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Inicio Medicina de Familia. SEMERGEN Prevalence, impact and management of hypertension-mediated organ damage in type ...
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Vol. 50. Issue 6.
(September 2024)
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Vol. 50. Issue 6.
(September 2024)
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Prevalence, impact and management of hypertension-mediated organ damage in type 2 diabetes patients
Prevalencia, impacto y manejo del daño orgánico mediado por la hipertensión en pacientes con diabetes tipo 2
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A.A. Romero-Secina,b, J. Díez-Espinob,c, M.A. Prieto-Díazd, V. Pallares-Carratalae,
Corresponding author
pallares.vic@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, A. Barquilla-Garcíaf, R.M. Micó-Pérezg, J. Polo-Garcíah, S.M. Velilla-Zancadai, V. Martín-Sanchezj, A. Segura-Fragosok, L. Ginel-Mendozal, V.M. Arce-Vazquezm, S. Cinza-Sanjurjon,o
a Specialist in Family and Community Medicine, Colloto Health Clinic, Principality of Asturias Health Service, Asturias, Spain
b Fundacion redGEDAPS, Spain
c Specialist in Family and Community Medicine, Tafalla Health Center, Tafalla, Navarrese Health Service, Navarra, Spain
d Specialist in Family and Community Medicine, Vallobín-La Florida Health Center, Principality of Asturias Health Service, Asturias, Spain
e Department of Medicine, Jaume I University, Castellon, Spain
f Specialist in Family and Community Medicine, Trujillo Health Center, Extremadura Health Service, Cáceres, Spain
g Specialist in Family and Community Medicine, Fontanars dels Alforins Health Center, Xàtiva–Ontinyent Department of Health, Valencia, Spain
h Specialist in Family and Community Medicine, Casar de Cáceres Health Center, Extremadura Health Service, Cáceres, Spain
i Specialist in Family and Community Medicine, Joaquin Elizalde Health Center, Rioja Health Service, Logroño, La Rioja, Spain
j Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, Epidemiology and Public Health Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERESP), León, Spain
k Epidemiology Unit, Semergen Research Agency, Madrid, Spain
l Specialist in Family and Community Medicine, Ciudad Jardín Health Center, Málaga, Spain
m Centro de investigación en medicina molecular y enfermedades crónicas (CIMUS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
n Specialist in Family and Community Medicine, Milladoiro Health Centre, Health Area of Santiago de Compostela, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), A Coruña, Spain
o Networking Biomedical Research, Centre-Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Tables (4)
Table 1. Baseline clinical characteristics according to the presence of T2DM.
Table 2. Prevalence of HMOD in patients with T2DM according to sex.
Table 3. Risk of cardiovascular risk factors and HMOD in patients with T2DM (vs no T2DM).
Table 4. Prevalence and risk of cardiovascular risk factors and HMOD in patients with T2DM according to the presence of HMOD.
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Abstract
Objective

To determine the prevalence, impact and management of hypertension-mediated organ damage (HMOD) according to the presence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM).

Methods

IBERICAN is an ongoing multicenter, observational and prospective study, including outpatients aged 18–85 years who attended the Primary Care setting in Spain. In this study, the prevalence, impact and management of HMOD according to the presence of T2DM at baseline were analyzed.

Results

At baseline, 8066 patients (20.2% T2DM, 28.6% HMOD) were analyzed. Among patients with T2DM, 31.7% had hypertension, 29.8% dyslipidemia and 29.4% obesity and 49.3% had ≥1 HMOD, mainly high pulse pressure (29.6%), albuminuria (16.2%) and moderate renal impairment (13.6%). The presence of T2DM significantly increased the risk of having CV risk factors and HMOD. Among T2DM population, patients with HMOD had more dyslipidemia (78.2% vs 70.5%; P=0.001), hypertension (75.4% vs 66.4%; P=0.001), any CV disease (39.6% vs 16.1%; P=0.001) and received more drugs. Despite the majority of types of glucose-lowering agents were more frequently taken by those patients with HMOD, compared to the total T2DM population, the use of SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists was marginal.

Conclusions

In patients daily attended in primary care setting in Spain, one in five patients had T2DM and nearly half of these patients had HMOD. In patients with T2DM, the presence of HMOD was associated with a higher risk of CV risk factors and CV disease. Despite the very high CV risk, the use of glucose-lowering agents with proven CV benefit was markedly low.

Keywords:
Cardiovascular
Diabetes
GLP-1 receptor agonists
SGLT2 inhibitors
Hypertension-mediated organ damage
Resumen
Objetivo

Determinar la prevalencia, impacto y manejo del daño orgánico mediado por hipertensión (HMOD) según la presencia de diabetes tipo 2 (DM2).

Métodos

IBERICAN es un estudio multicéntrico, observacional y prospectivo, que incluye pacientes entre 18 y 85 años que acuden a consultas de atención primaria en España. En este estudio se analizó la prevalencia, el impacto y el manejo de la HMOD según la presencia de DM2 al inicio del estudio.

Resultados

Se analizaron 8,066 pacientes (20,2% DM2, 28,6% HMOD). Entre los pacientes con DM2, el 31.7% tenía hipertensión, el 29,8% dislipidemia, el 29,4% obesidad y el 49,3% tenía1 HMOD, principalmente presión de pulso elevada (29,6%), albuminuria (16,2%) e insuficiencia renal moderada (13,6%). La presencia de DM2 aumentó significativamente el riesgo de tener factores de riesgo cardiovasculares y HMOD. Entre la población con DM2, los pacientes con HMOD tenían más dislipidemia (78,2% frente a 70,5%; p=0,001), hipertensión (75,4% frente a 66,4%; p=0,001), cualquier enfermedad cardiovascular (39,6% frente a 16,1%; p=0,001) y recibieron más fármacos. A pesar de que los pacientes con HMOD tomaban con mayor frecuencia la mayoría de los tipos de agentes hipoglucemiantes, en comparación con la población total de DM2, el uso de inhibidores de SGLT2 y agonistas del receptor de GLP-1 fue marginal.

Conclusiones

En los pacientes atendidos diariamente en atención primaria en España, uno de cada 5 pacientes tenía DM2 y casi la mitad de estos pacientes tenían HMOD. En pacientes con DM2, la presencia de HMOD se asoció con un mayor riesgo de factores de riesgo cardiovasculares y enfermedad cardiovascular. A pesar del riesgo cardiovascular muy alto, el uso de agentes hipoglucemiantes con beneficio cardiovascular demostrado fue notablemente bajo.

Palabras clave:
Cardiovascular
Diabetes
Agonistas del receptor GLP-1
Inhibidores de los SGLT2
Daño orgánico mediado por hipertensión arterial

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