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Inicio Medicina Clínica Increasing prevalence of psoriasis in Spain: A population-based study (2018–20...
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Available online 19 November 2024
Increasing prevalence of psoriasis in Spain: A population-based study (2018–2022)
Aumento de la prevalencia de la psoriasis en España: un estudio de base poblacional (2018-2022)
Lucía Cayuelaa, José-Juan Pereyra-Rodríguezb,c,
Corresponding author
jpereyra@us.es

Corresponding author.
, Juan-Carlos Hernández-Rodríguezc, Lourdes Rodríguez Fernandez-Freirec, Aurelio Cayuelad
a Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Severo Ochoa, Leganés, Spain
b Department of Medicine, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
c Department of Dermatology, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Seville, Spain
d Unit of Public Health, Prevention and Health Promotion, South Seville Health Management Area, Seville, Spain
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Table 1. Psoriasis prevalence in Spanish men (2018–2022) by age group.
Table 2. Psoriasis prevalence in Spanish women (2018–2022) by age group.
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Abstract
Objectives

This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of psoriasis in Spain from 2018 to 2022 and analyze trends by sex and age groups.

Methods

We used the Primary Care Clinical Database (BDCAP) to identify individuals coded with psoriasis (S91) during the study period. Population data for calculating rates was obtained from the Primary Care Information System (SIAP). Crude, age- and sex-specific, and standardized prevalence rates were calculated. Joinpoint analysis assessed annual percentage change (APC) in prevalence.

Results

The estimated psoriasis prevalence in Spain in 2022 was 1.9%. Psoriasis prevalence increased substantially by 43.3% (from 692,317 to 991,832 cases) over the study period. We observed a clear increase in both crude and standardized prevalence rates for men (7.2% annual increase) and women (8.3% annual increase) throughout the study period. Men consistently had slightly higher prevalence rates than women. Prevalence increased with age, reaching a peak in the 70–74 age group for men and 60–64 for women, before declining in older age groups.

Conclusions

This study revealed a concerning increase in psoriasis prevalence in Spain, independent of population aging. Increased disease awareness, improved diagnostics, and greater treatment seeking behavior are potential explanations. Further research is needed to explore the underlying causes of this rise and inform public health interventions.

Keywords:
Psoriasis
Prevalence
Epidemiololgy
Spain
Resumen
Objetivos

El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la prevalencia de psoriasis en España desde 2018 hasta 2022 y analizar las tendencias por sexo y por grupos de edad.

Métodos

Se empleó la Base de Datos Clínica de Atención Primaria (BDCAP) para identificar a los individuos con código de psoriasis (S91) durante el período de estudio. Los datos de la población se obtuvieron del Sistema de Información de Atención Primaria (SIAP). Se calcularon las tasas de prevalencia brutas, específicas por edad y sexo, y estandarizadas. El análisis de punto de cambio de tendencia (joinpoint) evaluó el cambio porcentual anual (APC) en la prevalencia.

Resultados

La prevalencia estimada de psoriasis en España en 2022 fue del 1,9%, aumentando sustancialmente en un 43,3% (de 692,317 a 991,832 casos) durante el período de estudio. Se observó un aumento claro tanto en las tasas de prevalencia brutas como estandarizadas para hombres (7,2% anual) y mujeres (8,3% anual). Los hombres tuvieron tasas de prevalencia ligeramente superiores a las de las mujeres de manera consistente. La prevalencia aumentó con la edad, alcanzando un pico en el grupo de 70-74años para los hombres y de 60-64 para las mujeres, antes de disminuir en los grupos de mayor edad.

Conclusiones

Este estudio reveló un aumento en la prevalencia de psoriasis en España, independiente del envejecimiento de la población. Mejoras en el conocimiento de la enfermedad y en el diagnóstico, así como nuevos tratamientos disponibles, pueden explicar estos hallazgos. Se necesitan más estudios para profundizar en el conocimiento de las causas de este aumento y aplicarlas a intervenciones de salud pública.

Palabras clave:
Psoriasis
Prevalencia
Epidemiología
España

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