">Kugler &#38; Rapoport &#40;2007&#41;</a> report that migrant networks promote FDI&#46; Therefore&#44; EMNEs&#8217; ability to utilize social networks is critical to their growth and success in the global market&#46; Social network relationships help companies build trust with their host countries during the process of internationalization&#44; which enhances their exploratory capabilities and market performance &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0034">Lew et al&#46;&#44; 2013</a>&#41;&#46; Social network relationships also provide companies with unique advantages that accelerate international expansion&#46; Furthermore&#44; these relationships can increase the survival rate of overseas subsidiaries&#46; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0063">Yi et al&#46; &#40;2022&#41;</a> indicate that migration networks effectively promote the survival of the overseas subsidiaries owned by EMNEs&#46; Evidence has confirmed the positive effect of migrant networks in the field of international business&#46; However&#44; few studies have examined the heterogeneous characteristics of migrant networks&#46; To fill this research gap&#44; we use Chinese migrants as the study sample and group them based on educational background&#46; We explore the moderating role of migrant networks comprising migrants with various educational backgrounds in the relationship between business environment distance and R&#38;D internationalization&#46;</p><p id="para0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Hypothesis 2 states that business environment distance positively affects R&#38;D internationalization&#46; As latecomers to the global market&#44; MNEs in China do not have the advantages of branding or technology&#46; In this context&#44; parent companies are motivated to increase investment in human capital and R&#38;D to leverage the springboard with regard to the technological gap between home and host countries and maximize the digestion and utilization of the knowledge and technology shared by overseas subsidiaries through R&#38;D internationalization&#46; Host countries can have a rich network of highly skilled migrants&#44; and such countries offer greater potential as a technological springboard&#46; Highly educated migrants provide MNEs with a basis for product innovation and technological development&#46; The flow of cultural knowledge from migrant networks can increase the availability of advanced products and technology for EMNEs &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0054">Saxenian&#44; 2002</a>&#41;&#46; Parent companies reinforce investment in R&#38;D internationalization to maximize the digestion and absorption of overseas subsidiaries&#8217; technology and knowledge&#46; In countries with networks of highly skilled migrants&#44; the proportion of highly skilled migrants in the senior management team of overseas subsidiaries maybe increase&#46; Executives with experience overseas are more adaptable to local culture and management models&#44; which enhances the role of the business environment in promoting R&#38;D internationalization&#46; Moreover&#44; networks of highly skilled migrants constitute high-quality social relationship capital&#46; Such networks facilitate overseas subsidiaries&#8217; attainment of legitimacy in the host country&#46; Regardless of the reserves and quality of knowledge in migrant networks&#44; these networks are conducive to improving EMNEs&#8217; R&#38;D internationalization&#46; Therefore&#44; the following hypotheses are proposed&#58;</p><p id="para9004" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleEnunciation" id="enun0004"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">Hypothesis 4</span><p id="para0016" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Migrant networks strengthen the relationship between the business environment distance and R&#38;D internationalization of EMNEs&#46;</p></span></p><p id="para9005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleEnunciation" id="enun0005"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">Hypothesis 5</span><p id="para0017" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Networks of highly skilled migrants have a greater moderating effect on the relationship between the business environment distance and R&#38;D internationalization of EMNEs&#46;</p></span></p><p id="para0018" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We combine the springboard theory&#44; institutional theory&#44; and the knowledge-based theory of firms to construct a theoretical model of the relationship between the business environment distance and innovation performance of EMNEs&#46; We also discuss the moderating role of the heterogeneous characteristics of migrant networks in this relationship&#46; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0001">Fig&#46; 1</a> displays the analytical framework&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0001"></elsevierMultimedia></span></span><span id="sec0006" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0008">Measurement models and data</span><span id="sec0007" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0009">Sample selection and data collection</span><p id="para0019" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Our study is set in the context of emerging economies&#46; Developed and emerging economies vary greatly in terms of business environment&#44; which can influence firms&#8217; strategy selection when investing in foreign markets&#46; As latecomers to the global market&#44; EMNEs are subject to special constraints because of resource limitations&#46; Therefore&#44; firm heterogeneity &#40;e&#46;g&#46;&#44; in international experience&#41; and country heterogeneity &#40;e&#46;g&#46;&#44; in migrant networks&#41; may play crucial roles in the internationalization of firms&#44; especially in emerging economies&#46;</p><p id="para0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We investigate China for several reasons&#46; First&#44; according to the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">World Investment Report 2018</span> issued by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development&#44; China is the largest source of OFDI among emerging economies&#44; making it an ideal setting in terms of market size and growth rate &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0041">Luo et al&#46;&#44; 2010</a>&#41;&#46; Second&#44; similar to other emerging economies&#44; China&#39;s economy has not yet fully established a standard corporate governance framework&#44; making it an ideal setting to investigate the impact of business environment distance and R&#38;D internationalization on OFDI&#46; The Chinese government started to implement a managed floating exchange rate system in 2005&#44; which increased the exchange rate of the RMB&#46; The increase in the RMB exchange rate has driven the scale of OFDI in Chinese enterprises&#44; and the flow value of China&#39;s OFDI has continued to increase since 2005&#46; In addition&#44; the COVID-19 virus began to spread globally in 2019&#44; which caused a shock to the global financial market&#46; To reduce the selection bias of the sample&#44; we select the sample period from 2005 to 2018&#46;</p><p id="para0021" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Given the availability and objectivity of data on the internationalization of enterprises&#44; we select data on the OFDI &#40;2005&#8211;2018&#41; of Chinese companies on the Shenzhen and Shanghai stock exchanges in developed OECD countries&#46; The sample is determined as follows&#58; &#40;1&#41; Special Treatment firms are excluded&#44; &#40;2&#41; Firms that do not disclose their data or only partially disclose their data are excluded&#44; &#40;3&#41; Firms in the finance industry are excluded&#44; and &#40;4&#41; Firms in tax haven host countries&#44; such as Bermuda&#44; the British Virgin Islands&#44; and the Marshall Islands are excluded&#46;</p><p id="para0022" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The research sample comprises a panel of data on 1143 listed companies&#44; 2538 foreign subsidiaries&#44; and 32 host countries&#46; A total of 4244 observations are obtained&#46; The data are sourced from the China Securities Regulatory Commission &#40;CSRC&#41; and the China Stock Market and Accounting Research Database&#46; We winsorize the data of the continuous variables at the 1st and 99th percentiles to prevent extreme values from affecting the results&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0008" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0010">Variable design and definitions</span><span id="sec0009" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0011">Dependent variable</span><p id="para0023" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In this context&#44; innovation performance refers to that of MNEs engaging in OFDI&#46; The literature focuses on the impact of OFDI on the innovation performance of the home country at the macro-level&#46; However&#44; this study mainly investigates the impact of OFDI on the parent company&#39;s innovation performance on the micro-level&#46; The Chinese MNEs&#8217; innovation performance is evaluated in terms of their total number of valid inventions&#44; utility models&#44; and design patents each year &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060">Wu &#38; Park&#44; 2019</a>&#41;&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0012">Independent variable</span><p id="para0024" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The Doing Business reports published by the World Bank from 2005 to 2018 record changes in laws and regulations imposed on 12 business activities in 190 economies around the world&#46; The scores and rankings correspond to the ease of doing business in each economy across 10 areas&#44; namely starting a business&#44; applying for construction permits&#44; obtaining electricity&#44; registering property&#44; obtaining credit&#44; protecting minority investors&#44; paying taxes&#44; trading across borders&#44; enforcing contracts&#44; and resolving insolvency&#46; Regarding the method of <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0018">Habib &#38; Zurawicki &#40;2002&#41;</a>&#44; the difference between the host and home countries&#8217; business environment convenience score is used as the business environment distance&#46; The business environment distance between China and each host country is calculated on the basis of the Kogut&#8211;Singh distance index formula &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030">Kogut &#38; Singh&#44; 1988</a>&#41;&#44; which is as follows&#58;<elsevierMultimedia ident="ueqn0001"></elsevierMultimedia>where dbdistancej represents the business environment distance between host country <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">J</span> and China&#44; CDmj is the value of the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M</span> dimension of the host country&#39;s business environment distance&#44; Dm represents the value of the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M</span> dimension of China&#39;s business environment distance&#44; and Sm represents the variance in the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M</span> dimension across business environments&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0011" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0013">Mediator variable</span><p id="para0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">According to the annual reports of the company&#44; the sample is manually sorted with regard to the establishment of overseas R&#38;D subsidiaries or R&#38;D institutions&#46; We divide R&#38;D internationalization into two dimensions&#58; intensity and diversity&#46; With reference to <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0023">Hsu et al&#46; &#40;2015&#41;</a>&#44; diversity is measured by the number of host countries in which an enterprise&#39;s overseas R&#38;D subsidiaries are located on an annual scale&#46; Intensity is measured by the number of R&#38;D projects a firm invests in each year&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0012" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0014">Moderator variable</span><p id="para0026" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Referring to <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0016">Gao &#40;2003&#41;</a>&#44; we use the proportion of the host country&#39;s migrant population to the host country&#39;s population to measure migrant networks&#44; the moderator variable&#46; The Database on Immigrants in OECD and non-OECD Countries &#40;DIOC-E&#41; contains information on 100 migration destinations and more than 200 migration source countries around the world&#46; Migration-related information&#44; including educational attainment&#44; is available in this database&#46; We divide the Chinese migrant networks into two groups to examine the heterogeneity in the migrants&#8217; educational backgrounds&#46; The migrants are classified as highly skilled or less highly skilled depending on whether they had a university education&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0013" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0015">Control variables</span><p id="para0027" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The control variables are as follows&#58;</p><p id="para0028" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Corporate age &#40;Age&#41;&#58; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0003">Balasubramanian &#38; Lee &#40;2008&#41;</a> report that younger companies are more flexible and dedicated to innovative activities than are older companies&#46; We measure the age of the enterprise by subtracting the observation year from the year of establishment and taking the logarithm of the result&#46;</p><p id="para0029" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Company ownership &#40;State&#41;&#58; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060">Wu &#38; Park &#40;2019&#41;</a> note that equity properties may influence firms&#8217; innovation activities&#46; We classify MNEs as state-owned enterprises and non-state-owned enterprises &#40;i&#46;e&#46;&#44; private enterprises and foreign-funded enterprises&#41;&#46; We employ dummy variables by assigning state-owned and non-state-owned enterprises values of 1 and 0&#44; respectively &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0052">Ramasamy et al&#46;&#44; 2012</a>&#41;&#46;</p><p id="para0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Per capita management cost &#40;Percost&#41;&#58; Observes that a company&#39;s management cost affects organizational change&#44; which in turn affects its innovation activities&#46; We measure the per capita management cost by determining the ratio of the annual management cost to the number of employees and taking the logarithm of the result&#46;</p><p id="para0031" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Corporate financing capacity &#40;Finance&#41;&#58; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045">Ozkan &#40;2002&#41;</a> suggests that corporate R&#38;D activities are constrained by financial pressure&#46; We measure this variable by obtaining the ratio of total tangible assets to the total assets held&#46;</p><p id="para0032" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Operational capability &#40;Operation&#41;&#58; The operational efficiency of an organization affects the flow of knowledge&#46; We use the ratio of operating income to the ending balance of total assets to measure this variable&#46;</p><p id="para0033" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Profitability &#40;Profit&#41;&#58; According to <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0027">Jensen &#40;1982&#41;</a>&#44; the higher the profit of a company&#44; the more active the company may be in innovation&#46; Profitability is measured using the ratio of net profit to operating income&#46;</p><p id="para0034" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Ownership concentration &#40;Concent&#41;&#58; According to <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0037">Li et al&#46; &#40;2010&#41;</a>&#44; the efficiency of enterprises&#8217; use of key resources for innovation is affected by ownership concentration&#46; We use the Herfindahl index of the top five shareholders to measure this variable&#46;</p><p id="para0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The economic development scale of the host country &#40;Economic&#41;&#58; This variable affects the speed of technology diffusion between countries and the process of technology transfer from overseas subsidiaries to the parent company&#46; We use the logarithm of the host country&#39;s GDP to measure this variable&#46;</p><p id="para0036" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The economic stability of the host country &#40;Stability&#41;&#58; A stable environment can help stimulate innovation potential&#46; If a host country is economically stable&#44; this indicates a more convenient information exchange and knowledge transfer mechanisms between overseas subsidiaries and parent companies&#46; This variable is measured through the inflation rate based on the consumer price index&#46;</p><p id="para0037" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The degree of trade openness of the host country &#40;Open&#41;&#58; According to the literature&#8212;for example&#44; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0038">Long et al&#46; &#40;2011&#41;</a>&#8212;the degree of trade freedom of the host country reflects the transaction costs borne by foreign enterprises in that country&#46; These costs affect the innovation input of the enterprise&#46; This ratio is measured using the ratio of total imports and exports to the GDP&#46;</p><p id="para0038" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0001">Table 1</a> lists the variables and data sources&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0001"></elsevierMultimedia></span></span><span id="sec0014" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0016">Empirical analysis</span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0017">Measurement method</span><p id="para0039" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We analyze the data by first using the panel model&#46; POLS&#44; FE&#44; and RE constitute the three main methods of estimation in the panel model&#46; Next&#44; we test and compare the three models and select the fixed effects model for analysis&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0016" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0018">Measurement model</span><p id="para0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The three following models are used to examine the effect of business environment distance on innovation performance and the mediating effect of R&#38;D internationalization&#58;</p><p id="para0041" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Model 1&#58;<elsevierMultimedia ident="ueqn0002"></elsevierMultimedia></p><p id="para0042" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Model 2&#58;<elsevierMultimedia ident="ueqn0003"></elsevierMultimedia></p><p id="para0043" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Model 3&#58;<elsevierMultimedia ident="ueqn0004"></elsevierMultimedia>where <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">i</span> denotes the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">i</span>th MNE&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span> denotes the year&#44; &#945;0 is a constant&#44; &#946; and &#947; denote the coefficient of an explanatory variable&#44; &#952;i denotes the industry fixed effects&#44; &#956;t denotes the year fixed effects&#44; &#949;it is a stochastic disturbance term&#44; and &#966;&#40;&#958;&#41; denotes the function of all control variables&#46; The model testing procedures are as follows&#46;</p><p id="para0044" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The dependent variable of model 1 is innovation performance&#46; We test the &#946;1 of the business environment distance coefficient in model 1 to determine the total effect of business environment distance on innovation performance&#46; If coefficient &#946;1 is significant&#44; we proceed to the next step&#46;</p><p id="para0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The dependent variable of model 2 is R&#38;D internationalization&#46; We test the &#947;1 of the business environment distance coefficient in model 2 to determine the impact of business environment distance on R&#38;D internationalization&#46;</p><p id="para0046" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The dependent variable of model 3 is innovation performance&#46; We test the &#946;1 of the business environment distance coefficient and the &#946;2 of the R&#38;D internationalization coefficient in model 3&#46; If coefficients &#947;1 and &#946;2 are significant&#44; the mediating effect is significant&#46;</p><p id="para0047" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We use model 4 to test the moderating effect of migrant networks on the relationship between business environment distance and R&#38;D internationalization&#58;</p><p id="para0048" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Model 4&#58;<elsevierMultimedia ident="ueqn0005"></elsevierMultimedia>where <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">i</span> denotes the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">i</span>th MNE&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span> denotes the year&#44; &#945;0 is a constant&#44; &#947;1 denotes the coefficient of an explanatory variable&#44; &#946;3 denotes the coefficient of migrant networks&#44; &#946;4 denotes the interaction coefficient of business environment distance and migrant networks&#44; &#952;i denotes the industry fixed effects&#44; &#956;t denotes the year fixed effects&#44; &#949;it is a stochastic disturbance term&#44; and &#966;&#40;&#958;&#41; denotes the function of all control variables&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0017" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0019">Empirical results</span><span id="sec0018" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0020">Descriptive statistics</span><p id="para0049" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0002">Table 2</a> displays the descriptive statistics of all variables&#46; These statistics are based on the annual data of 1143 firms for 14 years &#40;2005&#8211;2018&#41;&#44; making a total of 4244 observations&#46; The minimum value of innovation is 0&#44; and the maximum value is 6&#46;898&#46; This suggests differences in the scale of enterprises and industries cause the degree of technological innovation to differ across parent companies&#46; The mean&#44; minimum&#44; and maximum values of business environment distance are 1&#46;991&#44; 0&#46;792&#44; and 3&#46;723&#44; respectively&#46; China constantly improves the business environment&#59; however&#44; a gap remains between China and developed countries at this stage&#46; Regarding R&#38;D internationalization&#44; the statistical difference between intensity and diversity is small&#46; The empirical results for the two dimensions of intensity and diversity play a role in the robustness test to a certain extent&#46; Furthermore&#44; the mean value of migrant networks is 0&#46;013&#44; which may indicate that the differentiated migrant network environment provides a data basis&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0002"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0019" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0021">Mediating effect of R&#38;D internationalization</span><p id="para0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0003">Table 3</a> presents the results of the panel data analysis of our regression model&#46; To verify hypothesis 1&#44; we add the variable of business environment distance &#40;Dbdistance&#41; to our regression model to test its effect on firm innovation performance&#46; Regarding the model 1 results&#44; the coefficient of the linear term of Dbdistance of 0&#46;125 is significant at the 1&#37; level&#46; This demonstrates that the greater the business environment distance&#44; the better the MNEs&#8217; innovation performance&#46; This indicates that a differentiated business environment provides Chinese MNEs with the opportunity to leverage overseas strategic assets to achieve substantial development in innovation capabilities&#46; The comprehensive business environment of the host country provides the soil necessary for the growth of technological innovation&#46; This result shows that business environment distance can not only promote OFDI at the national level&#44; but also help to improve the innovation performance of MNEs &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0051">Qian et al&#46;&#44; 2022</a>&#41;&#46; Thus&#44; hypothesis 1 is validated&#46; The business environment distance coefficient in model 2 of 0&#46;132 is significant at the 1&#37; level&#44; supporting the premise that a differentiated business environment can facilitate R&#38;D internationalization&#46; Thus&#44; hypothesis 2 is validated&#46; The R&#38;D internationalization coefficient in Model 3 is &#8722;0&#46;025&#44; which is not significant&#46; According to simulation studies&#44; however&#44; in some cases&#44; the product of the coefficients may be significant but not subjected to stepwise regression testing&#46; This demonstrates that the power of the stepwise regression test on the mediation effect is not as considerable as that of the coefficient product test &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0042">Mackinnon et al&#46;&#44; 2002</a>&#41;&#46; When the mediating effect cannot be tested by stepwise regression&#44; the Sobel method is generally employed instead <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055">Sobel &#40;1982&#41;</a>&#46; The coefficient of R&#38;D internationalization intensity of 0&#46;624 is significant at the 1&#37; level&#59; the higher the R&#38;D internationalization intensity&#44; the better the company&#39;s innovation performance&#46; Overseas subsidiaries will have more access to imitating high-quality products and have the opportunity to collaborate with more technologically advanced partners &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0024">Hurtado-Torres et al&#46;&#44; 2018</a>&#41;&#46; Thus&#44; hypothesis 3 is supported&#46; Regarding the Sobel test results&#44; the indirect effect is 0&#46;111&#44; the direct effect is 0&#46;345&#44; and the total effect is 0&#46;456&#46; Therefore&#44; the mediating effect accounts for 0&#46;111&#47;0&#46;456&#215;100&#37;&#160;&#61;&#160;24&#46;34&#37; of the total effect&#46; Panel B of <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0003">Table 3</a> indicates that the mediation effect is 0&#46;122&#44; the direct effect is 0&#46;334&#44; and the total effect is 0&#46;456&#46; The mediating effect accounts for 0&#46;122&#47;0&#46;456&#215;100&#37;&#160;&#61;&#160;26&#46;75&#37; of the total effect&#46; This is consistent with the result of 24&#46;34&#37; presented in Panel A&#46; Overall&#44; the results indicate that R&#38;D internationalization plays an mediating role in the relationship between business environment distance and innovation performance&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0003"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0022">Moderating effect of migrant networks</span><p id="para0051" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0004">Table 4</a> presents the analysis results of the moderating effect of the migrant networks&#46; Regarding the model 4 results&#44; 0&#46;062&#44; the coefficient of the interaction term &#40;Migrant&#215;Dbdistance&#41; formed by multiplying the business environment distance by migrant networks&#44; is significant at the 0&#46;01 level&#46; This result suggests that migrant networks strengthen the relationship between business environment distance and the R&#38;D internationalization of EMNEs&#46; Thus&#44; hypothesis 4 is supported&#46; We also examine the differences in the moderating effects of educational background&#46; Regarding the model 5 results&#44; 0&#46;203&#44; the interaction term formed by multiplying the business environment distance by the networks of highly skilled migrants &#40;Skillmigrant&#215;Dbdistance&#41;&#44; is significant at the 1&#37; level&#46; As for the model 6 results&#44; 0&#46;056&#44; the interaction term formed by multiplying the business environment distance by the networks of less highly skilled migrants &#40;Nonskillmigrant&#215;Dbdistance&#41;&#44; is significant at the 1&#37; level&#46; Overall&#44; the results indicate that networks of highly skilled migrants exert a greater strengthening effect on the relationship between business environment distance and R&#38;D internationalization&#46; Thus&#44; hypothesis 5 is supported&#46; Our conclusions complement the study by <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0063">Yi et al&#46; &#40;2022&#41;</a>&#44; which shows that high-skilled migrant networks can enhance the springboard effect of EMNEs&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0004"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0021" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0023">Robustness test</span><p id="para0052" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Following the methods of <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0008">Chen et al&#46; &#40;2012&#41;</a> and <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005">Bellemare et al&#46; &#40;2017&#41;</a>&#44; we use the corporate income tax rate of the host country in 2000 &#40;taxrate2000&#41; and the lagged term of business environment distance as the instrumental variables of business environment distance to perform a two-stage least squares regression&#46; The taxation indicator is one of the 10 dimensions of the business environment&#46; Thus&#44; the corporate income tax rate in 2000 also reflects the business environment in 2000&#46; The early business environment of the host country must be related to the current business environment&#46; This is consistent with the principle of relevance for selecting instrumental variables&#46; We also conduct a correlation test on the business environment distance between the current period and the lagged item&#46; The results demonstrate that the correlation principle for instrumental variable selection is suitable&#46; The instrumental variables must not be related to the disturbance terms of the explained variables&#46; After 2000&#44; Chinese enterprises entered an accelerated phase of overseas investment&#46; The corporate income tax rate of the host country in 2000 does not affect the innovation performance of MNEs at this stage&#46; The disturbance term of the business environment distance from the current period is unlikely to affect the observation value of the previous period&#46; Therefore&#44; these two variables satisfy the requirements of the exogenous principle&#46; In summary&#44; the host country&#39;s corporate income tax rate in 2000 and the lagged term of the business environment are ideal instrumental variables&#46; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 5</a> shows the regression results of the robustness test&#46; The coefficient of T1dbdistance is 0&#46;865&#44; and it is significant at the 1&#37; level&#44; which indicates that the instrumental variable is correlated with Dbdistance&#46; The coefficient of Dbdistance in the second column of <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 5</a> is 0&#46;222&#44; which is significant at the 1&#37; level&#46; The above results verify the robustness of the research conclusions&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia></span></span><span id="sec0022" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0024">Conclusions and practical implications</span><p id="para0053" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The examination of the challenges associated with the business environment distance and management of R&#38;D internationalization of MNEs constitutes a critical area of the literature on headquarters&#8211;subsidiary relationships &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0032">Kostova et al&#46;&#44; 2016</a>&#41;&#46; This study represents one of the first investigations of the business environment distance between emerging and developed economies&#44; specifically the overseas subsidiaries of Chinese MNEs&#46; By combining institutional theory and the springboard theory&#44; this study uses Chinese MNEs as an example to investigate the mechanism by which business environment distance influences the innovation performance of EMNEs&#46; We also discuss the moderating role of migrants&#8217; educational background in the relationship between business environment distance and R&#38;D internationalization&#44; which has certain policy implications for improving EMNEs&#8217; innovation performance&#46; Innovation performance significantly improves when enterprises invest in developed countries with business environments superior to those of their home country&#46; Diverse business environments provide potential opportunities for companies to considerably improve their innovation capabilities&#46; Therefore&#44; enterprises can leverage the differences in the business environment to increase their innovation efficiency&#46; Business environment distance improves the company&#39;s R&#38;D internationalization capabilities&#44; facilitating the absorption and integration of new technology and knowledge&#46; In addition&#44; migrant networks enhance the business environment distance&#44; which promotes the parent company&#39;s R&#38;D internationalization capabilities&#46; Compared with less highly skilled migrants&#44; highly skilled migrants exert a greater strengthening effect on the relationship between business environment distance and R&#38;D internationalization&#46; Host countries&#8217; expansive network of highly skilled migrants enhances the parent company&#39;s ability to discover the advantages and opportunities of the business environment&#46; Therefore&#44; the parent company has more motivation to increase international R&#38;D investment to absorb new foreign technology&#46; Our findings support the premise that R&#38;D internationalization has both advantages and disadvantages that determine innovation performance &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0008">Chen et al&#46;&#44; 2012</a>&#41;&#46; For EMNEs&#44; domestic institutions cannot provide efficient or sufficient support for innovation &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0046">Peng&#44; 2003</a>&#41;&#46; Therefore&#44; establishing overseas R&#38;D subsidiaries in countries with a favorable business environment is a solution for companies in emerging economies seeking to enhance their innovation capabilities &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0047">Peng et al&#46;&#44; 2008</a>&#41;&#46;</p><p id="para0054" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This study makes four main contributions to the literature on international business&#46; First&#44; present studies mostly focus on OFDI decision-making &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035">Li &#38; Zhang&#44; 2014</a>&#41;&#44; location selection &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0039">Luo &#38; Rui&#44; 2009</a>&#41;&#44; and entry modes&#46; However&#44; we emphasize the reverse technological innovation effect of OFDI on the parent company and identify factors influencing OFDI&#46; Second&#44; studies indicate that acquiring technology-based strategic assets through the establishment of overseas subsidiaries motivates Chinese MNEs to engage in OFDI&#46; However&#44; few studies address the transmission mechanism and influencing factors of the technological reverse spillover effect of overseas subsidiaries&#46; We use the mediating perspective of R&#38;D internationalization to discuss the internal mechanism by which the innovation performance of Chinese MNEs is influenced&#46; The study results may be related to the potential of cooperation to reinforce a firm&#39;s capabilities in identifying&#44; sharing&#44; distributing&#44; and coordinating international knowledge flows &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0058">Tortoriello et al&#46;&#44; 2011</a>&#41;&#46; Third&#44; the growing influence of the business environment on international investment is an integral external support for MNEs&#8217; strategic selection and performance improvement that cannot be overlooked &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0059">Ward et al&#46;&#44; 1995</a>&#41;&#46; Existing studies examine the performance of MNEs from a single-country perspective&#58; the host country&#39;s business environment or the home country&#39;s business environment&#46; Although some scholars consider the critical influence of institutional distance and cultural distance on the innovation performance of MNEs&#44; these factors indirectly affect the development of enterprises&#46; However&#44; business environment distance not only comprehensively reflects the factors of institutional&#44; economic&#44; and cultural distance but is also directly related to the life cycle of an enterprise&#46; Therefore&#44; the business environment directly affects corporate innovation performance&#46; This study supplements the literature on the relationship between business environment distance and MNEs&#8217; innovation performance&#46; Fourth&#44; the heterogeneous characteristics of migrants are ignored in present literature &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0036">Li et al&#46;&#44; 2019</a>&#41;&#46; We discuss the moderating role of migrant networks and their educational background in the relationship between business environment distance and R&#38;D internationalization&#46; We classify migrants as highly skilled and less highly skilled and analyze the influence of migrant networks on EMNEs&#8217; OFDI in the literature on emerging market countries&#46; Thus&#44; our findings provide theoretical and practical value&#46;</p><p id="para0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This research entails crucial practical implications for EMNEs and policymakers in emerging markets&#46; Enterprises&#8217; potential opportunities to absorb new technological resources increase when the business environment of the host country is more favorable than that of the home country&#46; Therefore&#44; EMNEs should consider the overseas investment environment and leverage different business environments to increase their innovative potential&#46; Latecomer Chinese MNEs should construct overseas R&#38;D networks and encourage R&#38;D personnel to communicate through overseas R&#38;D networks&#46; The government of emerging economies should provide enterprises with financial support and tax incentives&#46; Overseas migrant networks constitute an essential bridge for communication and cooperation between the home and host countries&#46; MNEs should enhance their ability to obtain high-quality external resources by leveraging high-quality resources within networks of highly skilled migrants&#46; Therefore&#44; countries with emerging markets should build investment relationship networks with host countries through overseas migrant networks to increase the efficiency of knowledge and technology flows&#46; Emerging economies have made great achievements&#44; but high-skilled human resources remain one of the key issues for EMNEs&#46; Therefore&#44; practitioners and investors should pay attention to how to recruit management talents with rich professional knowledge and practical experience&#46; Overseas background is a specific manifestation of human capital&#46; Overseas study and work experience in developed countries can enable senior executives to accumulate excellent management experience&#44; broad international vision and international social network&#46; Then&#44; executive teams should make full use of migrants living overseas to reduce the risks in the process of R&#38;D internationalization&#46; More importantly&#44; investors should follow the cost-benefit principle to fully assess the risks and opportunities brought about by the business environment distance to avoid falling into the dilemma of investment failure&#46;</p><p id="para0056" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Our study has several limitations&#46; First&#44; because we focus on the technological innovation of Chinese enterprises&#44; the sample data are on the investments of enterprises in developed countries that have superior business environments to that of China&#46; In the future&#44; future research can compare the differences in the impact of business environment distance between developed and developing countries on the innovation capability of the parent company&#46; Second&#44; we consider the comprehensive indicators of business environment distance but do not classify the indicators of subdimensions of the business environment&#46; The heterogeneity of various indicators can be further analyzed in subsequent investigations&#46; Third&#44; we select the sample data of Chinese listed companies from 2005 to 2018&#44; future studies can further update the data and discuss the impact of the COVID-19 virus on EMNEs&#46;</p></span></span>"
    "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [
      "secciones" => array:11 [
        0 => array:3 [
          "identificador" => "xres1824888"
          "titulo" => "Abstract"
          "secciones" => array:1 [
            0 => array:1 [
              "identificador" => "abss0001"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        1 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1591678"
          "titulo" => "Keywords"
        ]
        2 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0001"
          "titulo" => "Introduction"
        ]
        3 => array:3 [
          "identificador" => "sec0002"
          "titulo" => "Literature review and hypotheses"
          "secciones" => array:3 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0003"
              "titulo" => "Business environment distance and EMNEs&#8217; innovation performance"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0004"
              "titulo" => "Mediating effect of R&#38;D internationalization"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0005"
              "titulo" => "Moderating effect of migrant networks"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        4 => array:3 [
          "identificador" => "sec0006"
          "titulo" => "Measurement models and data"
          "secciones" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0007"
              "titulo" => "Sample selection and data collection"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        5 => array:3 [
          "identificador" => "sec0008"
          "titulo" => "Variable design and definitions"
          "secciones" => array:5 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0009"
              "titulo" => "Dependent variable"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0010"
              "titulo" => "Independent variable"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0011"
              "titulo" => "Mediator variable"
            ]
            3 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0012"
              "titulo" => "Moderator variable"
            ]
            4 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0013"
              "titulo" => "Control variables"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        6 => array:3 [
          "identificador" => "sec0014"
          "titulo" => "Empirical analysis"
          "secciones" => array:2 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0015"
              "titulo" => "Measurement method"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0016"
              "titulo" => "Measurement model"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        7 => array:3 [
          "identificador" => "sec0017"
          "titulo" => "Empirical results"
          "secciones" => array:4 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0018"
              "titulo" => "Descriptive statistics"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0019"
              "titulo" => "Mediating effect of R&#38;D internationalization"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0020"
              "titulo" => "Moderating effect of migrant networks"
            ]
            3 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0021"
              "titulo" => "Robustness test"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        8 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0022"
          "titulo" => "Conclusions and practical implications"
        ]
        9 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "xack643785"
          "titulo" => "Acknowledgment"
        ]
        10 => array:1 [
          "titulo" => "References"
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf"
    "tienePdf" => true
    "fechaRecibido" => "2022-04-17"
    "fechaAceptado" => "2022-08-02"
    "PalabrasClave" => array:1 [
      "en" => array:1 [
        0 => array:4 [
          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Keywords"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1591678"
          "palabras" => array:5 [
            0 => "Sustainable business environment distance"
            1 => "Innovation performance"
            2 => "R&#38;D internationalization"
            3 => "Migrant networks"
            4 => "Emerging market multinationals"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "tieneResumen" => true
    "resumen" => array:1 [
      "en" => array:2 [
        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abss0001" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="spara010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Sustainable business environment plays an important role in creating conditions favorable to innovation&#46; However&#44; is this the case for all types of multinational enterprises &#40;MNEs&#41;&#63; While recognizing the importance of sustainable business environment in innovation&#44; we address this question by examining the impact of sustainable business environment distance on the innovation performance of emerging market multinational enterprises &#40;EMNEs&#41;&#46; A panel dataset of Chinese MNEs listed on the Shenzhen and Shanghai stock exchanges between 2005 and 2018 is employed&#46; Our findings suggest that sustainable business environment distance positively affect the innovation performance of MNEs&#46; R&#38;D internationalization plays a mediating role in the relationship between business environment distance and innovation performance&#46; Migrant networks can strengthen the positive impact of business environment distance on the parent company&#39;s R&#38;D internationalization&#46; Highly skilled migrants have a greater strengthening effect than do less skilled migrants on the relationship between business environment distance and R&#38;D internationalization&#46; Our study contributes to the literature by providing new insights into the relationship between business environment distance and outward foreign direct investment &#40;OFDI&#41;&#46;</p></span>"
      ]
    ]
    "multimedia" => array:11 [
      0 => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "fig0001"
        "etiqueta" => "Fig&#46; 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 1263
            "Ancho" => 2878
            "Tamanyo" => 165214
          ]
        ]
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "alt0001"
            "detalle" => "Fig "
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spara001" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Research framework&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      1 => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0001"
        "etiqueta" => "Table 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "alt0002"
            "detalle" => "Table "
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "tabla" => array:1 [
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:1 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0001"></a><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Type of variable&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0002"></a><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Variable&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0003"></a><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Label&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0004"></a><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Source&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0005"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="top">Dependent Variable&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0006"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Innovation performance&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0007"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Innovation&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0008"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">CSMAR database&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0009"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="top">Independent Variable&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0010"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Business environment distance&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0011"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Dbdistance&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0012"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">World Bank Database&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0013"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="top">Mediator variable&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0014"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">R&#38;D internationalization intensityR&#38;D internationalization diversity&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0015"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">R&#38;D internationalization&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0016"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Annual reports of enterprises listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0017"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="top">Moderator Variable&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0018"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Migrant networks&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0019"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Migrant&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0020"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">United Nations Population Division&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0021"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowgroup " rowspan="10" align="left" valign="top">Control Variables</td><a name="en0022"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Corporate age&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0023"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Age&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0024"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">CSMAR database&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0026"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Company ownership&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0027"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">State&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0028"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">CSMAR database&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0030"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Per capita management cost&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0031"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Percost&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0032"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">CSMAR database&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0034"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Corporate financing capacity&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0035"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Finance&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0036"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">CSMAR database&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0038"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">The operational capability of an organization&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0039"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Operation&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0040"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">CSMAR database&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0042"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Profitability&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0043"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Profit&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0044"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">CSMAR database&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0046"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Ownership concentration&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0047"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Concent&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0048"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">CSMAR database&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0050"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">The economic development scale of the host country&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0051"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Economic&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0052"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">World Bank Database&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0054"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">The economic stability of the host country&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0055"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Stability&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0056"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">World Bank Database&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0058"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">The degree of trade openness of the host country&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0059"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Open&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0060"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">World Bank Database&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spara002" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Variables and data sources&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      2 => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0002"
