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Inicio Medicina Clínica (English Edition) Point-of-care ultrasonography in the initial characterization of patients with C...
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Vol. 156. Issue 10.
Pages 477-484 (May 2021)
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Vol. 156. Issue 10.
Pages 477-484 (May 2021)
Original article
Point-of-care ultrasonography in the initial characterization of patients with COVID-19
La ecografía clínica en la caracterización inicial de los pacientes con COVID-19
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105
Yale Tung-Chena,b,
Corresponding author
yale.tung@salud.madrid.org

Corresponding author.
, Ana Algora-Martínc, Rafael Llamas-Fuentesd, Pablo Rodríguez-Fuertesc, Ana María Martínez Virtoc, Elena Sanz-Rodrígueze, Blanca Alonso-Martínezf, Maria Angélica Rivera Núñezc
a Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
b Department of Medicine, Universidad Alfonso X El Sabio, Madrid, Spain
c Department of Emergency Medicine, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
d Department of Emergency Medicine, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Cordoba, Spain
e Department of Emergency Medicine, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
f Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Severo Ochoa, Leganés, Madrid, Spain
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Figures (2)
Tables (3)
Table 1. Demographics and clinical characteristics of patients included (N=96).
Table 2. Imaging modalities (Chest X-ray and Point-of-Care Ultrasound) findings of patients included (N=96), with or without positive test on RT-PCR. RT-PCR not performed in 7 patients.
Table 3. Correlation of POCUS findings and positive RT-PCR.
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Abstract
Background

There is growing evidence regarding the imaging findings of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in chest X-rays and computed tomography scans; however, their availability during this pandemic outbreak might be compromised. Currently, the role of point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) has yet to be explored.

Objectives

To describe the POCUS findings of COVID-19 in patients with the disease admitted to the emergency department (ED), correlating them with vital signs, laboratory and radiologic results, therapeutic decisions, and the prognosis.

Methods

Prospective study performed in the ED of 2 academic hospitals. Patients with highly suspected or confirmed COVID-19 underwent a lung ultrasonography (lung POCUS), focused cardiac ultrasound (FOCUS), and inferior vena cava (IVC) exam.

Results

Between March and April 2020, 96 patients were enrolled. The mean age was 68.2 years (SD 17.5). The most common findings in the lung POCUS were an irregular pleural line (63.2%), bilateral confluence (55.2%), and isolated B-lines (53.1%), which were associated with a positive RT-PCR (odds ratio 4.327; 95% CI 1.216–15.401; p<.001), and correlated with IL-6 levels (rho=0.622; p=.002). The IVC negatively correlated with levels of expiratory pO2 (rho=−0.539; p=.014) and inspiratory pO2 (rho=−0.527; p=0.017), and expiratory diameter positively correlated with troponin I (rho=0.509; p=.03). After the POCUS exam, almost 20% of the patients had an associated condition that required a change in their treatment or management.

Conclusions

POCUS parameters have the potential to impact the diagnosis, management, and prognosis of patients with confirmed or suspected COVID-19.

Keywords:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
Point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS)
Focused cardiac ultrasonography (FOCUS).
Resumen
Antecedentes

Existe una evidencia creciente con respecto a los hallazgos por imagen de la COVID-19, tanto en radiografías de tórax como en tomografía computarizada; sin embargo, la disponibilidad de estas técnicas durante la pandemia podría verse comprometida.

Objetivos

Describir los hallazgos en la ecografía en el punto de atención (POCUS) en pacientes con COVID-19 que consultaron en el servicio de urgencias (SU), correlacionándolos con signos vitales, resultados analíticos y radiológicos, decisiones terapéuticas y pronóstico.

Métodos

Estudio prospectivo realizado en los SU de dos hospitales académicos. Los pacientes con COVID-19 con alta sospecha o confirmada se sometieron a una ecografía pulmonar (POCUS pulmonar), una ecocardioscopia y una ecografía de la vena cava inferior (VCI).

Resultados

Entre marzo y abril del 2020, se reclutaron 96 pacientes. La edad media fue de 68,2 años (DE 17,5). Los hallazgos más comunes en el POCUS pulmonar fueron la línea pleural irregular (63,2%), las líneas B confluyentes bilateral (55,2%) y aisladas (53,1%), que se vincularon con una RT-PCR (odds ratio 4,327; IC 95% 1,216 a 15,401; p < 0,001), y se asoció con los niveles de interleucina-6 (IL-6) (ρ = 0,622; p = 0,002). La VCI se correlacionó negativamente con los niveles de pO2 espiratorio (ρ = − 0,539; p = 0,014) y pO2 inspiratorio (ρ = − 0,527; p = 0,017), y el diámetro espiratorio se relacionó positivamente con la troponina I (ρ = 0,509; p = 0, 03). Después del examen POCUS, casi el 20% de los pacientes tenían una condición asociada que requería un cambio en el tratamiento o manejo previo.

Conclusiones

Los parámetros POCUS tienen el potencial de afectar el diagnóstico, manejo y pronóstico de pacientes con sospecha o confirmación de COVID-19.

Palabras clave:
Enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19)
Coronavirus tipo 2 del Síndrome respiratorio agudo grave (SARS-CoV-2)
Ecografía clínica
Ecocardioscopia

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