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Vol. 25. Issue 5.
Pages 287-294 (January 2010)
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Vol. 25. Issue 5.
Pages 287-294 (January 2010)
Original Article
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Study of neurovascular contact in essential hemifacial spasm: an example of CISS sequence and magnetic resonance angiography
Estudio por resonancia magnética del contacto neurovascular en el espasmo hemifacial esencial: empleo de secuencia CISS y angiografía por resonancia magnética
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M. Gorriño Anguloa,
Corresponding author
mgorri@seram.org

Corresponding author.
, F. Sádaba Garayb, L. Oleaga Zufiriac, O. Gorriño Angulod, J.J. Gómez Mugad, N. Bermejo Espinosad
a Departamento de Radiología, Hospital Galdakao-Usansolo, Galdakao, Bizkaia, Spain
b Departamento de Neurología, Hospital Basurto, Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain
c Departamento de Radiología, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
d Departamento de Radiología, Hospital Basurto, Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain
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Abstract
Background and purpose

The purpose of this article is to assess the validity of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) CISS 3D sequence associated with 3D time of flight (TOF) angiographic sequence in order to detect neurovascular contact (NVC) between the facial nerve and neighbouring arteries in patients with essential hemifacial spasm (HFS) and to determine the relationship between HFS symptoms and NVC and NVC image features (type, number and site).

Materials and methods

We prospectively enrolled 120 cerebellopontine angle (CPA) MRI studies, 44 cases with HFS symptoms and 76 which were asymptomatic (controls), using axial T2-weighted (CISS) and axial 3D TOF series with associated Maximal intensity (MIP) reconstructions. Prior TOF angiographic studies were available for 56 cases without associated CISS images and the results obtained from that study were compared with the results of the current study.

Results

The diagnostic values obtained significantly favoured the protocol used in this study, which demonstrated a sensitivity of 77.27% and a specificity of 75%. There was a statistically significant relationship between the presence of NVC and HFS symptoms (p<0.0001). Only one statistically significant relationship was found between facial nerve displacement (in type of NVC) and HFS symptoms (p=0.019).

Conclusions

The proposed MRI protocol is sensitive and valid for detecting NVC in patients with HFS. The results of our study support a relationship between NVC and HFS symptoms. It is not a simple relationship, however. It may be influenced by other factors, such as displacement of the facial nerve due to NVC.

Keywords:
Constructive interference at steady state
Neurovascular contact
Essential hemifacial spasm
Magnetic resonance imaging
Time of flight
Resumen
Objetivos

Evaluar la validez de la secuencia CISS 3D de resonancia magnética (RM) en relación con secuencias angiográficas TOF 3D para la detección del contacto neurovascular (CNV) entre el nervio facial y las arterias vecinas en pacientes con espasmo hemifacial esencial (EHE) y determinar la asociación entre la presencia de síntomas de EHE y el CNV y las características de imagen del CNV (tipo, número y localización).

Material y métodos

Se han estudiado prospectivamente 120 ángulos pontocerebelosos (APC), 44 con clínica de EHE y 76 asintomáticos (controles), mediante el empleo de una serie axial potenciada en T2 (CISS) y una serie axial con técnica angiográfica TOF 3D con reconstrucciones MIP; 56 de estos APC tenían un estudio angiográfico TOF previo y se compararon sus resultados con los del estudio actual.

Resultados

Los valores diagnósticos obtenidos fueron significativos a favor del protocolo del presente trabajo que mostró una sensibilidad del 77,27% y una especificidad del 75%. Se demostró una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre la presencia de CNV y la clínica de EHE (p<0,0001). Entre las características del CNV estudiadas, únicamente se halló una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre el desplazamiento del nervio facial (dentro de tipo de CNV) y la clínica de EHE (p=0,019).

Conclusiones

El protocolo de RM propuesto es sensible y válido para detectar CNV en pacientes con EHE. Los resultados de nuestro estudio apoyan la asociación entre el CNV y la clínica de EHE, si bien no se trata de una asociación simple, sino que puede estar influida por otros factores, como el desplazamiento del nervio facial producido por el CNV.

Palabras clave:
Constructive interference at steady state
Contacto neurovascular
Espasmo hemifacial esencial
Resonancia magnética
Time of flight
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Copyright © 2010. Sociedad Española de Neurología
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