        "etiqueta" => "Table 2"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "alt0003"
            "detalle" => "Table "
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "tabla" => array:1 [
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:1 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0061"></a><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Variables&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0062"></a><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Obs&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0063"></a><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Mean&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0064"></a><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">SD&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0065"></a><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Min&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0066"></a><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Max&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0067"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Innovation&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0068"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">4244&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0069"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">2&#46;312&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0070"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">1&#46;844&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0071"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0072"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">6&#46;898&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0073"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Dbdistance&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0074"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">4244&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0075"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">1&#46;991&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0076"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;631&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0077"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;792&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0078"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">3&#46;723&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0079"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">R&#38;D internationalization intensity&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0080"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">4244&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0081"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;255&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0082"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;451&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0083"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0084"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">2&#46;639&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0085"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">R&#38;D internationalization diversity&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0086"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">4244&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0087"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;235&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0088"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;403&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0089"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0090"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">2&#46;485&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0091"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Migrant&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0092"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">4244&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0093"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;013&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0094"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;011&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0095"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0096"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;056&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0097"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Age&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0098"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">4244&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0099"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">2&#46;666&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0100"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;444&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0101"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0102"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">3&#46;932&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0103"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">State&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0104"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">4244&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0105"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;311&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0106"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;463&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0107"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0108"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">1&#46;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0109"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Percost&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0110"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">4244&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0111"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">11&#46;290&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0112"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;728&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0113"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">9&#46;548&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0114"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">13&#46;354&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0115"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Finance&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0116"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">4244&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0117"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;916&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0118"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;096&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0119"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;510&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0120"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">1&#46;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0121"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Operation&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0122"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">4244&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0123"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;648&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0124"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;404&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0125"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;106&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0126"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">2&#46;384&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0127"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Profit&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0128"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">4244&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0129"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;067&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0130"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;162&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0131"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;941&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0132"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;433&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0133"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Concent&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0134"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">4244&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0135"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;163&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0136"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;119&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0137"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;013&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0138"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;562&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0139"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Economic&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0140"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">4244&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0141"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">1&#46;349&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0142"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">1&#46;445&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0143"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;8&#46;513&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0144"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">23&#46;986&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0145"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Stability&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0146"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">4244&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0147"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">1&#46;597&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0148"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;961&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0149"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;500&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0150"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">3&#46;856&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0151"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Open&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0152"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">4244&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0153"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;431&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0154"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;307&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0155"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;184&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0156"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">1&#46;567&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spara003" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Descriptive statistics&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      3 => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0003"
        "etiqueta" => "Table 3"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "alt0004"
            "detalle" => "Table "
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "tabla" => array:2 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spara005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Notes&#58; &#42;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>&#160;&#60;&#160;0&#46;1&#59; &#42;&#42;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>&#160;&#60;&#160;0&#46;05&#59; &#42;&#42;&#42;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>&#160;&#60;&#160;0&#46;01&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">T</span> value are in parentheses&#46;</p>"
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:1 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0157"></a><th class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_colgroup " colspan="5" align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Panel A&#58; Mediating effect of R&#38;D internationalization intensity</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0158"></a><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Variable&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0159"></a><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Model 1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0160"></a><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Model 2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0161"></a><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Model 3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0162"></a><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Sobel Test&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0163"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Dbdistance&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0164"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;125&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0165"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;132&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0166"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;129&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0167"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;345&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0168"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0169"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;2&#46;95&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0170"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;9&#46;21&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0171"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;2&#46;99&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0172"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;6&#46;86&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0173"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">R&#38;D intensity&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0174"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0175"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0176"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;025&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0177"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;624&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0178"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0179"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0180"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0181"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;0&#46;47&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0182"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;10&#46;16&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0183"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Age&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0184"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;474&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0185"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;061&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0186"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;476&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0187"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;227&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0188"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0189"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;2&#46;71&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0190"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;1&#46;03&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0191"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;2&#46;72&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0192"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;2&#46;91&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0193"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">State&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0194"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;042&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0195"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;056&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0196"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;043&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0197"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;066&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0198"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0199"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;0&#46;31&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0200"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;24&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0201"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;0&#46;32&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0202"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;0&#46;99&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0203"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Percost&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0204"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;149&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0205"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;024&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0206"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;148&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0207"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;244&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0208"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0209"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;3&#46;51&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0210"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;1&#46;68&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0211"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;3&#46;50&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0212"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;6&#46;01&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0213"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Finance&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0214"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;393&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0215"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;140&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0216"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;389&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0217"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">1&#46;939&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0218"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0219"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;1&#46;48&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0220"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;57&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0221"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;1&#46;46&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0222"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;6&#46;38&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0223"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Operation&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0224"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;211&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0225"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;059&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0226"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;209&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0227"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;402&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0228"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0229"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;2&#46;59&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0230"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;2&#46;18&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0231"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;2&#46;57&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0232"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;5&#46;50&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0233"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Profit&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0234"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;457&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0235"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;015&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0236"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;457&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0237"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;664&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0238"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0239"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;4&#46;53&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0240"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;0&#46;44&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0241"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;4&#46;52&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0242"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;3&#46;92&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0243"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Concent&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0244"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;587&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0245"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;330&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0246"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;579&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0247"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;705&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0248"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0249"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;51&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