Letter to Editor
Clinical significance and prognosis of isolation of Candida spp. in venous catheters
Significado clínico y pronóstico del aislamiento de Candida spp. en catéteres venosos
Read
2
Timeswas read the article
0
Total PDF
2
Total HTML
Share statistics
array:24 [ "pii" => "S2387020616301334" "issn" => "23870206" "doi" => "10.1016/j.medcle.2015.04.007" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2016-01-15" "aid" => "3308" "copyright" => "Elsevier España, S.L.U.. All rights reserved" "copyrightAnyo" => "2015" "documento" => "simple-article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "cor" "cita" => "Med Clin. 2016;146:94-5" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S0025775315002584" "issn" => "00257753" "doi" => "10.1016/j.medcli.2015.04.015" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2016-01-15" "aid" => "3308" "copyright" => "Elsevier España, S.L.U." "documento" => "simple-article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "cor" "cita" => "Med Clin. 2016;146:94-5" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 22 "formatos" => array:2 [ "HTML" => 13 "PDF" => 9 ] ] "es" => array:10 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Carta al Editor</span>" "titulo" => "Significado clínico y pronóstico del aislamiento de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Candida</span> spp. en catéteres venosos" "tienePdf" => "es" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "es" "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "94" "paginaFinal" => "95" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Clinical significance and prognosis of isolation of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Candida</span> spp. in venous catheters" ] ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Ana Martínez-Vidal, M. Teresa Pérez-Rodríguez, Lucía Martínez-Lamas, Alberto Rivera" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Ana" "apellidos" => "Martínez-Vidal" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M. Teresa" "apellidos" => "Pérez-Rodríguez" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Lucía" "apellidos" => "Martínez-Lamas" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Alberto" "apellidos" => "Rivera" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "en" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S2387020616301334" "doi" => "10.1016/j.medcle.2015.04.007" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2387020616301334?idApp=UINPBA00004N" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0025775315002584?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/00257753/0000014600000002/v1_201601130113/S0025775315002584/v1_201601130113/es/main.assets" ] ] "itemSiguiente" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S2387020616301358" "issn" => "23870206" "doi" => "10.1016/j.medcle.2015.04.009" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2016-01-15" "aid" => "3316" "copyright" => "Elsevier España, S.L.U." "documento" => "simple-article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "cor" "cita" => "Med Clin. 2016;146:e7-8" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "en" => array:10 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Letter to the Editor</span>" "titulo" => "Mesalamine-induced myocarditis" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "e7" "paginaFinal" => "e8" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Miocarditis inducida por mesalazina" ] ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Juan Carlos Querol-Fernández, Guillermo Isasti" "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Juan Carlos" "apellidos" => "Querol-Fernández" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Guillermo" "apellidos" => "Isasti" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S0025775315002699" "doi" => "10.1016/j.medcli.2015.04.023" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0025775315002699?idApp=UINPBA00004N" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2387020616301358?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/23870206/0000014600000002/v1_201605240650/S2387020616301358/v1_201605240650/en/main.assets" ] "itemAnterior" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S2387020616301322" "issn" => "23870206" "doi" => "10.1016/j.medcle.2015.04.006" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2016-01-15" "aid" => "3290" "copyright" => "Elsevier España, S.L.U." "documento" => "simple-article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "cor" "cita" => "Med Clin. 2016;146:93-4" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "en" => array:10 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Letter to the Editor</span>" "titulo" => "Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "93" "paginaFinal" => "94" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Enfermedad de Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada" ] ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Jorge Ortiz Balbuena, Pablo Tutor de Ureta, Esther Rivera Ruiz, Susana Mellor Pita" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Jorge" "apellidos" => "Ortiz Balbuena" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Pablo" "apellidos" => "Tutor de Ureta" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Esther" "apellidos" => "Rivera Ruiz" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Susana" "apellidos" => "Mellor Pita" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S002577531500216X" "doi" => "10.1016/j.medcli.2015.04.005" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S002577531500216X?idApp=UINPBA00004N" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2387020616301322?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/23870206/0000014600000002/v1_201605240650/S2387020616301322/v1_201605240650/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:14 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Letter to Editor</span>" "titulo" => "Clinical significance and prognosis of isolation of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Candida</span> spp. in venous catheters" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "saludo" => "<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Dear Editor</span>," "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "94" "paginaFinal" => "95" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "Ana Martínez-Vidal, M. Teresa Pérez-Rodríguez, Lucía Martínez-Lamas, Alberto Rivera" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "Ana" "apellidos" => "Martínez-Vidal" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "anamartinezvidal27@gmail.com" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "M. Teresa" "apellidos" => "Pérez-Rodríguez" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Lucía" "apellidos" => "Martínez-Lamas" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Alberto" "apellidos" => "Rivera" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario Vigo, Hospital Xeral, Vigo, Spain" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Microbiología, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario Vigo, Hospital Xeral, Vigo, Spain" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Significado clínico y pronóstico del aislamiento de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Candida</span> spp. en catéteres venosos" ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Isolation in a catheter tip of a microorganism without simultaneous bacteremia requires no treatment, except in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Staphylococcus aureus</span>.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> In recent years several studies have been published showing an increasing risk of bacteremia also in patients with isolation of Gram-negative bacteria<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> or <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Candida.</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3–5</span></a> The aim of this study was to analyze the usefulness of Candida-score in patients with isolation of Candida from catheter with concurrent negative blood cultures.