Letter to the Editor
Study of the scientific production on Hantaviruses in Latin America and the Caribbean
Estudio de la producción científica sobre hantavirus en Latinoamérica y el Caribe
Yeimer Ortiz-Martínez
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Sucre, Sincelejo, Colombia
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"figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1850 "Ancho" => 3564 "Tamanyo" => 401480 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">World distribution of hantavirus research in PubMed/Medline and trends in scientific production time in Latin America and the Caribbean in LILACS and SciELO (1990–2016).</p>" ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Hantaviruses (hantavirus genus, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Bunyaviridae</span> family) are zoonotic pathogens that have as a characteristic their association with specific rodents, which are their natural hosts and reservoirs. The form of transmission is the inhalation of aerosols from excreta of infected rodents, as the virus is eliminated through these animals’ saliva, urine and stools. They are the etiological agents of 2 syndromes geographically distributed: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Europe and Asia, and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) in America.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> The Andes virus (ANDV) is considered the main hantavirus in South America. A total of 963 cases were detected in Chile between 1993 and 2015, with an incidence ranging from 0.17 to 0.53 cases per 100,000 inhabitants.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> Although its incidence is low, it produces a high mortality rate, which fluctuates between 30% and 50%; for that reason, the disease caused by hantavirus is considered a serious public health problem in Chile and also constitutes a threat in Latin America, where cases have been reported in at least 9 countries, including Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Panama, Uruguay and Venezuela.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a></p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">With the objective of evaluating the development of research and scientific publication on hantavirus in Latin America and the Caribbean, a cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out through a bibliometric analysis of all articles published between 1990 and 2016 in the most important biomedical databases: SciELO, LILACS and Medline/PubMed (via GoPubMed<span class="elsevierStyleSup">®</span>), using the term “Hantavirus” (MeSH, DeCS) as search strategy in English, Spanish and Portuguese.</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A total of 148 articles were found in SciELO, of which 58 came from Brazil (39.18%), 43 from Chile (29.05%), 14 from Argentina (9.45%), 6 from Colombia (4.05%) and 3 from Mexico (2.02%), with an annual production of 6.72<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4.27. The LILACS search yielded 295 studies (31.86% of Brazil, 30.5% of Chile, 20% of Argentina, 3.38% of Colombia and 2.37% of Paraguay), with an annual production of 6.57<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>5.50. On the other hand, globally, in PubMed/Medline (using GoPubMed<span class="elsevierStyleSup">®</span>) 3835 documents were found, 124 (3.23%) from Latin American countries (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>), with Brazil being the leader (38.7%), followed by Chile (23.38%), Argentina (2.61%), Cuba (1.61%), Costa Rica (1.61%) and Venezuela (1.61%), with an annual output of 4.76<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2.23 articles.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Despite the limitations of the study, the results show a low scientific production on hantavirus in Latin America and the Caribbean, as previously reported in bibliometric studies of other infectious diseases.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3,4</span></a> Brazil has the highest scientific production in the region and, observing the publications’ behaviour over time (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>), there is a clear downward trend in the last 3 years.</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">It is important to take into account that the serological identification of hantavirus and the circulation of rodents that transmit it in other Latin American countries make it a high-risk area regarding the occurrence of HCPS cases and, in Chile, the recent discovery of new reservoirs highlights the infectious potential of the virus in a wide range of hosts.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> For this reason, it is important to increase research on this virus in humans, as well as in rodents, so as to intensify epidemiological surveillance measures, training health workers in identifying and suspecting infection, decreasing mortality rates and preventing the spread of new cases in susceptible populations.</p></span>" "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Please cite this article as: Ortiz-Martínez Y. Estudio de la producción científica sobre hantavirus en Latinoamérica y el Caribe. Med Clin (Barc). 2017;148:575–576.</p>" ] ] "multimedia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Fig. 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "fuente" => "<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Source</span>: GoPubMed<span class="elsevierStyleSup">®</span>." 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