0250"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;2&#46;53&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0251"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;49&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0252"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;2&#46;82&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0253"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Economic&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0254"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;018&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0255"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;005&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0256"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;019&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0257"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;031&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0258"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0259"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;36&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0260"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;10&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0261"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;37&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0262"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;22&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0263"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Stability&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0264"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;035&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0265"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;011&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0266"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;035&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0267"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;030&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0268"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0269"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;46&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0270"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;33&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0271"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;47&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0272"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;0&#46;70&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0273"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Open&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0274"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;053&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0275"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;078&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0276"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;051&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0277"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;434&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0278"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0279"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;0&#46;79&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0280"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;3&#46;42&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0281"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;0&#46;76&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0282"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;4&#46;77&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0283"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Constant&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0284"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">2&#46;276&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0285"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;341&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0286"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">2&#46;267&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0287"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">1&#46;350&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0288"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0289"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;2&#46;93&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0290"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;30&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0291"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;2&#46;92&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0292"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;2&#46;10&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0293"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Year&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0294"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0295"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0296"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0297"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0298"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Firm&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0299"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0300"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0301"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0302"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0303"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">R-square&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0304"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;055&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0305"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;052&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0306"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;055&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0307"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;091&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0308"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Indirect effect&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0309"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0310"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0311"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0312"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;111&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0313"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Direct effect&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0314"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0315"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0316"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0317"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;345&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0318"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Total effect&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0319"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0320"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0321"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0322"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;456&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0323"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Observations&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0324"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">4244&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0325"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">4244&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0326"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">4244&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0327"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">4244&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0328"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_colgroup " colspan="5" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Panel B&#58; Mediating effect of R&#38;D internationalization diversity</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0329"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Variable</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0330"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Model 1</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0331"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Model 2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0332"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Model 3</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0333"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Sobel Test</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0334"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Dbdistance&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0335"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;125&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0336"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;120&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0337"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;123&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0338"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;334&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0339"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0340"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;2&#46;95&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0341"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;9&#46;25&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0342"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;2&#46;86&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0343"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;6&#46;66&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0344"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">R&#38;D diversity&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0345"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0346"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0347"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;017&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0348"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;779&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0349"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0350"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0351"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0352"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;0&#46;29&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0353"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;11&#46;33&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0354"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Age&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0355"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;474&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0356"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;044&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0357"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;473&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0358"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;223&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0359"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0360"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;2&#46;71&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0361"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;0&#46;83&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0362"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;2&#46;71&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0363"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;2&#46;86&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0364"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">State&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0365"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;042&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0366"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;078&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0367"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;041&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0368"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;063&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0369"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0370"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;0&#46;31&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0371"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;92&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0372"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;0&#46;30&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0373"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;0&#46;95&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0374"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Percost&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0375"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;149&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0376"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;013&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0377"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;149&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0378"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;243&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0379"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0380"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;3&#46;51&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0381"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;1&#46;05&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0382"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;3&#46;52&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0383"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;6&#46;01&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0384"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Finance&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0385"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;393&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0386"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;066&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0387"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;394&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0388"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">1&#46;919&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0389"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0390"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;1&#46;48&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0391"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;0&#46;82&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0392"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;1&#46;48&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0393"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;6&#46;34&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0394"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Operation&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0395"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;211&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0396"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;059&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0397"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;212&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0398"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;396&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0399"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0400"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;2&#46;59&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0401"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;2&#46;39&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0402"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;2&#46;60&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0403"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;5&#46;44&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0404"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Profit&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0405"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;457&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0406"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0407"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;457&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0408"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;649&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0409"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0410"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;4&#46;53&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0411"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;0&#46;02&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0412"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;4&#46;53&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0413"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;3&#46;84&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0414"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Concent&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0415"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;587&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0416"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;381&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0417"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;594&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0418"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;728&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0419"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0420"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;51&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0421"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;3&#46;23&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0422"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;53&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0423"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;2&#46;92&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0424"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Economic&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0425"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;018&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0426"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;005&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0427"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;018&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0428"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;029&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0429"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0430"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;36&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0431"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;31&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0432"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;35&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0433"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;14&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0434"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Stability&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0435"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;035&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0436"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;015&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0437"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;035&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0438"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;021&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0439"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0440"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;46&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0441"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;2&#46;09&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0442"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;45&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0443"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;0&#46;49&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0444"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Open&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0445"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;053&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0446"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;061&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0447"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;054&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0448"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;434&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0449"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0450"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;0&#46;79&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0451"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;2&#46;99&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0452"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;0&#46;80&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0453"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;4&#46;78&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0454"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Constant&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0455"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">2&#46;276&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0456"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;221&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0457"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">2&#46;279&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0458"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">1&#46;313&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0459"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0460"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;2&#46;93&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0461"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;0&#46;94&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0462"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;2&#46;93&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0463"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;2&#46;05&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0464"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Year&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0465"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0466"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0467"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0468"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0469"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Firm&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0470"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0471"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0472"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0473"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0474"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">R-square&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0475"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;055&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0476"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;056&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0477"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;055&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0478"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;096&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0479"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Indirect effect&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0480"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0481"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0482"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0483"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;122&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0484"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Direct effect&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0485"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0486"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0487"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0488"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;334&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0489"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Total effect&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0490"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0491"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0492"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0493"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;456&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0494"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Observations&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0495"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">4244&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0496"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">4244&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0497"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">4244&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0498"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">4244&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spara004" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Regression results&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      4 => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0004"
