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Inicio Medicina Clínica (English Edition) Essential tremor: Update of therapeutic strategies
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Vol. 162. Issue 12.
Pages 599-605 (June 2024)
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Vol. 162. Issue 12.
Pages 599-605 (June 2024)
Review
Essential tremor: Update of therapeutic strategies
Temblor esencial: actualización de las estrategias terapéuticas
Alexandre Gironella,
Corresponding author
agironell@santpau.cat

Corresponding author.
, Juan Marín-Lahozb,c, Santiago Póvedaa
a Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
b Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
c Grupo de Neurociencias, IIS Aragón, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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Tables (2)
Table 1. Non-pharmacological and non-surgical strategies in essential tremor patients.
Table 2. Distinguishing features of the main surgical techniques in patients with essential tremor.
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Abstract

In the last decades there has been progress in the treatment of essential tremor (TE) especially in the surgical field and to a lesser extent in the pharmacological field. We carry out a review of the currently available treatments. The first intervention is the use of non-pharmacological and non-surgical strategies (general advice, occupational therapy, speech therapy, psychotherapy). With discrete advances, the pharmacological treatment is not very satisfactory. Only 30%–60% of patients have a positive response, and in these the anti-tremor effectiveness is 40%–60%. The first-line drugs are still propranolol and primidone. In cases with severe tremor we will consider a surgical option, the method of choice being thalamotomy using high-intensity focused ultrasound. In the future we must continue to study the pathophysiology of TE, develop drugs specifically designed for TE and improve the technology of available invasive techniques.

Keywords:
Essential tremor
Deep brain stimulation
High intensity focused ultrasound
Gamma knife
Essential tremor treatment
Resumen

En las últimas décadas se ha producido un avance en el tratamiento del temblor esencial (TE) especialmente en el campo quirúrgico y en menor medida en el campo farmacológico. Efectuamos una revisión de los tratamientos disponibles en la actualidad. La primera intervención es el empleo de estrategias no farmacológicas y no quirúrgicas (consejos generales, terapia ocupacional, logopedia, psicoterapia). Con discretos avances, el tratamiento farmacológico es poco satisfactorio. Solo un 30%–60% de pacientes tienen una respuesta positiva, y en estos la eficacia anti-tremórica es de un 40%–60%. Los fármacos de primera línea siguen siendo el propranolol y la primidona. En los casos con temblor grave valoraremos una opción quirúrgica, siendo el método de elección la talamotomía mediante ultrasonidos focalizados de alta intensidad. En el futuro debemos seguir estudiando la fisiopatología, desarrollar fármacos específicamente diseñados para el TE; y mejorar la técnica y metodología de los procedimientos invasivos disponibles.

Palabras clave:
Temblor esencial
Estimulación cerebral profunda
Ultrasonidos focales de alta intensidad
Radiocirugía
Temblor esencial tratamiento

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