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Inicio Medicina Clínica Hiperhomocisteinemia durante el embarazo como factor de riesgo de preeclampsia
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Vol. 121. Issue 9.
Pages 350-355 (January 2003)
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Vol. 121. Issue 9.
Pages 350-355 (January 2003)
Hiperhomocisteinemia durante el embarazo como factor de riesgo de preeclampsia
Hyperhomocysteinemia during pregnancy as a risk factor of preeclampsia
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E.v.a. López-Quesadaa, E.v.a. Also-Rayob, M. Antonia Vilasecac,
Corresponding author
vilaseca@hsjdbcn.org

Correspondencia: Dra. M.A. Vilaseca Servicio de Bioquímica. Hospital San Joan de Déu. Passeig Sant Joan de Déu, 2. 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat. Barcelona. España.
a Servicio de Ginecología y Obstetricia. Hospital Universitari San Joan de Déu. Esplugues de Llobregat. Barcelona
b Departamento de Genética. Universitat de Barcelona
c Servicio de Bioquímica. Laboratorio de Metabolopatías. Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Déu. Esplugues de Llobregat. Barcelona. España
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Se presenta una revision sobre el papel que la hiperhomocisteinemia tieneen el desarrollo de preeclampsia, aportando nuestra experiencia endiferentes aspectos bioquimicos y geneticos relacionados con el tema.

Las concentraciones de homocisteina plasmatica total (Hct) observadasen gestantes son inferiores a las de mujeres fertiles no gestantes:2.o trimestre (mediana, 5,3 μÊmol/l; rango, 3,1-10 μÊmol/l); 3.er trimestre(mediana, 6,3 μÊmol/l; rango, 3,2-13,0 μÊmol/l). Definimos hiperhomocisteinemia(Hct > P95) durante el embarazo toda concentracion > 7,7 μÊmol/l (2.o trimestre) y > 10,5 μÊmol/l (3.er trimestre).

Encontramos asociacion entre hiperhomocisteinemia y preeclampsia: laHct es significativamente superior en el grupo de preeclampsias que enlos controles; odds ratio (OR) para preeclampsia en hiperhomocisteinemicas= 7,7 (intervalo de confianza [IC] 95%, 1,7-34,8). Las preeclampsiasmuestran tambien un aumento generalizado del resto de losaminoacidos. La correlacion negativa observada en gestantes controlesentre homocisteina y folato no se observa en las preeclampticas.

No hemos encontrado asociacion entre las concentraciones de homocisteinaen las preeclampticas y la intolerancia a la glucosa.

La velocimetria Doppler de arterias uterinas en el 2.o trimestre es unmetodo que puede ser util para identificar a gestantes con riesgo depreeclampsia. La adicion de la determinacion de Hct no mejora significativamentesu predictibilidad.

Los polimorfismos en los genes implicados en el metabolismo de lahomocisteina estudiados no pueden ser considerados como determinantesde la hiperhomocisteinemia observada en las gestantes conpreeclampsia.

Palabras clave:
Hiperhomocisteinemia
Preeclampsia
Gestación
Folato

A revision about the role of hyperhomocysteinemia in the developmentof preeclampsia is presented, which summarises our experiencein different biochemical and genetic points in relation to this possibleassociation.

Plasma total homocysteine concentrations (tHcy) during pregnancywere significantly lower than those of non-pregnant women: 2nd trimester(median, 5.3 ìmol/l; range, 3.1-10.0 μmol/l); 3rd trimester(median, 6.3 μmol/l; range, 3.2-13.0 ìmol/l). Hyperhomocysteinemia(tHcy > P95) was established as values higher than 7.7 ìmol/l in the2nd trimester, and as values higher than 10.5 ìmol/l in the 3rd trimesterof pregnancy.

We found an association between hyperhomocysteinemia and preeclampsia:tHcy values were significantly higher in the preeclampticgroup than in uncomplicated pregnancies; the OR for preeclampsia inhyperhomocysteinemic patients was 7.7 (CI 95%, 1.7-34.8). The otheramino acid concentrations were also higher in preeclamptic women.The negative correlation observed between homocysteine andfolate in the control group, was not present in preeclamptic women.

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