        "etiqueta" => "Table 4"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "alt0005"
            "detalle" => "Table "
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "tabla" => array:2 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spara007" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Notes&#58; &#42;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>&#160;&#60;&#160;0&#46;1&#59; &#42;&#42;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>&#160;&#60;&#160;0&#46;05&#59; &#42;&#42;&#42;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>&#160;&#60;&#160;0&#46;01&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">T</span> value are in parentheses&#46;</p>"
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:1 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0499"></a><th class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_colgroup " colspan="5" align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Panel A&#58; Dependent variable is R&#38;D internationalization intensity</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0500"></a><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Variable&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0501"></a><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Model 2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0502"></a><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Model 4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0503"></a><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Model 5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0504"></a><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Model 6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0505"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Dbdistance&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0506"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;132&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0507"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;093&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0508"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;107&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0509"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;092&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0510"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0511"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;9&#46;21&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0512"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;5&#46;90&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0513"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;6&#46;98&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0514"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;5&#46;83&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0515"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Migrant&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0516"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0517"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;130&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0518"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0519"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0520"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0521"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0522"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;2&#46;99&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0523"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0524"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0525"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Migrant&#42;Dbdistance&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0526"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0527"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;062&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0528"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0529"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0530"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0531"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0532"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;4&#46;74&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0533"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0534"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0535"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Skillmigrant&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0536"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0537"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0538"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;468&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0539"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0540"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0541"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0542"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0543"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;4&#46;97&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0544"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0545"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Skillmigrant&#42;Dbdistance&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0546"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0547"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0548"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;203&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0549"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0550"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0551"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0552"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0553"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;4&#46;67&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0554"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0555"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Nonskillmigrant&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0556"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0557"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0558"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0559"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;083&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0560"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0561"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0562"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0563"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0564"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;16&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0565"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Nonskillmigrant&#42;Dbdistance&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0566"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0567"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0568"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0569"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;056&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0570"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0571"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0572"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0573"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0574"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;2&#46;72&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0575"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Age&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0576"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;061&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0577"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;060&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0578"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;054&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0579"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;061&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0580"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0581"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;1&#46;03&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0582"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;1&#46;03&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0583"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;0&#46;92&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0584"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;1&#46;04&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0585"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">State&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0586"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;056&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0587"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;064&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0588"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;055&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0589"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;066&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0590"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0591"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;24&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0592"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;42&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0593"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;22&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0594"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;47&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0595"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Percost&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0596"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;024&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0597"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;025&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0598"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;023&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0599"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;026&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0600"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0601"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;1&#46;68&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0602"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;1&#46;75&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0603"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;1&#46;63&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0604"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;1&#46;80&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0605"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Finance&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0606"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;140&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0607"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;098&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0608"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;119&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0609"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;096&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0610"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0611"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;57&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0612"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;09&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0613"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;33&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0614"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;08&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0615"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Operation&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0616"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;059&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0617"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;066&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0618"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;058&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0619"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;069&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0620"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0621"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;2&#46;18&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0622"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;2&#46;42&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0623"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;2&#46;11&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0624"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;2&#46;54&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0625"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Profit&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0626"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;015&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0627"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;010&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0628"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;013&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0629"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;011&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0630"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0631"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;0&#46;44&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0632"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;0&#46;31&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0633"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;0&#46;39&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0634"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;0&#46;33&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0635"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Concent&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0636"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;57&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0637"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;09&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0638"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;33&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0639"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;08&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0640"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0641"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;059&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0642"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;066&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0643"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;058&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0644"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;069&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0645"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Economic&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0646"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;2&#46;18&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0647"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;2&#46;42&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0648"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;2&#46;11&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0649"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;2&#46;54&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0650"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0651"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;2&#46;18&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0652"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;2&#46;42&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0653"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;2&#46;11&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0654"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;2&#46;54&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0655"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Stability&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0656"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;015&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0657"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;010&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0658"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;013&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0659"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;011&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0660"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0661"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;0&#46;44&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0662"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;0&#46;31&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0663"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;0&#46;39&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0664"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;0&#46;33&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0665"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Open&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0666"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;330&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0667"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;316&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0668"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;318&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0669"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;317&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0670"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0671"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;2&#46;53&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0672"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;2&#46;43&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0673"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;2&#46;44&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0674"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;2&#46;44&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0675"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Constant&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0676"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;341&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0677"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;276&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0678"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;233&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0679"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;315&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0680"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0681"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;30&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0682"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;06&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0683"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;0&#46;89&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0684"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;21&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0685"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Year&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0686"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0687"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0688"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0689"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0690"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Firm&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0691"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0692"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0693"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0694"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0695"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">R-square&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0696"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;052&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0697"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;063&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0698"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;060&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0699"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;063&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0700"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Observations&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0701"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">4244&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0702"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">4244&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0703"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">4244&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0704"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">4244&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0705"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_colgroup " colspan="5" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Panel B&#58; Dependent variable is R&#38;D internationalization diversity</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0706"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Variable</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0707"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Model 2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0708"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Model 4</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0709"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Model 5</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0710"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Model 