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Inicio Medicina Clínica (English Edition) Effectiveness of brain magnetic resonance imaging in the early diagnosis and cha...
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Vol. 163. Issue 11.
Pages 533-548 (December 2024)
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Vol. 163. Issue 11.
Pages 533-548 (December 2024)
Original article
Effectiveness of brain magnetic resonance imaging in the early diagnosis and characterization of dementias: A systematic review
Efectividad de la resonancia magnética cerebral en el diagnóstico precoz y caracterización de las demencias: revisión sistemática
Ana María Ruiz Torneroa,
Corresponding author
artornero@salud.madrid.org

Corresponding author.
, Esther E. García Carpinterob, Begoña Rodríguez Ortiz de Salazarb
a Servicio de Medicina Preventiva y Gestión de Calidad, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Madrid, Spain
b Agencia de Evaluación de Tecnologías Sanitarias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Tables (4)
Table 1. Search strategy.
Table 2. Main characteristics of included studies.
Table 3. Table of QUADAS-2 results.
Table 4. GRADE evidence table. Question: should brain MRI be used to diagnose dementia early?
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Additional material (1)
Abstract
Introduction

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a frequently used test in the diagnosis of dementia. The objective was to evaluate its effectiveness for the early diagnosis of dementia in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Material and methods

Original studies were selected from systematic reviews between 2011 and 2021, according to PRISMA 2020 criteria. QUADAS-2 and GRADE tools were used, and a meta-analysis was performed.

Results

Final selection of 23 articles. Patient selection and index test had a high probability of bias. The certainty of the evidence was very low. In the hippocampus, sensitivity was 0.62 (95%CI 0.48–0.79) and specificity 0.70 (95%CI 0.55–0.80). In the temporal lobe, sensitivity was 0.65 (range 0.45) and specificity 0.69 (range 0.32).

Conclusions

There is insufficient evidence to recommend routine brain MRI for the early diagnosis of dementia in patients with MCI.

Keywords:
Dementia
Alzheimer’s disease
Mild cognitive impairment
Magnetic resonance imaging
Early diagnosis
Diagnostic accuracy
Resumen
Introducción

La resonancia magnética (RM) es una prueba utilizada frecuentemente en el diagnóstico de demencia. El objetivo fue evaluar su efectividad para el diagnóstico precoz de la demencia en pacientes con deterioro cognitivo leve (DCL).

Material y métodos

Se seleccionaron estudios originales de revisiones sistemáticas entre 2011 y 2021, según los criterios Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020. Se utilizaron las herramientas QUADAS-2 (Quality Assessment Tool for Diagnostic Accuracy Studies) y Grading of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation (GRADE) y se realizó un metanálisis.

Resultados

Selección final de 23 artículos. La selección de pacientes y la prueba índice presentaron alta probabilidad de sesgo. La certeza de la evidencia fue muy baja. En el hipocampo la sensibilidad fue 0,62 (intervalo de confianza [IC] 95% 0,48-0,79) y la especificidad 0,70 (IC 95% 0,55-0,80). En el lóbulo temporal, la sensibilidad fue 0,65 (rango 0,45) y la especificidad 0,69 (rango 0,32).

Conclusiones

No existe suficiente evidencia para recomendar la RM cerebral de rutina para el diagnóstico precoz de demencia en pacientes con DCL.

Palabras clave:
Demencia
Enfermedad de Alzheimer
Deterioro cognitivo leve
Resonancia magnética
Diagnóstico precoz
Precisión diagnóstica

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