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Inicio Medicina Clínica (English Edition) Role of statins in clinical evolution of octogenarian patients admitted due to C...
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Vol. 161. Issue 4.
Pages 147-153 (August 2023)
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Vol. 161. Issue 4.
Pages 147-153 (August 2023)
Original article
Role of statins in clinical evolution of octogenarian patients admitted due to COVID-19
Papel de las estatinas en la evolución clínica de los pacientes octogenarios ingresados por COVID-19
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Carla Jiménez Martíneza,
Corresponding author
carlajimar@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Victoria Espejo Baresa, Verónica Artiaga de la Barreraa, Cecilia Marco Quirósa, Elia Pérez Fernándezb, Maria Luz Martínez Masc, Javier Botas Rodrígueza, on behalf of the study group
a Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
b Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
c Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Clínico Universitario Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Tables (2)
Table 1. Demographic characteristics, cardiovascular risk factors, in-hospital treatment, laboratory values and prognosis of statin pretreated and non-pretreated octogenarians.
Table 2. Risk factors for in-hospital mortality in octogenarian population admitted for COVID-19.
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Abstract
Introduction and objectives

COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019) causes high mortality in elderly patients. Some studies have shown a benefit of statin treatment in the evolution of this disease. Since there are no similar publications in this population group, the aim of this study is to analyze in-hospital mortality in relation to preadmission treatment with statins in an exclusively elderly population of octogenarian patients.

Materials and methods

A single-center retrospective cohort study was performed including a total of 258 patients ≥80 years with hospital admission for confirmed COVID-19 between March 1 and May 31, 2020. They were divided into two groups: taking statins prior to admission (n = 129) or not (n = 129).

Results

In-hospital mortality due to COVID-19 in patients ≥80 years (86.13 ± 4.40) during the first wave was 35.7% (95% CI: 30.1%–41.7%). Mortality in patients previously taking statins was 25.6% while in those not taking statins was 45.7%. Female sex (RR 0.62 [0.44–0.89]; P = .008), diabetes (RR 0.61 [0.41–0.92]; P = .017) and pre-admission treatment with statins (RR 0.58 CI 95% [0.41–0.83]; P = .003) were associated with lower in-hospital mortality. Severe lung involvement was associated with increased in-hospital mortality (RR 1.45 IC95% [1.04–2.03]; P = .028). Hypertension, obesity, age, cardiovascular disease and a higher Charlson index did not, however, show influence on in-hospital mortality.

Conclusions

In octogenarian patients treated with statins prior to admission for COVID-19 in the first wave, lower in-hospital mortality was observed.

Keywords:
COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
Statins
Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitors
Aged
Hypolipidemic agents
Octogenarians
Lipid lower agents
Mortality
Hospital mortality
Resumen
Antecedentes y objetivos

La COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019) produce una elevada mortalidad en pacientes ancianos. Algunos estudios han señalado un beneficio del tratamiento con estatinas en la evolución de esta enfermedad. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la mortalidad intrahospitalaria en relación al tratamiento previo al ingreso con estatinas en una población de pacientes octogenarios, ya que no existen estudios específicamente en este grupo de población.

Materiales y métodos

Se realizó un estudio de cohortes retrospectivo unicéntrico incluyendo un total de 258 pacientes ≥80 años con ingreso hospitalario por COVID-19 confirmada, entre el 1 de Marzo y el 31 de Mayo de 2020. Se dividieron en dos grupos: toma de estatinas previas al ingreso (n = 129) o no (n = 129).

Resultados

La mortalidad intrahospitalaria por COVID-19 en pacientes ≥80 años (86.13 ± 4.40) durante la primera ola fue del 35.7% (IC 95%: 30.1%–41.7%). La mortalidad de los pacientes que tomaban previamente estatinas fue del 25.6% mientras que la de aquellos que no las tomaban fue del 45.7%. El sexo femenino (RR 0.62 IC 95% [0.44–0.89]; p 0.008), la diabetes (RR 0.61 IC 95% [0.41–0.92];p 0.017) y el tratamiento previo al ingreso con estatinas (RR 0.58 IC 95% [0.41–0.83]; p 0.003) se asociaron a una menor mortalidad intrahospitalaria. La afectación pulmonar grave se asoció a un aumento de la mortalidad intrahospitalaria (RR 1.45 IC 95% [1.04–2.03]; p 0.028). La hipertensión arterial, la obesidad, la edad, la enfermedad cardiovascular y un mayor índice de Charlson no mostraron sin embargo influencia sobre la mortalidad intrahospitalaria.

Conclusiones

En pacientes octogenarios tratados con estatinas previo al ingreso por COVID-19 se observó una menor mortalidad intrahospitalaria en la primera ola.

Palabras clave:
COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
Estatinas
Inhibidores de hidroximetilglutaril-CoA reductasas
Anciano
Anciano de 80 o más años
Octogenarios
Hipolipemiantes
Mortalidad
Mortalidad hospitalaria

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