6</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0711"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Dbdistance&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0712"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;132&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0713"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;084&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0714"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;095&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0715"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;083&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0716"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0717"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;9&#46;21&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0718"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;5&#46;88&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0719"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;6&#46;89&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0720"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;5&#46;81&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0721"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Migrant&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0722"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0723"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;099&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0724"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0725"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0726"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0727"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0728"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;2&#46;51&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0729"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0730"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0731"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Migrant&#42;Dbdistance&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0732"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0733"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;052&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0734"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0735"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0736"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0737"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0738"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;4&#46;39&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0739"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0740"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0741"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Skillmigrant&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0742"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0743"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0744"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;420&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0745"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0746"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0747"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0748"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0749"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;4&#46;94&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0750"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0751"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Skillmigrant&#42;Dbdistance&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0752"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0753"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0754"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;196&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0755"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0756"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0757"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0758"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0759"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;5&#46;00&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0760"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0761"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Nonskillmigrant&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0762"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0763"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0764"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0765"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;041&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0766"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0767"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0768"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0769"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0770"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;0&#46;63&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0771"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Nonskillmigrant&#42;Dbdistance&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0772"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0773"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0774"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0775"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;042&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0776"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0777"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0778"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0779"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0780"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;2&#46;25&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0781"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Age&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0782"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;061&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0783"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;043&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0784"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;037&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0785"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;043&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0786"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0787"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;1&#46;03&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0788"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;0&#46;82&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0789"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;0&#46;70&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0790"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;0&#46;81&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0791"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">State&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0792"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;056&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0793"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;086&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0794"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;077&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0795"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;088&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0796"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0797"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;24&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0798"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;2&#46;11&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0799"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;89&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0800"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;2&#46;15&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0801"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Percost&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0802"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;024&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0803"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;015&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0804"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;013&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0805"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;015&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0806"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0807"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;1&#46;68&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0808"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;1&#46;13&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0809"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;1&#46;01&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0810"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;1&#46;18&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0811"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Finance&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0812"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;140&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0813"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;027&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0814"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;046&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0815"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;026&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0816"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0817"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;57&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0818"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;0&#46;34&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0819"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;0&#46;57&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0820"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;0&#46;33&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0821"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Operation&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0822"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;059&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0823"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;066&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0824"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;059&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0825"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;069&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0826"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0827"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;2&#46;18&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0828"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;2&#46;68&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0829"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;2&#46;38&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0830"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;2&#46;78&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0831"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Profit&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0832"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;015&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0833"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;004&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0834"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;002&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0835"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;003&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0836"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0837"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;0&#46;44&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0838"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;0&#46;14&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0839"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;0&#46;07&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0840"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;0&#46;11&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0841"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Concent&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0842"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;57&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0843"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;369&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0844"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;372&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0845"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;370&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0846"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0847"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;059&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0848"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;3&#46;15&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0849"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;3&#46;16&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0850"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;3&#46;15&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0851"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Economic&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0852"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;2&#46;18&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0853"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;005&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0854"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;004&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0855"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;005&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0856"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0857"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;2&#46;18&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0858"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;29&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0859"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;0&#46;98&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0860"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;31&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0861"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Stability&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0862"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;015&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0863"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;015&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0864"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;015&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0865"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;015&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0866"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0867"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;0&#46;44&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0868"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;2&#46;11&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0869"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;2&#46;11&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0870"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;2&#46;09&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0871"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Open&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0872"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;330&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0873"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;053&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0874"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;053&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0875"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;055&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0876"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0877"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;2&#46;53&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0878"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;2&#46;55&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0879"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;2&#46;55&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0880"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;2&#46;69&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0881"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Constant&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0882"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;341&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0883"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;173&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0884"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;128&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0885"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;206&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0886"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0887"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;30&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0888"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;0&#46;73&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0889"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;0&#46;54&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0890"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;0&#46;87&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0891"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Year&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0892"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0893"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0894"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0895"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0896"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Firm&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0897"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0898"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0899"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0900"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0901"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">R-square&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0902"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;052&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0903"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;066&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0904"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;064&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0905"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;066&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0906"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Observations&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0907"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">4244&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0908"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">4244&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0909"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">4244&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0910"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">4244&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spara006" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Regression results&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      5 => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0005"
        "etiqueta" => "Table 5"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "alt0006"
            "detalle" => "Table "
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "tabla" => array:2 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spara009" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Notes&#58; &#42;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>&#160;&#60;&#160;0&#46;1&#59; &#42;&#42;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>&#160;&#60;&#160;0&#46;05&#59; &#42;&#42;&#42;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>&#160;&#60;&#160;0&#46;01&#59; T value are in parentheses&#46;</p>"
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:1 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0911"></a><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Variable&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0912"></a><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">IV-&#8544;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0913"></a><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">IV-&#8545;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0914"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Dbdistance&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0915"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0916"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;222&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0917"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0918"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0919"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;2&#46;94&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0920"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">T1dbdistance&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0921"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;865&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0922"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0923"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0924"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;96&#46;30&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0925"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0926"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Age&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0927"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;007&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0928"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;461&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0929"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0930"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;0&#46;48&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0931"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;2&#46;63&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0932"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">State&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0933"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;022&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0934"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;041&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0935"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0936"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;74&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0937"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;0&#46;30&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0938"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Percost&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0939"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;010&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0940"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;152&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0941"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0942"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;1&#46;37&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0943"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;3&#46;56&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0944"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Finance&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0945"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;231&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0946"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;507&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0947"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0948"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;4&#46;31&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0949"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;1&#46;86&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0950"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Operation&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0951"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;006&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0952"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;217&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0953"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0954"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;0&#46;42&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0955"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;2&#46;67&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0956"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Profit&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0957"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;027&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0958"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;456&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0959"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0960"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;0&#46;96&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0961"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;4&#46;51&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0962"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Concent&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0963"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;099&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0964"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;597&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0965"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0966"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;2&#46;07&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0967"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;54&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0968"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Economic&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0969"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;002&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0970"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;019&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0971"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0972"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;0&#46;43&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0973"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;38&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0974"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Stability&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0975"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;011&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0976"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;032&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0977"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0978"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;53&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0979"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;31&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0980"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Open&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0981"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;098&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0982"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;072&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0983"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0984"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;6&#46;06&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0985"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;1&#46;05&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0986"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Constant&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0987"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8722;0&#46;308&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0988"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">2&#46;174&#42;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0989"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0990"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;&#8722;2&#46;67&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0991"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#40;2&#46;78&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0992"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Year&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0993"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0994"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0995"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Firm&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0996"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0997"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0998"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">R-square&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0999"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;558&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en1000"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;050&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en1001"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Observations&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en1002"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">4244&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en1003"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">4244&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spara008" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Robustness results&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      6 => array:5 [
