metricas
covid
Buscar en
Neurología (English Edition)
Toda la web
Inicio Neurología (English Edition) Freezing of gait unresponsive to dopaminergic stimulation in patients with sever...
Journal Information
Vol. 25. Issue 1.
Pages 27-31 (January - February 2010)
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Vol. 25. Issue 1.
Pages 27-31 (January - February 2010)
Original Article
Full text access
Freezing of gait unresponsive to dopaminergic stimulation in patients with severe Parkinsonism
Bloqueos de la marcha sin respuesta al estímulo dopaminérgico con apomorfina en pacientes parkinsonianos grave
Visits
1560
J. Vaamonde Gamo
Corresponding author
juliavaamonde@hotmail.com

Author for correspondence.
, J.P. Cabello, M.J. Gallardo Alcañiz, J.M. Flores Barragan, S. Carrasco García de León, R.E. Ibañez Alonso
Servicio de Neurología, Hospital General de Ciudad Real, Ciudad Real, Spain
This item has received
Article information
Abstract
Introduction

Freezing of gait unresponsive to dopaminergic stimulation in patients with severe Parkinsonism. The freezing of gait episodes (FOG) normally appear during the “off” period and generally improve with dopaminergic stimulus, at the same time as improving other Parkinsonian symptoms.

Patients and methods

We report a group of 10 patients with severe Parkinson's disease. All patients suffered motor fluctuations, dyskinesias and episodes of FOG during the “on” and “off” state. The patients received a subcutaneous apomorphine bolus, without other dopaminergic medication; an effective dose of apomorphine was considered as one that induced a reduction of at least a 60% in the UPDRS motor scale.

Results

The baseline motor UPDRS was 61.3±4.7, which dropped to 21±4.3 after the apomorphine injection. The mean dose of apomorphine was 5.5mg (3–7mg). The bolus of apomorphine improved the parameters of the gait related to bradykinesia and the tapping tests of the limbs, but the episodes of FOG did not vary significantly between the “off” and “on” state.

Conclusions

We present a group of 10 patients with freezing of gait episodes that did not improve with treatment and persisted during the “on” period induced by dopaminergic stimulus with apomorphine.

Keywords:
Parkinson's disease
Freezing
Apomorphine
Resumen
Introducción

Los episodios de congelación de la marcha (CDM) normalmente aparecen durante el “off” y en general mejoran con tratamiento dopaminérgico a la par que mejoran otros síntomas parkinsonianos.

Pacientes y métodos

Presentamos un grupo de 10 pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson de larga evolución con episodios de CDM. Todos los pacientes presentaban las complicaciones motrices habituales tras años de enfermedad y tratamiento. En todos los pacientes, el síntoma más incapacitante era la aparición de episodios de CDM (freezing) durante el “on”. Los pacientes fueron sometidos a un test agudo de apomorfina por vía subcutánea; se consideró dosis eficaz la que inducía la reducción de al menos un 60% en la escala de motricidad de la UPDRS.

Resultados

La UPDRS-III basal fue de 61,3±4,7, que se reducía a 21±4,3 tras la inyección de apomorfina s.c. a una dosis media de 5,5mg (intervalo, 3–7mg). Durante el “on” inducido por la inyección s.c. de apomorfina mejoraron los parámetros de la marcha relacionados con la bradicinesia, así como el tapping, también en extremidades inferiores, pero los episodios de CDM no variaron de forma significativa.

Conclusiones

Presentamos un grupo de 10 pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson de larga evolución con episodios de CDM que persistían durante el “on, sin respuesta al estímulo dopaminérgico.

