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Inicio Medicina Clínica (English Edition) The value of waist circumference as a preditor of cardiovascular risk in adult p...
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Vol. 161. Issue 11.
Pages 470-475 (December 2023)
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Vol. 161. Issue 11.
Pages 470-475 (December 2023)
Original article
The value of waist circumference as a preditor of cardiovascular risk in adult patients with classic phenylketonuria
Valor del perímetro cintura en la predicción del riesgo cardiovascular en pacientes adultos con fenilcetonuria clásica
Silvia Fernandez-Crespoa, Nestor Vazquez-Agrab,
Corresponding author
Nestor.Vazquez.Agra@sergas.es

Corresponding author.
, Ana-Teresa Marques-Afonsob, Anton Cruces-Sandec, Miguel-Angel Martinez-Olmosd,e, David Araujo-Vilard,f, Alvaro Hermida-Ameijeirasb,f
a Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital of El Bierzo, Leon, Spain
b Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
c Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
d Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
e CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
f UETeM-Molecular Pathology Group, Department of Medicine, IDIS-CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
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Figures (2)
Tables (3)
Table 1. Clinical and laboratory features of the comparison groups.
Table 2. Multivariate linear regression models for uric acid, TG and HDL-c levels in patients without PKU.
Table 3. Multivariate linear regression models for uric acid, TG and HDL-c levels in patients with PKU.
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Abstract
Background and aims

We aimed to evaluate the differences in some cardiovascular risk (CVR) factors between adult patients without and with phenylketonuria (PKU) and to explore the correlation between waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI) with the previous variables.

Methods

This was an observational case–control study that included patients older than 18 years with a diagnosis of classic PKU. The controls were age- and sex-matched individuals. We collected demographic, epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory variables, including WC, BMI, and lipid profile parameters.

Results

A total of 72 patients (25 controls and 47 cases) were included with a mean age of 36 years, of which 45 (62%) were women. Adult PKU patients showed lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) and higher triglyceride (TG) levels than the control group. We found an association between WC and uric acid (B=0.024, P=0.013, 95%CI: 0.005–0.043), TG (B=0.768, P=0.024, 95%CI: 0.107–1.428), and HDL-c (B=−0.254, P=0.026, 95%CI: −0.477 to (−0.032)) levels in PKU patients. However, we did not find any trend between WC and uric acid, TG and HDL-c levels that reached statistical significance (P<0.05) in patients without PKU.

Conclusions

Waist circumference rather than BMI may better represent the CVR in patients with PKU.

Keywords:
Phenylketonuria
Waist circumference
Body mass index
Lipid profile
Cardiovascular risk
Resumen
Introducción y objetivos

Nuestro objetivo fue evaluar las diferencias en algunos factores de riesgo cardiovascular entre pacientes adultos sin y con fenilcetonuria (FCU) y explorar la correlación del perímetro cintura (PC) e índice de masa corporal (IMC) con las variables previas.

Métodos

Fue un estudio de casos y controles que incluyó pacientes mayores de 18 años con diagnóstico de FCU clásica. Los controles fueron individuos emparejados por edad y sexo. Se recogieron variables demográficas, epidemiológicas, clínicas y de laboratorio, destacando PC, IMC y parámetros del perfil lipídico.

Resultados

Se reclutaron 72 pacientes (25 controles y 47 casos) con una edad media de 36 años (62% mujeres). Respecto al grupo control, los pacientes adultos con FCU mostraron niveles más bajos de colesterol de lipoproteínas de alta densidad (HDL-c) y más altos de triglicéridos. En los pacientes con FCU, PC se asoció con los niveles de ácido úrico (B=0,024, P=0,013, 95% CI: 0,005-0,043), triglicéridos (B=0,768, P=0,024, 95% CI: 0,107-1.428) y HDL-c (B=−0,254, P=0,026, 95% CI: −0,477–[−0,032]). Sin embargo, no encontramos ninguna tendencia entre WC y dichas variables que alcanzara significación estadística en los pacientes sin FCU. Aunque observamos una buena correlación entre el IMC y PC en pacientes sin y con FCU, el aumento de PC por unidad de aumento de IMC podría ser mayor en estos últimos.

Conclusiones

Perímetro de cintura podría representar mejor que IMC el riesgo cardiovascular en pacientes con FCU.

Palabras clave:
Fenilcetonuria
Perímetro cintura
Índice de masa corporal
Perfil lipídico
Riesgo cardiovascular

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