        "identificador" => "ueqn0001"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFORMULA"
        "mostrarFloat" => false
        "mostrarDisplay" => true
        "Formula" => array:5 [
          "Matematica" => "dbdistancej&#61;&#8721;m&#61;17&#91;&#40;CDmj&#8722;Dm&#41;2&#47;Sm&#93;&#47;10"
          "Fichero" => "STRIPIN_si1.jpeg"
          "Tamanyo" => 193
          "Alto" => 25
          "Ancho" => 250
        ]
      ]
      7 => array:5 [
        "identificador" => "ueqn0002"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFORMULA"
        "mostrarFloat" => false
        "mostrarDisplay" => true
        "Formula" => array:5 [
          "Matematica" => "Innovationit&#61;&#945;0&#43;&#946;1Dbdistanceit&#43;&#966;&#40;&#958;&#41;&#43;&#952;i&#43;&#956;t&#43;&#949;it"
          "Fichero" => "STRIPIN_si6.jpeg"
          "Tamanyo" => 181
          "Alto" => 15
          "Ancho" => 327
        ]
      ]
      8 => array:5 [
        "identificador" => "ueqn0003"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFORMULA"
        "mostrarFloat" => false
        "mostrarDisplay" => true
        "Formula" => array:5 [
          "Matematica" => "R&#38;DInternationalizationit&#61;&#945;0&#43;&#947;1Dbdistanceit&#43;&#966;&#40;&#958;&#41;&#43;&#952;i&#43;&#956;t&#43;&#949;it"
          "Fichero" => "STRIPIN_si7.jpeg"
          "Tamanyo" => 187
          "Alto" => 15
          "Ancho" => 409
        ]
      ]
      9 => array:5 [
        "identificador" => "ueqn0004"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFORMULA"
        "mostrarFloat" => false
        "mostrarDisplay" => true
        "Formula" => array:5 [
          "Matematica" => "Innovationit&#61;&#945;0&#43;&#946;1Dbdistanceit&#43;&#946;2R&#38;DInternationalizationit&#43;&#966;&#40;&#958;&#41;&#43;&#952;i&#43;&#956;t&#43;&#949;it"
          "Fichero" => "STRIPIN_si8.jpeg"
          "Tamanyo" => 193
          "Alto" => 15
          "Ancho" => 506
        ]
      ]
      10 => array:5 [
        "identificador" => "ueqn0005"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFORMULA"
        "mostrarFloat" => false
        "mostrarDisplay" => true
        "Formula" => array:5 [
          "Matematica" => "R&#38;Dinernationalizationit&#61;&#945;0&#43;&#947;1Dbdistanceit&#43;&#946;3Migrantit&#43;&#946;4Dbdistanceit&#42;Migrantit&#43;&#966;&#40;&#958;&#41;&#43;&#952;i&#43;&#956;t&#43;&#949;it"
          "Fichero" => "STRIPIN_si19.jpeg"
          "Tamanyo" => 201
          "Alto" => 15
          "Ancho" => 648
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "bibliografia" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "References"
      "seccion" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "cebibsec1"
          "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:64 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0001"
              "etiqueta" => "Ahlquist and Prakash&#44; 2010"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "FDI and the costs of contract enforcement in developing countries"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "J&#46;S&#46; Ahlquist"
                            1 => "A&#46; Prakash"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Policy Sciences"
                        "fecha" => "2010"
                        "volumen" => "43"
                        "paginaInicial" => "181"
                        "paginaFinal" => "200"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0002"
              "etiqueta" => "Arvanitis and Hollenstein&#44; 2011"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "How do different drivers of R&#38;D investment in foreign locations affect domestic firm performance&#63; An analysis based on Swiss panel micro data"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "S&#46; Arvanitis"
                            1 => "H&#46; Hollenstein"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Industrial and Corporate Change"
                        "fecha" => "2011"
                        "volumen" => "20"
                        "paginaInicial" => "605"
                        "paginaFinal" => "640"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            2 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0003"
              "etiqueta" => "Balasubramanian and Lee&#44; 2008"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Firm age and innovation"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "N&#46; Balasubramanian"
                            1 => "J&#46; Lee"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Industrial and Corporate Change"
                        "fecha" => "2008"
                        "volumen" => "17"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1019"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1047"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            3 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0004"
              "etiqueta" => "Barreto and Baden-fuller&#44; 2006"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "To conform or to perform&#63; Mimetic behaviour&#44; legitimacy-based groups and performance consequences&#42;"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "I&#46; Barreto"
                            1 => "C&#46; Baden-fuller"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Journal of Management Studies&#44;"
                        "fecha" => "2006"
                        "volumen" => "43"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1559"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1581"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            4 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0005"
              "etiqueta" => "Bellemare et al&#46;&#44; 2017"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Lagged explanatory variables and the estimation of causal effect"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "M&#46;F&#46; Bellemare"
                            1 => "T&#46; Masaki"
                            2 => "T&#46;B&#46; Pepinsky"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "The Journal of Politics"
                        "fecha" => "2017"
                        "volumen" => "79"
                        "paginaInicial" => "949"
                        "paginaFinal" => "963"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            5 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0006"
              "etiqueta" => "Chen et al&#46;&#44; 2013"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Externalities of mandatory IFRS adoption&#58; Evidence from cross-border spillover effects of financial information on investment efficiency"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "C&#46; Chen"
                            1 => "D&#46; Young"
                            2 => "Z&#46; Zhuang"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Accounting Review"
                        "fecha" => "2013"
                        "volumen" => "88"
                        "paginaInicial" => "881"
                        "paginaFinal" => "914"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            6 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0007"
              "etiqueta" => "Chen et al&#46;&#44; 2020"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Psychic distance and outward foreign direct investment&#58; The moderating effect of firm heterogeneity"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "C&#46; Chen"
                            1 => "Y&#46; Zhan"
                            2 => "C&#46; Yi"
                            3 => "X&#46; Li"
                            4 => "J&#46; Wu Yenchun"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Management Decision"
                        "fecha" => "2020"
                        "volumen" => "58"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1497"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1515"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            7 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0008"
              "etiqueta" => "Chen et al&#46;&#44; 2012"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "How firms innovate through R&#38;D internationalization&#63; An S-curve hypothesis"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "C&#46;J&#46; Chen"
                            1 => "Y&#46;F&#46; Huang"
                            2 => "B&#46;W&#46; Lin"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Research Policy"
                        "fecha" => "2012"
                        "volumen" => "41"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1544"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1554"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            8 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0009"
              "etiqueta" => "Chidlow et al&#46;&#44; 2021"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "A co-evolution perspective of EMNE internationalization and institutions&#58; An integrative framework of 5Cs"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "A&#46; Chidlow"
                            1 => "J&#46; Wang"
                            2 => "X&#46; Liu"
                            3 => "Y&#46; Wei"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:3 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "International Business Review"
                        "fecha" => "2021"
                        "volumen" => "30"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            9 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0010"
              "etiqueta" => "Corcoran and Gillanders&#44; 2015"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Foreign direct investment and the ease of doing business"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "A&#46; Corcoran"
                            1 => "R&#46; Gillanders"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Review of World Economics"
                        "fecha" => "2015"
                        "volumen" => "151"
                        "paginaInicial" => "103"
                        "paginaFinal" => "126"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            10 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0011"
              "etiqueta" => "Cui et al&#46;&#44; 2022"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Improving business environments&#58; A new approach to promote trade openness&#63;"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "X&#46; Cui"
                            1 => "L&#46; Guo"
                            2 => "Y&#46; Bian"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1080/00036846.2021.2023090"
                      "Revista" => array:4 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Applied Economics"
                        "fecha" => "2022"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1"
                        "paginaFinal" => "15"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            11 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0012"
              "etiqueta" => "Davis and Meyer&#44; 2004"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Subsidiary research and development&#44; and the local environment"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "L&#46;N&#46; Davis"
                            1 => "K&#46;E&#46; Meyer"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "International Business Review"
                        "fecha" => "2004"
                        "volumen" => "13"
                        "paginaInicial" => "359"
                        "paginaFinal" => "382"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            12 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0013"
              "etiqueta" => "DiMaggio and Powell&#44; 1983"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The iron cage revisited&#58; Institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "P&#46;J&#46; DiMaggio"
                            1 => "W&#46;W&#46; Powell"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "American Sociological Review"
                        "fecha" => "1983"
                        "volumen" => "48"
                        "paginaInicial" => "147"
                        "paginaFinal" => "160"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            13 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0014"
              "etiqueta" => "Djankov et al&#46;&#44; 2006"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Regulation and growth"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "S&#46; Djankov"
                            1 => "C&#46; Mcliesh"
                            2 => "R&#46;M&#46; Ramalho"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Economics Letters"
                        "fecha" => "2006"
                        "volumen" => "92"
                        "paginaInicial" => "395"
                        "paginaFinal" => "401"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            14 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0015"
              "etiqueta" => "Elia et al&#46;&#44; 2020"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The role of internationalization in enhancing the innovation performance of Chinese EMNEs&#58; A geographic relational approach"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "S&#46; Elia"
                            1 => "M&#46; Kafouros"
                            2 => "P&#46;J&#46; Buckley"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:3 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Journal of International Management"
                        "fecha" => "2020"
                        "volumen" => "26"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            15 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0016"
              "etiqueta" => "Gao&#44; 2003"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Ethnic Chinese networks and international investment&#58; Evidence from inward FDI in China"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "T&#46; Gao"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Journal of Asian Economics"
                        "fecha" => "2003"
                        "volumen" => "14"
                        "paginaInicial" => "611"
                        "paginaFinal" => "629"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            16 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0017"
              "etiqueta" => "GiannettiI and Rubera&#44; 2020"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Innovation for and from emerging countries&#58; A closer look at the antecedents of trickle-down and reverse innovation"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "V&#46; GiannettiI"
                            1 => "G&#46; Rubera"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science"
                        "fecha" => "2020"
                        "volumen" => "48"
                        "paginaInicial" => "987"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1008"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            17 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0018"
              "etiqueta" => "Habib and Zurawicki&#44; 2002"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Corruption and foreign direct investment"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "M&#46; Habib"
                            1 => "L&#46; Zurawicki"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Journal of International Business Studies"
                        "fecha" => "2002"
                        "volumen" => "33"
                        "paginaInicial" => "291"
                        "paginaFinal" => "307"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            18 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0019"
              "etiqueta" => "Herander and Saavedra&#44; 2005"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Exports and the structure of immigrant-based networks&#58; The role of geographic proximity"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "M&#46;G&#46; Herander"
                            1 => "L&#46;A&#46; Saavedra"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "The Review of Economics and Statistics"
                        "fecha" => "2005"
                        "volumen" => "87"
                        "paginaInicial" => "323"
                        "paginaFinal" => "335"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            19 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0020"
              "etiqueta" => "Hernandez&#44; 2014"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Finding a home away from home&#58; Effects of immigrants on firms&#39; foreign location choice and performance"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "E&#46; Hernandez"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Administrative Science Quarterly"
                        "fecha" => "2014"
                        "volumen" => "59"
                        "paginaInicial" => "73"
                        "paginaFinal" => "108"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            20 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0021"
              "etiqueta" => "Hitt et al&#46;&#44; 1997"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "International diversification&#58; Effects on innovation and firm performance in product-diversified firms"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "M&#46;A&#46; Hitt"
                            1 => "R&#46;E&#46; Hoskisson"
                            2 => "H&#46; Kim"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Academy of Management Journal"
                        "fecha" => "1997"
                        "volumen" => "40"
                        "paginaInicial" => "767"
                        "paginaFinal" => "798"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            21 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0022"
              "etiqueta" => "Hitt et al&#46;&#44; 2002"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The importance of social capital to the management of multinational enterprises&#58; Relational networks among asian and western firms"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "M&#46;A&#46; Hitt"
                            1 => "H&#46;U&#46; Lee"
                            2 => "E&#46; Yucel"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Asia Pacific Journal of Management"
                        "fecha" => "2002"
                        "volumen" => "19"
                        "paginaInicial" => "353"
                        "paginaFinal" => "372"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            22 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0023"
              "etiqueta" => "Hsu et al&#46;&#44; 2015"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "R&#38;D internationalization and innovation performance"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "C&#46;W&#46; Hsu"
                            1 => "Y&#46;C&#46; Lien"
                            2 => "H&#46; Chen"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "International Business Review"
                        "fecha" => "2015"
                        "volumen" => "24"
                        "paginaInicial" => "187"
                        "paginaFinal" => "195"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            23 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0024"
              "etiqueta" => "Hurtado-Torres et al&#46;&#44; 2018"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "How does R&#38;D internationalization in multinational firms affect their innovative performance&#63; The moderating role of international collaboration in the energy industry"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "N&#46;E&#46; Hurtado-Torres"
                            1 => "J&#46;A&#46; Arag&#243;n-Correa"
                            2 => "N&#46; Ortiz-De-Mandojana"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "International Business Review"
                        "fecha" => "2018"
                        "volumen" => "27"
                        "paginaInicial" => "514"
                        "paginaFinal" => "527"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            24 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0025"
              "etiqueta" => "Iwasa and Odagiri&#44; 2004"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Overseas R&#38;D&#44; knowledge sourcing&#44; and patenting&#58; An empirical study of Japanese R&#38;D investment in the US"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "T&#46; Iwasa"
                            1 => "H&#46; Odagiri"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Research Policy"
                        "fecha" => "2004"
                        "volumen" => "33"
                        "paginaInicial" => "807"
                        "paginaFinal" => "828"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            25 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0026"
              "etiqueta" => "Jayasuriya&#44; 2011"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Improvements in the World Bank&#39;s ease of doing business rankings&#58; Do they translate into greater foreign direct investment inflows&#63;"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "D&#46; Jayasuriya"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Policy Research Working Paper"
                        "fecha" => "2011"
                        "volumen" => "24"
                        "paginaInicial" => "430"
                        "paginaFinal" => "441"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            26 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0027"
              "etiqueta" => "Jensen&#44; 1982"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Adoption and diffusion of an innovation of uncertain profitability"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "R&#46; Jensen"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Journal of Economic Theory"
                        "fecha" => "1982"
                        "volumen" => "27"
                        "paginaInicial" => "182"
                        "paginaFinal" => "193"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            27 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0028"
              "etiqueta" => "Jovanovic and Jovanovic&#44; 2018"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Ease of doing business and FDI in the ex-socialist countries"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "B&#46; Jovanovic"
                            1 => "B&#46; Jovanovic"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "International Economics and Economic Policy"
                        "fecha" => "2018"
                        "volumen" => "15"
                        "paginaInicial" => "587"
                        "paginaFinal" => "627"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            28 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0029"
              "etiqueta" => "Kogut and Chang&#44; 1991"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Technological capabilities and Japanese foreign direct investment in the United States"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "B&#46; Kogut"
                            1 => "S&#46;J&#46; Chang"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "The Review of Economics and Statistics"
                        "fecha" => "1991"
                        "volumen" => "73"
                        "paginaInicial" => "401"
                        "paginaFinal" => "413"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            29 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0030"
              "etiqueta" => "Kogut and Singh&#44; 1988"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The effect of national culture on the choice of entry mode"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "B&#46; Kogut"
                            1 => "H&#46; Singh"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Journal of International Business Studies"
                        "fecha" => "1988"
                        "volumen" => "19"
                        "paginaInicial" => "411"
                        "paginaFinal" => "432"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            30 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0031"
              "etiqueta" => "Kogut and Zander&#44; 1993"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Knowledge of the firm and the evolutionary theory of the multinational corporation"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "B&#46; Kogut"
                            1 => "U&#46; Zander"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Journal of International Business Studies"
                        "fecha" => "1993"
                        "volumen" => "24"
                        "paginaInicial" => "625"
