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Vol. 25. Issue 2.
Pages 71-77 (March 2010)
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Vol. 25. Issue 2.
Pages 71-77 (March 2010)
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Clinical characteristics and presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (anticardiolipin-β2GP-1) cerebrospinal fluid and serum of in a series of patients with multiple sclerosis in Mexico
Características clínicas y anticuerpos antifosfolipídicos (anticardiolipina-β2GP-1) en líquido cefalorraquídeo y suero en una muestra de pacientes con esclerosis múltiple en México
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Paul Carrillo-Moraa,
Corresponding author
neuropolaco@yahoo.com.mx

Author for correspondence.
, Adriana González-Villalvab
a Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, Mexico City, Mexico
b Departamento de Biología Celular y Tisular, Facultad de Medicina UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
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Abstract
Introduction

The differential diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) includes a wide variety of autoimmune diseases (systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren syndrome, antiphospholipid syndrome, etc.). The presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (APLA) in serum of MS patients has been reported to be as low as 10%, or sometimes as high as 88% of the cases, although its significance in the pathogenesis of the disease, or its diagnostic usefulness is still unknown. The goal of this study was to describe the clinic and demographic characteristics of a sample of patients with MS from the Hospital General de México (HGM), as well as to determine the presence and frequency of APLA in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum samples of these patients.

Patients and methods

A prospective study with patients from the Neurology Department at the HGM was performed. These patients were diagnosed with MS over a one-year period. Clinical and demographic characteristics were compiled. VDRL and anti-cardiolipin-β2GP-1 complex antibodies were analyzed in CSF and serum samples.

Results

Twelve patients were included in the study, the majority females (58%). The predominant clinic feature was optic neuritis (66.6%) followed by medullary involvement (58%). Most of patients were ambulatory (< 4 EDSS points). Auto-antibody levels were found in negative ranges in all cases, both in CSF and serum.

Conclusions

The clinical-demographic characteristics in patients studied in this work were similar to those previously reported, and the levels of anti-cardiolipin-β2GP-1 were negative, thus indicating the existence of different clinical and demographic variables influencing their detection.

Keywords:
Antiphospholipid antibodies
β2GP-1
Cardiolipin
Multiple sclerosis
Mexico
Resumen
Introducción

El diagnóstico diferencial de la esclerosis múltiple (EM) incluye una gran variedad de enfermedades autoinmunitarias (lupus eritematoso sistémico, síndrome de Sjögren, síndrome antifosfolipídico, etc.). Los anticuerpos antifosfolipídicos (AAFL) en el suero de pacientes con EM se encuentran en cifras tan bajas como en el 10% y tan altas como en el 88% de los casos, pero su significación en la patogenia de la enfermedad o su utilidad diagnóstica aún no se han establecido. El objetivo fue conocer las características clínicas y demográficas de una muestra de pacientes con EM del Hospital General de México (HGM), y determinar presencia y frecuencia de anticuerpos antifosfolipídicos en líquido cefalorraquídeo y suero de estos pacientes.

Pacientes y métodos

Se realizó un estudio prospectivo con pacientes captados en la consulta externa de neurología del HGM, con diagnóstico definido de EM a lo largo de 1 año. Se analizaron sus características clinicodemográficas y se determinó VDRL y anticuerpos anticomplejo cardiolipina-β2GP-1 en LCR y suero.

Resultados

Se incluyó a 12 pacientes, con predominio del sexo femenino (58%). El cuadro clínico predominante fue la neuritis óptica (66,6%) seguida de la afección medular (58%). La mayoría de los pacientes fueron ambulatorios (< 4 puntos EDSS). Los títulos de los autoanticuerpos fueron negativos en todos los casos, tanto en LCR como en sangre.

Conclusiones

Las características clinicodemográficas en la muestra de este estudio son semejantes a las comunicadas con anterioridad y las concentraciones de anticardiolipina-β2GP-1 fueron negativas, lo cual puede indicar que hay diversas variables clínicas y demográficas que influyen en su detección.

Palabras clave:
Antifosfolípidos
Anti-β2GP-1
Anticardiolipina
Esclerosis múltiple
México
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