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Vol. 161. Issue 8.
Pages 323-329 (October 2023)
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Vol. 161. Issue 8.
Pages 323-329 (October 2023)
Original
Eficacia y seguridad de la administración de plasma de convaleciente en pacientes con COVID-19
Efficacy and safety of convalescent plasma administration in patients with COVID-19 infection
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Priscila Edith Escobedo-Sáncheza, Ibis de la Cruz-Hernándezb, Meztli Ramos-Garcíaa, Iván Sánchez-Yedrab, Carlos García-Vázqueza, Crystell Guadalupe Guzmán-Priegoa, María Victoria García-Vidriosb, Viridiana Olvera-Hernándeza, Yolanda Mendoza-Garcíab, Jorge Luis Ble-Castilloa,
Corresponding author
jblecastillo@hotmail.com

Autor para correspondencia.
a División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud (DACS), Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco (UJAT), Villahermosa, Tabasco, México
b Hospital General de Zona No. 46, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Villahermosa, Tabasco, México
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Resumen
Introducción

Durante la pandemia de COVID-19 surgieron diversas estrategias para el manejo de la enfermedad, incluidos los tratamientos farmacológicos y no farmacológicos como el plasma convaleciente (PC). El uso de PC se sugirió debido a los resultados benéficos mostrados al tratar otras enfermedades virales.

Objetivo

Determinar la eficacia y la seguridad de la administración de PC obtenido de sangre total en pacientes con COVID-19.

Métodos

Ensayo clínico piloto en pacientes con COVID-19 de un hospital general. Los sujetos se separaron en 3 grupos que recibieron la transfusión de 400ml de PC (n=23) o 400ml de plasma estándar (PE) (n=19) y un grupo no transfundido (NT) (n=37). Los pacientes recibieron además, el tratamiento médico estándar disponible para COVID-19. El seguimiento de los sujetos se llevó a cabo diariamente desde el ingreso hasta el día 21.

Resultados

El PC no mejoró la curva de supervivencia en las variantes moderadas y graves de COVID-19, ni disminuyó el grado de severidad de la enfermedad evaluado con la escala de progresión clínica COVID-19, OMS y SOFA. Ningún paciente presentó una reacción postransfusional severa al PC.

Conclusiones

El tratamiento con PC no disminuye la mortalidad de los pacientes, aun cuando su administración tiene un alto grado de seguridad.

Palabras clave:
COVID-19
Eficacia
Plasma convaleciente
Seguridad
Supervivencia
Abstract
Introduction

During the COVID-19 pandemic, several strategies were suggested for the management of the disease, including pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments such as convalescent plasma (CP). The use of CP was suggested due to the beneficial results shown in treating other viral diseases.

Objective

To determine the efficacy and safety of CP obtained from whole blood in patients with COVID-19.

Methods

Pilot clinical trial in patients with COVID-19 from a general hospital. The subjects were separated into three groups that received the transfusion of 400ml of CP (n=23) or 400ml of standard plasma (SP) (n=19) and a non-transfused group (NT) (n=37). Patients also received the standard available medical treatment for COVID-19. Subjects were followed up daily from admission to day 21.

Results

The CP did not improve the survival curve in moderate and severe variants of COVID-19, nor did it reduce the degree of severity of the disease evaluated with the COVID-19 WHO and SOFA clinical progression scale. No patient had a severe post-transfusion reaction to CP.

Conclusions

Treatment with CP does not reduce the mortality of patients even when its administration has a high degree of safety.

Keywords:
COVID-19
Efficacy
Convalescent plasma
Safety
Survival

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