Palabras clave:
Enfermedad de Parkinson
Bloqueos de la marcha
Apomorfina
Full text is only aviable in PDF
References
[1.]
N. Giladi, J.M. Hausdorff, Y. Balash.
Episodic and continuous gait disturbances in Parkinson's disease.
The scientific basis for the treatment of Parkinson's disease,
[2.]
J.G. Nutt, D. Marsden, P.D. Thompson.
Human walking and higher level gait disorders particularly in the elderly.
Neurology, 43 (1993), pp. 268-279
[3.]
C.D. Marsden, P.D. Thompson.
Toward a nosology of gait disorders: descriptive classification.
Gait disorders of aging. Falls and therapeutic strategies, pp. 135-146
[4.]
T. Wichmann, M.R. DeLong.
Functional neuroanatomy of the basal ganglia in Parkinson's disease.
Adv Neurol, 91 (2003), pp. 9-18
[5.]
J. Parkinson.
An essay on the shaking palsy.
Sherwood, Neely and Jones, (1817),
[6.]
W.C. Koller.
An essay on the shaking palsy: James Parkinson's description compared to current concepts.
Neurology, 33 (1983), pp. 150
[7.]
L.M. Ambani, M.H. Van Woert.
Start hesitation – a side effect of long-term levodopa therapy.
N Engl J Med, 288 (1973), pp. 1113-1115
[8.]
J.D. Schaafsma, Y. Balash, T. Gurevich, A.L. Bartels, J.M. Hausdorff, N. Giladi.
Characterization of freezing of gait subtypes and the response of each to levodopa in Parkinson's disease.
Eur J Neurol, 10 (2003), pp. 391-398
[9.]
N. Giladi, H. Shabthai, E. Rozenberg, E. Shabthai.
Gait festination in Parkinson's disease.
Parkinsonism Relat Disord, 7 (2001), pp. 135-138
[10.]
B. Bloem, J. Van Vuggt, D. Beckley.
Postural instability and falls in Parkinson's disease.
Adv Neurol, 87 (2001), pp. 209-223
[11.]
G. Selby.
The long term prognosis of Parkinson's disease.
Clin Exp Neurol, 20 (1984), pp. 1-25
[12.]
N. Giladi, R. Kao, S. Fahn.
Freezing phenomenon in patients with parkinsonian syndromes.
Mov Disord, 12 (1997), pp. 302-305
[13.]
P. Lamberti, S. Armenise, Castaldo, M. Vde Mari, G. Iliceto, P. Tronci, et al.
Freezing gait in Parkinson's disease.
Eur Neurol, 38 (1997), pp. 297-301
[14.]
Y. Okuma, N. Yanagisawa.
The clinical spectrum of freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease.
Mov Disord, 23 (2008), pp. 426-430
[15.]
A.L. Bartels, Y. Balash, T. Gurevich, J.D. Schaafsma, J.M. Hausdorff, N. Giladi.
Relationships between freezing of gait (FOG) and other features of Parkinson's disease. FOG is not correlated with bradykinesia.
J Clin Neurosci, 10 (2003), pp. 584-588
[16.]
N. Giladi, T.A. Treves, S.E. Simon, H. Shabtai, Y. Orlov.
Freezing of gait in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease.
J Neural Trasm, 108 (2001), pp. 53-61
[17.]
A. Barbeau.
Six years of high-level levodopa therapy in severely akinetic parkinsonian patients.
Arch Neurol, 33 (1976), pp. 333-338
[18.]
S. Factor, D.L. Jennings, E.S. Molho, K.L. Marek.
The natural history of the syndrome of primary progressive freezing gait.
Arch Neurol, 59 (2002), pp. 1778-1783
[19.]
H. Imai.
Syndrome of pure akinesia or freezing phenomenon without rigidity and tremor and with no effect of L-Dopa therapy.
Adv Neurol Res (Tokyo), 24 (1980), pp. 838-848
[20.]
M. Plotnik, J.M. Hausdorff.
The role of gait rhythmicity and bilateral coordination of stepping in the pathophysiology of freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease.
Mov Disord, 23 (2008), pp. S444-S450
[21.]
N. Giladi, J.M. Haussdorff.
The role of mental function in the pathogenesis of freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease.
J Neurol Sci, 248 (2006), pp. 173-176
[22.]
H. Matsui, F. Udaka, T. Miyoshi, N. Hara, A. Tamaura.
Threedimensional stereotactic surgace projection study of freezing of gait and perfusion image in Parkinson's disease.
