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Anticoagulation with warfarin and acenocoumarol reduces the risk of ischaemic stroke and systemic embolism, and has been for decades been the only oral anticoagulant therapy available.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045">2</a>The emergence of new oral anticoagulants (NOAC) as a direct thrombin inhibitor (dabigatran) and direct factor Xa inhibitor (rivaroxaban and apixaban) has provided an alternative oral anticoagulant therapy. NOACs have demonstrated non-inferiority to warfarin in preventing stroke and systemic embolism, with a decreased risk of brain haemorrhage, but an increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding, especially in patients ≥75 years old.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0050">3,4</a> They have benefits (simplified dosing, less medication interaction, no monitoring required) and disadvantages (they do not have antidotes, are not dialysable, limited experience of use and lack of knowledge regarding their long-term safety). Hence their use has been widely discussed by regulatory agencies, including the Spanish Agency for Medicines and Health Products (AEMPS), which has published a report on general criteria and recommendations for the use of NOACs in the prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with non-valvular AF.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060">5</a>With this background, this study was designed with the purpose of exploring the criteria and scores on thromboembolic risk scales in patients admitted into our hospital who are undergoing treatment with NOACs since their commercialisation has been authorised.The La Paz health centre (Badajoz) treats a population of 26,980 inhabitants (53.6% women), predominantly middle class. On April 30, 2015, there was a total of 415 patients undergoing oral anticoagulant therapy, 39 of them (9.4%) with NOACs. Thromboembolic risk was calculated with the CHA2DS2-VASc<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065">6</a> scale, recommended by the European Society of Cardiology.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070">7</a> The data analysis used the SPSS® 22.0 software.Of the total of 39 patients included (20 women, 19 men), 17 took rivaroxaban (43.6% of the sample), 14 apixaban (35.9%) and 8 dabigatran (20.5%). The mean age was 77.9 (80.3 for women and 75.5 men, p=0.135) and the mean score on the CHA2DS2-VASc for the total sample was 4.03 points (4.6 females and 3.4 males, p<0.05) (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>).<elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia>26 of 39 patients (12 females and 14 males) were directly prescribed an NOAC, that is, 66.7% of patients started their treatment with one of the new anticoagulants. The mean age was 76.3 (79.8 for women compared with 73.4 men, p=0.127) and the mean score on the CHA2DS2-VASc was 3.8 (4.2 females and 3.4 males, p<0.083).The average age of the 13 patients (8 females/5 males) who had previously taken acenocumarol was 81.1 (81.0 for female and 81.2 for males), with a CHA2DS2-VASc score of 4.5 points (5.1 female and 3.4 male, p=0.070). 23% of these patients who had previously taken acenocumarol and subsequently received an NOAC (3 patients) had an adequate INR control time and had not reported any significant bleeding.There were no significant differences between the CHA2DS2-VASc score of those who had been previously undergoing treatment with acenocoumarol and those who started directly with an NOAC (4.5 compared with 3.8, p=0.127), nor between their mean ages (81.1 compared with 76.3, p=0.112).In four of the 39 patients (10.3%), the scheduled dosing of NOACs was considered inadequate according to the patient and accepted guidelines. And two patients (5.1%) being treated with NOACs (apixaban) also took acetylsalicylic acid.In summary, the results of our study show that a high percentage of patients (66.7%) receive an NOAC prescription as their first oral anticoagulant therapy, without any of AEMPS’ recommendations that justify not having started anticoagulant therapy with a vitamin K antagonist being present in their clinical history. The results also found that NOACs and rivaroxaban in particular show a higher CHA2DS2-VASc score for women, which could be a reflection not only of the extra point that the table gives females, but perhaps of a different behaviour depending on the sex of the patient. Finally, the results show a significant percentage of dosage (10.3%) and prescription (5.1%) errors, which could increase the risk of bleeding.This study has limitations inherent to the small sample size available and its specific scope. But the data encourage further research, indicating that the prescription of NOACs is not conditioned only by evidence levels achieved so far, so should be closely monitored in these patients.Conflict of interestThe authors declare no conflict of interest." "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Conflict of interest" ] 1 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "Please cite this article as: Rodríguez Pérez L, Capilla Lozano F, Gallego Fuentes R, Buitrago F. Nuevos anticoagulantes en la población con fibrilación auricular en un centro de salud urbano. Med Clin (Barc). 2016;146:280–281." ] ] "multimedia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0005" "etiqueta" => "Table 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at1" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:1 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Rivaroxaban (n=17) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Apixaban (n=14) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Dabigatran (n=8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Totals \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Mean age (SD) years \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">75.2 (9.8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">80.9 (7.6) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">78.5 (13.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">77.9 (9.9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Female \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">78.0 (7.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">84.5 (3.1) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">79.5 (10.1) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">80.3 (7.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Male \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">71.1 (12.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">78.3 (9.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">77.5 (17.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">75.5 (11.8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="5" align="left" valign="top"></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">CHA2DS2-VASc score \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.4 (1.8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3.9 (1.1) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3.5 (1.2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.03 (1.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Female \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.1 (1.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.5 (1.2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3.5 (1.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.6 (1.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Male \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3.3 (1.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3.5 (0.9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3.5 (1.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3.4 (1.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab1393894.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "CHA2DS2-VASc scales scores by type of anticoagulant and sex." ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:7 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0040" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Worldwide epidemiology of atrial fibrillation: a Global Burden of Disease 2010 Study" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "S.S. 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ISSN: 2387-0206

Launched in 1943, Medicina Clínica is a fortnightly journal aimed at the promotion of clinical research and practice among internal medicine and other specialists. The key characteristics of Medicina Clínica are the scientific and methodological rigor of its manuscripts, the topicality of its contents, and, especially, its practical focus with highly useful information for clinical practice. Medicina Clínica is predominantly interested in publishing original research manuscripts, which are rigorously selected according to their quality, originality, and interest, and also in continued medical education-oriented manuscripts, which are commissioned by the journal to relevant authors (Editorials, Reviews, and Diagnosis and Treatment). These manuscripts contain updated topics with a major clinical or conceptual relevance in modern medicine. The journal adheres to the standards of academic research publications in all aspects including peer-review and ethical principles. Medicina Clínica is included in the General and Internal Medicine category of Thomson Reuters.

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