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Original article
Available online 8 November 2024
Dermatoses in patients with inflammatory bowel disease under tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors treatment
Dermatosis en pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal bajo tratamiento con inhibidores del factor de necrosis tumoral alfa
Carolina Mundim Couto Magalhãesa, Marina Ribeiro Bartholob, Bernardo Henrique Mendes Correab, Maria de Lourdes Abreu Ferraria,c, Teresa Cristina Abreu Ferraria,c,
Corresponding author
tferrari@medicina.ufmg.br

Corresponding author.
a Postgraduate Program in Sciences Applied to Adult Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
b Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
c Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Tables (3)
Table 1. Clinical characteristics and treatment of IBD patients with and without dermatological disorders.
Table 2. General characteristics and dermatoses in the groups with and without anti-TNF-α treatment.
Table 3. Variables associated with dermatoses in patients with IBD and in patients with Crohn's disease in multivariate analysis.
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Abstract
Introduction

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitor (anti-TNF-α) agents are essential in treating inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Their use, however, may cause dermatoses. This study aims to characterize the dermatoses in IBD patients on anti-TNF-α therapy.

Methods

A total of 175 IBD patients, 105 (60%) on anti-TNF-α therapy were consecutively selected in a Brazilian referral center of gastroenterology and were evaluated by a dermatologist, regardless of whether they had dermatological complaints.

Results

The most prevalent disorders in patients receiving anti-TNF-α were skin infections (52.4%), unspecified alopecia not associated with psoriasiform eruptions (32.4%), seborrheic dermatitis (27.6%), infusion/injection reactions (14.5%), and psoriasiform eruptions (11.4%). The group not on anti-TNF-α treatment also presented a high prevalence of infection, seborrheic dermatitis, and alopecia, but no psoriasiform eruptions. There was a higher prevalence of dermatoses, when considered together, in patients taking anti-TNF-α. The use of these agents was independently associated with presence of dermatoses when grouped.

Conclusion

The prevalence of dermatoses, considering together, was higher in the anti-TNF-α group. Infections, alopecia, seborrheic dermatitis, administration reactions, and psoriasiform eruptions were the most frequent dermatoses in patients taking anti-TNF-α.

Keywords:
Anti-TNF-α
Dermatoses
Inflammatory bowel disease
Crohn's disease
Ulcerative colitis
Abbreviations:
IBD
TNF
IQR
CI
OR
Resumen
Introducción

Los inhibidores del factor de necrosis tumoral alfa (anti-TNF-α) son esenciales en el tratamiento de las enfermedades inflamatorias del intestino (EII). Sin embargo, su uso puede causar dermatosis. Este estudio tiene como objetivo caracterizar las dermatosis en pacientes con EII que están en terapia con anti-TNF-α.

Métodos

Un total de 175 pacientes con EII, de los cuales 105 (60%) estaban en terapia con anti-TNF-α, fueron seleccionados consecutivamente en un centro de referencia de gastroenterología en Brasil, y evaluados por un dermatólogo, independientemente de si presentaban quejas dermatológicas.

Resultados

Los trastornos más prevalentes en los pacientes que recibían anti-TNF-α fueron infecciones cutáneas (52,4%), alopecia no especificada no asociada con erupciones psoriasiformes (32,4%), dermatitis seborreica (27,6%), reacciones a la infusión/inyección (14,5%) y erupciones psoriasiformes (11,4%). El grupo que no estaba en tratamiento con anti-TNF-α también presentó una alta prevalencia de infecciones, dermatitis seborreica y alopecia, pero sin erupciones psoriasiformes. Hubo una mayor prevalencia de dermatosis en conjunto en los pacientes que tomaban anti-TNF-α. El uso de estos agentes se asoció independientemente con la presencia de dermatosis cuando se agruparon.

Conclusión

La prevalencia de dermatosis, considerando en conjunto, fue mayor en el grupo anti-TNF-α. Las infecciones, la alopecia, la dermatitis seborreica, las reacciones a la administración y las erupciones psoriasiformes fueron las dermatosis más frecuentes en los pacientes que tomaban anti-TNF-α.

Palabras clave:
Anti-TNF-α
Dermatosis
Enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal
Enfermedad de Crohn
Colitis ulcerosa

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