Mov Disord, 20 (2005), pp. 1272-1277
[23.]
C. Huang, P. Mattis, C. Tang, K. Perrine, M. Carbon, D. Eidelberg.
Metabolic brain networks associated with cognitive function in Parkinson's disease.
Neuroimage, 34 (2007), pp. 714-723
[24.]
P.A. Pahapill, A.M. Lozano.
The pedunculopontine nucleus and Parkinson's disease.
Brain, 123 (2000), pp. 1767-1783
[25.]
S.H. Kuo, K.C. Jankovic.
Bilateral pedunculopontine nuclei strokes presenting as freezing of gait.
Mov Disord, 23 (2008), pp. 616-619
[26.]
A. Nieuwboer, R. Domn, W. De Weerdt, K. Desloovere, L. Janssens, V. Stijin.
Electromyographic profiles of gait prior to onset of freezing episodes in patients with Parkinson's disease.
Brain, 127 (2004), pp. 1650-1660
[27.]
G.M. Stern, C.M. Lander, A.J. Lees.
Akinetic freezing and trick movements in Parkinson's disease.
J Neural Transm Suppl, 16 (1980), pp. 137-141
[28.]
M. Hallet.
The intrinsic and extrinsic aspects of freezing of gait.
Mov Disord, 22 (2008), pp. S439-S443
[29.]
K. Sacco, F. Cauda, L. Cerliani, D. Mate, S. Duca, G.C. Germiniani.
Motor imagery of walking following training in locomotor attention The effect of “the tango lesson”.
Neuroimage, 32 (2006), pp. 1441-1449
[30.]
R. Camicioli, B.S. Oken, O. Sexton, J.A. Kaye, J.G. Nutt.
Verbal fluency task affects gait in Parkinson's disease with motor freezing.
J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol, 11 (1998), pp. 181-185
[31.]
O. Rascol, D.J. Brooks, A.D. Korczyn, P.P. DeDeyn, C.E. Clarke, A.E. Lang, The 056 study group.
A five year study of the incidence of dyskinesia in patients with early Parkinson's disease who were treated with ropinirole or levodopa.
N Engl J Med, 342 (2003), pp. 1484-1491
[32.]
The Parkinson Study Group.
Pramipexole vs. levodopa as initial treatment for Parkinson's disease. A 4-year randomized controlled trial.
Arch Neurol, 61 (2004), pp. 1044-1053
[33.]
N. Giladi, M.P. McDemott, S. Fahn, J. Przedborski.
Freezing of gait in PD: prospective assessment in the DATATOP cohort.
Neurology, 56 (2001), pp. 1712-1721
[34.]
L.W. Elmer, J.M. Bertoni.
The increasing role of monoamine oxidase type B inhibitors in Parkinson's disease therapy.
Expert Opin Pharmacother, 9 (2008), pp. 2759-2772
[35.]
E. Auriel, J.M. Hausdorff, T. Herman, E.S. Simon, N. Giladi.
Effects of methylphenidate on cognitive function and gait in patients with Parkinson's disease. A pilot study.
Clin Neuropharmacol, 29 (2006), pp. 15-17
[36.]
M. Kitagawa, H. Houzen, K. Tashiro.
Effects of caffeine on the freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease.
Mov Disord, 22 (2007), pp. 710-720
[37.]
M. Wieler, R. Camicioli, C.A. Jones, W.R. Martin.
Botulinum toxin injections do not improve freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease.
[38.]
P. Krack, A. Batir, N. Van Blercom, S. Chabardes, V. Fraix, C. Ardouin, et al.
Five-year follow-up of bilateral stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in advanced Parkinson's disease.
N Engl J Med, 349 (2003), pp. 1925-1934
[39.]
P. Pahapill, A.M. Lozano.
The pedunculopontine nucleus and Parkinson's disease.
Brain, 123 (2000), pp. 1767-1783
[40.]
A. Nieuwboer, G. Kwakkel, L. Rochester, D. Jones, E. Van Wegen, A.M. Willems, et al.
Cueing training in the home improves gaitrelated mobility in Parkinson's disease: the RESCUE trial.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 78 (2007), pp. 134-140
Copyright © 2010. Sociedad Española de Neurología
Download PDF
Article options
es en pt

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?

Você é um profissional de saúde habilitado a prescrever ou dispensar medicamentos