Letter to the Editor
Reply
Réplica
José María Trejo-Gabriel-Galán
Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario de Burgos, Avda. Islas Baleares, 3, 09006 Burgos, Spain
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Barrios-López, I. Rego-García, M.D. Fernández Pérez" "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J.M." "apellidos" => "Barrios-López" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "I." "apellidos" => "Rego-García" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M.D." "apellidos" => "Fernández Pérez" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "en" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S2173580821001218" "doi" => "10.1016/j.nrleng.2021.04.001" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173580821001218?idApp=UINPBA00004N" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0213485321000633?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/02134853/0000003600000007/v1_202108290608/S0213485321000633/v1_202108290608/es/main.assets" ] "en" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Letter to the Editor</span>" "titulo" => "Reply" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "saludo" => "Dear Editor:" "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "564" "paginaFinal" => "565" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "autoresLista" => "José María Trejo-Gabriel-Galán" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "José María" "apellidos" => "Trejo-Gabriel-Galán" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "jtrejogyg@gmail.com" ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario de Burgos, Avda. Islas Baleares, 3, 09006 Burgos, Spain" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Réplica" ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In the letter to editor with title “COVID related strokes: Pandora's Box may open as the p(c)lot thickens”, to the COVID-19-specific stroke etiologies that have been hypothesized (prothrombotic state, cardiomyopathy, endothelial damage, sepsis with hypothension), another one is added: pulmonary hypertension that would cause or increase a right-to-left shunt through an until then incidental patent formamen ovale (PFO). Chronic pulmonary hypertension increases the risk of stroke<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> but COVID-19-associated pulmonary hypertension is usually transient and there is debate about an increased risk of stroke with larger PFO or bigger right-to-left shunts.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2,3</span></a> Additionally to paradoxical embolism, pulmonary hypertension is associated to atrial fibrilation and polycithemia, which need different treatments to reduce their stroke risk. We have yet few data about the increase in stroke risk that the proposed mechanism – or other related to COVID 19 – will add. Until it is clarified we should be vigilant and include an echocardiogram in the study of COVID-19-related strokes, not only due to PFO and pulmonary hypertension but to COVID-19-associated cardiomiopathy.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a></p><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Funding</span><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This research has not received specific support from public sector, commercial or non-profit agencies.</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Conflict of interest</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">None declared.</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">COVID-19 related strokes</span></p></span></span>" "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Funding" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Conflict of interest" ] 2 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0015" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:4 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0025" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The association between pulmonary hypertension and stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "T.G. Shah" 1 => "J.M. Sutaria" 2 => "M.V. Vyas" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.07.085" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Int J Cardiol" "fecha" => "2019" "volumen" => "295" "paginaInicial" => "21" "paginaFinal" => "24" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31402157" "web" => "Medline" ] ] "itemHostRev" => array:3 [ "pii" => "S000293431830545X" "estado" => "S300" "issn" => "00029343" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0030" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Effect of medical treatment in stroke patients with patent foramen ovale: patent foramenovale in Cryptogenic Stroke Study" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "S. Homma" 1 => "R.L. Sacco" 2 => "M.R. Di Tullio" 3 => "R.R. Sciacca" 4 => "J.P. Mohr" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1161/01.cir.0000017498.88393.44" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Circulation" "fecha" => "2002" "volumen" => "105" "paginaInicial" => "2625" "paginaFinal" => "2631" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12045168" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0035" "etiqueta" => "3" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Transesophageal echocardiography in cryptogenic stroke and patent foramen ovale: analysis of putative high-risk features from the risk of paradoxical embolism database" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "B.S. Wessler" 1 => "D.E. Thaler" 2 => "R. Ruthazer" 3 => "C. Weimar" 4 => "M.R. Di Tullio" 5 => "M.S. Elkind" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1161/CIRCIMAGING.113.000807" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Circ Cardiovasc Imaging" "fecha" => "2014" "volumen" => "7" "paginaInicial" => "125" "paginaFinal" => "131" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24214884" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0040" "etiqueta" => "4" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Apical takotsubo cardiomyopathy in a COVID-19 patient presenting with stroke: a case report and pathophysiologic insights" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "P.T. Kariyanna" 1 => "H.P. Chandrakumar" 2 => "A. Jayarangaiah" 3 => "A. Khan" 4 => "V. Vulkanov" 5 => "M. 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