</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">From January 2009 to February 2013 patients with isolates in catheter were checked up through semiquantitative culture, >15<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ufc of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Candida</span> spp. Only cases with concurrent sterile blood cultures (±48<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h after catheter removal) were included. Patients were classified according to the Candida-score. Continuous variables were described as mean<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>standard deviation, and also as median and range, and they were compared using <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span>-student or Mann–Whitney <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">U</span> test. The categorical variables were compared using the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">χ</span><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> test or Fisher's exact test, as appropriate. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0 statistical package. The statistical significance was set at <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>≤<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.05.</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">31 isolates from 30 patients were identified. 87% of patients were admitted in critical care units (both medical and surgical ICUs), with a median hospitalization until catheter removal of 26 days (range 9–90 days). <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Candida</span> species most frequently isolated was <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Candida albicans</span> (74%), followed by <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Candida parapsilopsis</span> (19%) and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Candida glabrata</span> (7%). New blood cultures were removed in 24 patients (77%), showing bacteremia in 14 (58%) and candidemia in 2 (8%).</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">45% of patients showed Candida-score above 3. The demographic and clinical characteristics of patients grouped according to Candida-score are shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>. Patients with the highest Candida-score were older (age 46<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>192 years vs 70<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>10.3 years; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.001) and a higher percentage of antifungal treatment after isolation of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Candida</span> in the catheter (41% vs 86%; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.024). However, a higher rate of fungaemia (6% vs 7%, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.975), or higher mortality (29% vs 43%; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.477) were not reported.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Fungi constitute about 5–10% of microorganisms isolated from patients with catheter-related sepsis.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> However, the vascular source is the most frequent source of candidemia, around 40%.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0075"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> As in previous studies, the rate of patients with candidemia with central catheter colonization by <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Candida</span> spp. was low.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3–5</span></a> Although there is no recommendation to treat these isolates, a high percentage of patients, as in other studies, received antifungal treatment either prior to isolation (due to high Candida high-score) or after microbiological information.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3,4</span></a> This fact might have contributed to underestimate the actual rate of candidemia.</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The use of Candida-score has facilitated an early treatment for many patients with invasive fungal infection.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> In this study almost half of the patients had a Candida-score above 3. However, association between high scores and a higher risk of fungaemia could not be proved, probably because of the small sample size and the low rate of candidemia in these patients.</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Therefore, the rate of candidemia in patients with catheter colonization with Candida is low and Candida-score is not useful to identify patients at increased risk of fungaemia.</p></span>" "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Please cite this article as: Martínez-Vidal A, Pérez-Rodríguez MT, Martínez-Lamas L, Rivera A. Significado clínico y pronóstico del aislamiento de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Candida</span> spp. en catéteres venosos. Med Clin (Barc). 2016;146:94–95.</p>" ] ] "multimedia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0005" "etiqueta" => "Table 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at1" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:1 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Candida-score</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Candida-score</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>≥<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">(n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>17) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">(n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>14) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Male sex, n (%)</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">9 (53) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">10 (71) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.461 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Age (median</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">±</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">SD)</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">46<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>19.2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">70<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>10.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top"><0.001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Admission in ICU, n (%)</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">15 (88) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">12 (86) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Days of hospitalization (median, range)</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">24 (9–90) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">27 (12–90) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.799 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Days since insertion</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">14 (7–24) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">12 (5–26) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="4" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="4" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Candida-score, n (%)</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Parenteral nutrition \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">2 (12) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">11 (79) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top"><0.001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Septic shock \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1 (6) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">8 (57) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.002 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Previous antibiotics \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">15 (88) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">14 (100) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.488 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Abdominal surgery \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3 (18) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7 (50) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.121 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Multiple colonization with <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Candida</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5 (29) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7 (50) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.288 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="4" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="4" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Symptomatology, n (%)</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Asymptomatic \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1 (6) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Fever without a source \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">9 (53) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5 (36) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.473 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Local signs of infection \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">2 (12) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1 (7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Previous bacteremia \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1 (6) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3 (21) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.304 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="4" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="4" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Antifungal treatment, n (%)</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Previous \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3 (18) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5 (36) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.412 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Subsequent \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7 (41) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">12 (86) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.024 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Bacteremia \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7 (41) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7 (50) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.880 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Candidemia \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1 (6) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1 (7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.950 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Mortality \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5 (29) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6 (43) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.477 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab1062202.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Epidemiological characteristics of patients with <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Candida</span> spp. isolates in catheter.</p>" ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:8 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0045" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of intravascular catheter-related infection: 2009 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "L.A. Mermel" 1 => "M. Allon" 2 => "E. Bouza" 3 => "D.E. Craven" 4 => "P. Flynn" 5 => "N.P. O’Grady" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1086/599376" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Clin Infect Dis" "fecha" => "2009" "volumen" => "49" "paginaInicial" => "1" "paginaFinal" => "45" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19489710" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0050" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Bacteremic complications of intravascular catheter tip colonization with Gram-negative micro-organisms in patients without preceding bacteremia" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "A. Van Eck van der Sluijs" 1 => "J.J. Oosterheert" 2 => "M.B. Ekkelenkamp" 3 => "I.M. Hoepelman" 4 => "E.J. Peters" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1007/s10096-011-1401-0" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis" "fecha" => "2012" "volumen" => "31" "paginaInicial" => "1027" "paginaFinal" => "1033" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21909649" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0055" "etiqueta" => "3" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Is Candida colonization of central vascular catheters in non-candidemic, non-neutropenic patients an indication for antifungals" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "A. Pérez-Parra" 1 => "P. Muñoz" 2 => "J. Guinea" 3 => "P. Martín-Rabadán" 4 => "M. Guembe" 5 => "E. Bouza" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1007/s00134-009-1431-6" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Intensive Care Med" "fecha" => "2009" "volumen" => "35" "paginaInicial" => "707" "paginaFinal" => "712" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19205662" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0060" "etiqueta" => "4" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Candidemic complications in patients with intravascular catheters colonized with Candida species: an indication for preemptive antifungal therapy" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "N.H. Leenders" 1 => "J.J. Oosterheert" 2 => "M.B. Ekkelenkamp" 3 => "D.W. De Lange" 4 => "A.I. Hoepelman" 5 => "E.J. Peters" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.ijid.2011.03.009" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Int J Infect Dis" "fecha" => "2011" "volumen" => "15" "paginaInicial" => "e453" "paginaFinal" => "e458" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21530350" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0065" "etiqueta" => "5" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The risk of catheter-related bloodstream infection after withdrawal of colonized catheters is low" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "M. Guembe" 1 => "M. Rodríguez-Creixems" 2 => "P. Martín-Rabadán" 3 => "L. Alcala" 4 => "P. Muñoz" 5 => "E. Bouza" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1007/s10096-013-2004-8" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis" "fecha" => "2014" "volumen" => "33" "paginaInicial" => "729" "paginaFinal" => "734" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24173822" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0070" "etiqueta" => "6" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Changing epidemiology of central venous catheter-related bloodstream infections: increasing prevalence of Gram-negative pathogens" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "M. Marcos" 1 => "A. Soriano" 2 => "A. Inurrieta" 3 => "J.A. Martínez" 4 => "A. Romero" 5 => "N. Cobos" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1093/jac/dkr231" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Antimicrob Chemother" "fecha" => "2011" "volumen" => "66" "paginaInicial" => "2119" "paginaFinal" => "2125" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21665905" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0075" "etiqueta" => "7" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Candidemias: analisis multicéntrico en 16 hospitales andaluces" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "M.J. Rodríguez-Hernández" 1 => "M. Ruiz-Pérez de Pipaon" 2 => "M. Márquez-Solero" 3 => "P. Martín-Rico" 4 => "J.J. Castón-Osorio" 5 => "F.M. Guerrero-Sánchez" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.eimc.2010.12.003" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin" "fecha" => "2011" "volumen" => "29" "paginaInicial" => "328" "paginaFinal" => "333" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21477895" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 7 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0080" "etiqueta" => "8" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Infeccion fúngica invasiva en los pacientes ingresados en las áreas de críticos" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "J. Garnacho-Montero" 1 => "A. Díaz-Martín" 2 => "M. Ruíz-Pérez de Piappón" 3 => "E. García-Cabrera" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.eimc.2012.02.011" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin" "fecha" => "2012" "volumen" => "30" "paginaInicial" => "338" "paginaFinal" => "343" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22503211" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "url" => "/23870206/0000014600000002/v1_201605240650/S2387020616301334/v1_201605240650/en/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "43309" "tipo" => "SECCION" "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Letters to the Editor" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/23870206/0000014600000002/v1_201605240650/S2387020616301334/v1_201605240650/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00004N&text.app=https://www.elsevier.es/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2387020616301334?idApp=UINPBA00004N" ]
| Year/Month | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 March | 2 | 0 | 2 |