                        "paginaFinal" => "645"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            31 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0032"
              "etiqueta" => "Kostova et al&#46;&#44; 2016"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Headquarters&#8211;subsidiary relationships in MNCs&#58; Fifty years of evolving research"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "T&#46; Kostova"
                            1 => "V&#46; Marano"
                            2 => "S&#46; Tallman"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Journal of World Business"
                        "fecha" => "2016"
                        "volumen" => "51"
                        "paginaInicial" => "176"
                        "paginaFinal" => "184"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            32 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0033"
              "etiqueta" => "Kugler and Rapoport&#44; 2007"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "International labor and capital flows&#58; Complements or substitutes&#63;"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "M&#46; Kugler"
                            1 => "H&#46; Rapoport"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Economics Letters"
                        "fecha" => "2007"
                        "volumen" => "94"
                        "paginaInicial" => "155"
                        "paginaFinal" => "162"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            33 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0034"
              "etiqueta" => "Lew et al&#46;&#44; 2013"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Upstream internationalization process&#58; Roles of social capital in creating exploratory capability and market performance"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "Y&#46;K&#46; Lew"
                            1 => "R&#46;R&#46; Sinkovics"
                            2 => "O&#46; Kuivalainen"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "International Business Review"
                        "fecha" => "2013"
                        "volumen" => "22"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1101"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1120"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            34 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0035"
              "etiqueta" => "Li and Zhang&#44; 2014"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Impacts of trade friction on export and OFDI choices of heterogeneous firms&#58; An empirical analysis based on the firm-level data of Shandong province"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "J&#46; Li"
                            1 => "N&#46; Zhang"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "International Economics and Trade Research"
                        "fecha" => "2014"
                        "volumen" => "30"
                        "paginaInicial" => "76"
                        "paginaFinal" => "90"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            35 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0036"
              "etiqueta" => "Li et al&#46;&#44; 2019"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Country-level institutions and management earnings forecasts"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "W&#46; Li"
                            1 => "J&#46; Ng"
                            2 => "A&#46; Tsang"
                            3 => "O&#46; Urcan"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Journal of International Business Studies"
                        "fecha" => "2019"
                        "volumen" => "50"
                        "paginaInicial" => "48"
                        "paginaFinal" => "82"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            36 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0037"
              "etiqueta" => "Li et al&#46;&#44; 2010"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Ownership concentration and product innovation in Chinese firms&#58; The mediating role of learning orientation"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "Y&#46; Li"
                            1 => "H&#46; Guo"
                            2 => "Y&#46; Yi"
                            3 => "Y&#46; Liu"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Management and Organization Review"
                        "fecha" => "2010"
                        "volumen" => "6"
                        "paginaInicial" => "77"
                        "paginaFinal" => "100"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            37 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0038"
              "etiqueta" => "Long et al&#46;&#44; 2011"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Innovation and trade with heterogeneous firms"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "N&#46;V&#46; Long"
                            1 => "H&#46; Raff"
                            2 => "F&#46; St&#228;hler"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Journal of International Economics"
                        "fecha" => "2011"
                        "volumen" => "84"
                        "paginaInicial" => "149"
                        "paginaFinal" => "159"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            38 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0039"
              "etiqueta" => "Luo and Rui&#44; 2009"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "An ambidexterity perspective toward multinational enterprises from emerging economies"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "Y&#46; Luo"
                            1 => "H&#46; Rui"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Academy of Management Perspectives"
                        "fecha" => "2009"
                        "volumen" => "23"
                        "paginaInicial" => "49"
                        "paginaFinal" => "70"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            39 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0040"
              "etiqueta" => "Luo and Tung&#44; 2007"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "International expansion of emerging market enterprises&#58; A springboard perspective"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "Y&#46; Luo"
                            1 => "R&#46;L&#46; Tung"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Journal of International Business Studies"
                        "fecha" => "2007"
                        "volumen" => "38"
                        "paginaInicial" => "481"
                        "paginaFinal" => "498"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            40 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0041"
              "etiqueta" => "Luo et al&#46;&#44; 2010"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "How emerging market governments promote outward FDI&#58; Experience from China"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "Y&#46; Luo"
                            1 => "Q&#46; Xue"
                            2 => "B&#46; Han"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Journal of World Business"
                        "fecha" => "2010"
                        "volumen" => "45"
                        "paginaInicial" => "68"
                        "paginaFinal" => "79"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            41 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0042"
              "etiqueta" => "Mackinnon et al&#46;&#44; 2002"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "A comparison of methods to test mediation and other intervening variable effects"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "D&#46;P&#46; Mackinnon"
                            1 => "C&#46;M&#46; Lockwood"
                            2 => "J&#46;M&#46; Hoffman"
                            3 => "S&#46;G&#46; West"
                            4 => "V&#46; Sheets"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1037/1082-989x.7.1.83"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Psychological Methods"
                        "fecha" => "2002"
                        "volumen" => "7"
                        "paginaInicial" => "83"
                        "paginaFinal" => "104"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11928892"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            42 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0043"
              "etiqueta" => "Meyer et al&#46;&#44; 2014"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Overcoming distrust&#58; How state-owned enterprises adapt their foreign entries to institutional pressures abroad"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "K&#46;E&#46; Meyer"
                            1 => "Y&#46; Ding"
                            2 => "J&#46; Li"
                            3 => "H&#46; Zhang"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Journal of International Business Studies"
                        "fecha" => "2014"
                        "volumen" => "45"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1005"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1028"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            43 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0044"
              "etiqueta" => "North&#44; 1990"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Institutions&#44; institutional change and economic performance"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "D&#46;C&#46; North"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Libro" => array:3 [
                        "fecha" => "1990"
                        "editorial" => "Cambridge University Press"
                        "editorialLocalizacion" => "Cambridge"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            44 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0045"
              "etiqueta" => "Ozkan&#44; 2002"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Effects of financial constraints on research and development investment&#58; An empirical investigation"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "N&#46; Ozkan"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Applied Financial Economics"
                        "fecha" => "2002"
                        "volumen" => "12"
                        "paginaInicial" => "827"
                        "paginaFinal" => "834"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            45 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0046"
              "etiqueta" => "Peng&#44; 2003"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Institutional transitions and strategic choices"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "M&#46;W&#46; Peng"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "The Academy of Management Review"
                        "fecha" => "2003"
                        "volumen" => "28"
                        "paginaInicial" => "275"
                        "paginaFinal" => "296"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            46 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0047"
              "etiqueta" => "Peng et al&#46;&#44; 2008"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "An institution-based view of international business strategy&#58; A focus on emerging economies"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "M&#46;W&#46; Peng"
                            1 => "D&#46;Y&#46;L&#46; Wang"
                            2 => "Y&#46; Jiang"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Journal of International Business Studies"
                        "fecha" => "2008"
                        "volumen" => "39"
                        "paginaInicial" => "920"
                        "paginaFinal" => "936"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            47 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0048"
              "etiqueta" => "Pineiro-Chousa et al&#46;&#44; 2019"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Financial development and standardized reporting&#58; A comparison among developed&#44; emerging&#44; and frontier markets"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "J&#46; Pineiro-Chousa"
                            1 => "M&#46; VizcainoI-Gonzalez"
                            2 => "J&#46; Caby"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Journal of Business Research"
                        "fecha" => "2019"
                        "volumen" => "101"
                        "paginaInicial" => "797"
                        "paginaFinal" => "802"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            48 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0049"
              "etiqueta" => "Piperopoulos et al&#46;&#44; 2018"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Outward FDI&#44; location choices and innovation performance of emerging market enterprises"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "P&#46; Piperopoulos"
                            1 => "J&#46; Wu"
                            2 => "C&#46; Wang"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Research Policy"
                        "fecha" => "2018"
                        "volumen" => "47"
                        "paginaInicial" => "232"
                        "paginaFinal" => "240"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            49 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0050"
              "etiqueta" => "Potterie and Lichtenberg&#44; 2001"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Does foreign direct investment transfer technology across borders&#63;"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "B&#46;V&#46;P&#46;D&#46;L&#46; Potterie"
                            1 => "F&#46; Lichtenberg"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "The Review of Economics and Statistics"
                        "fecha" => "2001"
                        "volumen" => "83"
                        "paginaInicial" => "490"
                        "paginaFinal" => "497"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            50 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0051"
              "etiqueta" => "Qian et al&#46;&#44; 2022"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Distance of doing business and outward foreign direct investment&#58; An empirical study of China"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "X&#46; Qian"
                            1 => "D&#46; Liu"
                            2 => "L&#46; Huang"
                            3 => "H&#46; Li"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1111/rode.12890"
                      "Revista" => array:2 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Review of Development Economics"
                        "fecha" => "2022"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            51 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0052"
              "etiqueta" => "Ramasamy et al&#46;&#44; 2012"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "China&#39;s outward foreign direct investment&#58; Location choice and firm ownership"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "B&#46; Ramasamy"
                            1 => "M&#46; Yeung"
                            2 => "S&#46; Laforet"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Journal of World Business"
                        "fecha" => "2012"
                        "volumen" => "47"
                        "paginaInicial" => "17"
                        "paginaFinal" => "25"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            52 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0053"
              "etiqueta" => "Sanna-Randaccio and Veugelers&#44; 2007"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Multinational knowledge spillovers with decentralised R&#38;D&#58; A game-theoretic approach"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "F&#46; Sanna-Randaccio"
                            1 => "R&#46; Veugelers"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Journal of International Business Studies"
                        "fecha" => "2007"
                        "volumen" => "38"
                        "paginaInicial" => "47"
                        "paginaFinal" => "63"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            53 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0054"
              "etiqueta" => "Saxenian&#44; 2002"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Transnational communities and the evolution of global production networks&#58; The cases of Taiwan&#44; China and India"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "A&#46; Saxenian"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Industry and Innovation"
                        "fecha" => "2002"
                        "volumen" => "9"
                        "paginaInicial" => "183"
                        "paginaFinal" => "202"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            54 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0055"
              "etiqueta" => "Sobel&#44; 1982"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Asymptotic confidence intervals for indirect effects in structural equation models"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "M&#46;E&#46; Sobel"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Sociological Methodology"
                        "fecha" => "1982"
                        "volumen" => "13"
                        "paginaInicial" => "290"
                        "paginaFinal" => "312"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            55 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0056"
              "etiqueta" => "Stahl and Tung&#44; 2015"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Towards a more balanced treatment of culture in international business studies&#58; The need for positive cross-cultural scholarship"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "G&#46;K&#46; Stahl"
                            1 => "R&#46;L&#46; Tung"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Journal of International Business Studies"
                        "fecha" => "2015"
                        "volumen" => "46"
                        "paginaInicial" => "391"
                        "paginaFinal" => "414"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            56 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0057"
              "etiqueta" => "Strange&#44; 2018"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Corporate ownership and the theory of the multinational enterprise"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "R&#46; Strange"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "International Business Review"
                        "fecha" => "2018"
                        "volumen" => "27"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1229"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1237"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            57 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0058"
              "etiqueta" => "Tortoriello et al&#46;&#44; 2011"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Bridging the knowledge gap&#58; The influence of strong ties&#44; network cohesion&#44; and network range on the transfer of knowledge between organizational units"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "M&#46; Tortoriello"
                            1 => "R&#46; Reagans"
                            2 => "B&#46; Mcevily"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Organization Science"
                        "fecha" => "2011"
                        "volumen" => "23"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1024"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1039"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            58 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0059"
              "etiqueta" => "Ward et al&#46;&#44; 1995"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Business environment&#44; operations strategy&#44; and performance&#58; An empirical study of Singapore manufacturers"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "P&#46;T&#46; Ward"
                            1 => "R&#46; Duray"
                            2 => "G&#46; Keong Leong"
                            3 => "C&#46;C&#46; Sum"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Journal of Operations Management"
                        "fecha" => "1995"
                        "volumen" => "13"
                        "paginaInicial" => "99"
                        "paginaFinal" => "115"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            59 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0060"
              "etiqueta" => "Wu and Park&#44; 2019"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The role of international institutional complexity on emerging market multinational companies&#8217; innovation"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "J&#46; Wu"
                            1 => "S&#46;H&#46; Park"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Global Strategy Journal"
                        "fecha" => "2019"
                        "volumen" => "9"
                        "paginaInicial" => "333"
                        "paginaFinal" => "353"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            60 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0062"
              "etiqueta" => "Yi et al&#46;&#44; 2021"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Ownership structure and OFDI by EMNES&#58; The moderating effects of international experience and migrant networks"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "C&#46; Yi"
                            1 => "Y&#46; Zhan"
                            2 => "J&#46; Zhang"
                            3 => "X&#46; Zhao"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:2 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "International Journal of Emerging Markets"
                        "fecha" => "2021"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            61 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0063"
              "etiqueta" => "Yi et al&#46;&#44; 2022"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Migration networks and subsidiary survival of EMNCs&#58; The mediating effect of entry mode"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "C&#46; Yi"
                            1 => "X&#46; Zhao"
                            2 => "Y&#46; Huang"
                            3 => "J&#46; Yu"
                            4 => "J&#46; Zhang"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1002/mde.3526"
                      "Revista" => array:2 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Managerial and Decision Economics"
                        "fecha" => "2022"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            62 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0064"
              "etiqueta" => "Borojo&#44; D&#46; G&#46;&#44; &#38; Jiang&#44; Y&#46; S&#46; &#40;2020&#41;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:1 [
                  "referenciaCompleta" => "Borojo&#44; D&#46; G&#46;&#44; &#38; Jiang&#44; Y&#46; S&#46; &#40;2020&#41;&#46; The impacts of institutional quality and business environment on Chinese foreign direct investment flow to African countries&#46; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Economic Research-Ekonomska Istra&#382;ivanja</span>&#44; 33&#44; 26&#8211;45&#46;"
                ]
              ]
            ]
            63 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0065"
              "etiqueta" => "Singh &#40;2008&#41;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:1 [
                  "referenciaCompleta" => "Singh&#44; J&#46; &#40;2008&#41;&#46; Distributed R&#38;D&#44; cross-regional knowledge integration and quality of innovative output&#46; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Research Policy</span>&#44; 37&#44; 77&#8211;96&#46;"
                ]
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "agradecimientos" => array:1 [
      0 => array:4 [
        "identificador" => "xack643785"
        "titulo" => "Acknowledgment"
        "texto" => "<p id="para0058" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors thank the editors and one anonymous reviewer for their valuable comments and constructive suggestions&#44; and the authors acknowledge the funding support by the Major Program of National Philosophy and Social Science Foundation of China &#40;NO&#46; 21AGL005&#41;&#46;</p>"
        "vista" => "all"
      ]
    ]
  ]
  "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
  "url" => "/2444569X/0000000700000004/v4_202212251537/S2444569X22000774/v4_202212251537/en/main.assets"
  "Apartado" => null
  "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/2444569X/0000000700000004/v4_202212251537/S2444569X22000774/v4_202212251537/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00004N&text.app=https://www.elsevier.es/"
  "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2444569X22000774?idApp=UINPBA00004N"
]
Article information
ISSN: 2444569X
Original language: English
The statistics are updated each day
Year/Month Html Pdf Total
2024 November 4 3 7
2024 October 14 7 21
2024 September 23 30 53
2024 August 30 14 44
2024 July 17 6 23
2024 June 15 6 21
2024 May 19 15 34
2024 April 36 21 57
2024 March 31 10 41
2024 February 19 6 25
2024 January 42 22 64
2023 December 18 4 22
2023 November 23 12 35
2023 October 15 11 26
2023 September 7 6 13
2023 August 15 2 17
2023 July 33 6 39
2023 June 52 4 56
2023 May 68 2 70
2023 April 30 0 30
2023 March 31 3 34
2023 February 17 7 24
2023 January 47 31 78
2022 December 33 16 49
2022 November 53 13 66
Show all

Follow this link to access the full text of the article