covid
Buscar en
Progresos de Obstetricia y Ginecología
Toda la web
Inicio Progresos de Obstetricia y Ginecología Prevalencia de infección por el virus de la hepatitis C en pacientes a las que ...
Journal Information
Vol. 47. Issue 2.
Pages 77-82 (January 2004)
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Vol. 47. Issue 2.
Pages 77-82 (January 2004)
Full text access
Prevalencia de infección por el virus de la hepatitis C en pacientes a las que se practicó cirugía obstétrica y ginecológica en un hospital de tercer nivel
Prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in patients undergoing obstetric-gynecological surgery in a third level hospital
Visits
3378
M. Campinsa,
Corresponding author
magca@jet.es

Correspondencia: C/ Dr. Roux, 103, ático. 08017 Barcelona. España
, M.D. Reinaa, J. Vaquéa, J.M. Elorzaa, I. Estebanb, L. Caberoc, J. Xercavinsc
a Servicio de Medicina Preventiva y Epidemiología. Hospital Vall d’Hebron. Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona. Barcelona
b Laboratorio de Investigación de Hepatología. Hospital Vall d’Hebron. Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona. Barcelona
c Servicio de Ginecología y de Obstetricia. Hospital Vall d’Hebron. Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona. Barcelona. España
This item has received
Article information
Resumen
Introducción

La infección por el virus de la hepatitis C (VHC) es un importante problema de salud pública por su elevada incidencia, el curso progresivo de la enfermedad y su asociación con el carcinoma hepático. La transmisión nosocomial del VHC ha sido objeto de debate en nuestro medio. Este riesgo depende de la prevalencia de la infección en la población atendida y en el personal sanitario, de los procedimientos realizados y de la adecuación de las medidas de prevención.

Objetivo

Determinar la prevalencia de la infección en las pacientes atendidas por un parto o intervenidas ginecológicamente en un hospital de tercer nivel, como parte de un estudio más amplio dirigido a estimar el riesgo de transmisión nosocomial del VHC.

Material y métodos

Se incluyeron en el estudio 1.649 pacientes atendidas en estos servicios entre octubre de 1999 y mayo de 2001. Antes de la intervención, se realizó una encuesta epidemiológica sobre antecedentes y factores de riesgo de infección por VHC y una extracción sanguínea para el estudio serológico (técnicas de ELISA III y confirmación por RIBA III).

Resultados

La prevalencia global de infección por el VHC fue del 0,97% (intervalo de confianza [IC] del 95%, 0,56–1,57), con cifras superiores en ginecología (1,75%; IC del 95%, 0,96–2,92) que en obstetricia (0,24%; IC del 95%, 0,03–0,84) (p = 0,004). La edad fue la variable más asociada a la presencia de infección. El 75% de los casos desconocían la presencia de la infección.

Conclusión

La prevalencia de infección por VHC en las pacientes intervenidas en los servicios de ginecología y obstetricia en nuestro centro es similar a la de la población general. Se ha observado un infradiagnóstico importante de esta infección en la población atendida.

Palabras clave:
Virus de la hepatitis C (VHC)
Cirugía obstétrica
ginecológica
Prevalencia
Transmisión nosocomial
Abstract
Introduction

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major public health problem due to its high incidence, chronicity, and the risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma. Nosocomial transmission of HCV has been a cause of public concern in Spain. The risk of nosocomial transmission is related to the prevalence of this infection in patients and in health-care workers, as well as to the procedures performed and the preventive measures adopted.

Objective

The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of HCV infection in patients hospitalized for obstetric or gynecological surgery in a large university hospital. This study is part of a larger one that aims to estimate the risk of nosocomial transmission of HCV.

Material and methods

A total of 1,649 patients were included in the study between October 1999 and May 2001. An epidemiological questionnaire concerning possible antecedents of the infection and its potential risk factors, as well as a screening blood test to determine HCV-antibodies (HCV 3.0 ELISA and HCV RIBA 3) were performed before surgery.

Results

The overall prevalence of the HCV infection was 0.97% (CI95: 0.56–1.57). The percentage was higher in gynecological patients (1.75%; CI95:0.96–2.92) than in obstetric patients (0.24%; CI95:0.03-0.84) (P=0.004). The variable most closely associated with HCV infection was age. Seventy-five percent of infected patients were not aware of their infection.

Conclusion

The prevalence of HCV infection among patients who required obstetric or gynecological surgery in our center was similar to that observed in the general population. Undiagnosed HCV infection was high in patients hospitalized in the two services studied.

Keywords:
Hepatitis C virus (HCV)
Obstetric-gynecological surgery
Prevalence
Nosocomial transmission
Full text is only aviable in PDF
Bibliografía
[1.]
A. Wasley, M.J. Alter.
Epidemiology of hepatitis C: geographical differences and temporal trends.
Semin Liv Dis, 20 (2000), pp. 1-16
[2.]
M.J. Alter, D. Kruszon-Moran, O.V. Nainan, G.M. McQuillan, F. Gao, L.A. Moyer, et al.
The prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in the United States, 1988 through 1994.
N Engl J Med, 341 (1999), pp. 556-562
[3.]
A. Pereira, M. Bruguera.
Predicción del impacto sanitario de la hepatitis C en la población de Cataluña.
Med Clin (Barc), 119 (2002), pp. 377-381
[4.]
A. Domínguez, M. Bruguera, J. Vidal, P. Plana, L. Salleras.
Community- based seroepidemiological survey of HCV infection in Catalonia, Spain.
J Med Virol, 65 (2001), pp. 688-693
[5.]
J. Salmerón, F. Giménez, C. Torres, R. Ros, A. Palacios, D. Quintero, et al.
Epidemiology and prevalence of seropositivity for hepatitis C virus in pregnant women.
Rev Esp Enferm Dig, 90 (1998), pp. 846-850
[6.]
A. García-Fulgueiras, M.J. Tormo, T. Rodríguez, D. Pérez-Flores, D. Chirlaque, V. Navarro.
Prevalence of hepatitis B and C markers in the South-east of Spain: an unlinked community-based serosurvey of 2033 adults.
Scan J Infect Dis, 28 (1996), pp. 17-20
[7.]
CDC.
National hepatitis C prevention strategy, (2001),
[8.]
C. Serra, M. Torres, M. Campins.
Occupational risk of hepatitis C virus infection after accidental exposure.
J Hepatol, 27 (1997), pp. 1139
[9.]
J.M. Sánchez-Tapias.
Nosocomial transmission of hepatitis C virus.
J Hepatol, 31 (1999), pp. 107-112
[10.]
A. Mele, E. Spada, L. Sagliocca, P. Ragni, M.E. Tosti, G. Gallo.
Risk of parentally transmitted hepatitis following exposure to surgery or other invasive procedures: results from hepatitis surveillance system in Italy.
J Hepatol, 35 (2001), pp. 284-289
[11.]
J.C. Brillman, C.S. Crandall, C.S. Florence, J.L. Jacobs.
Prevalence and risk factors associated with hepatitis C in ED patients.
Am J Emerg Med, 20 (2002), pp. 476-480
[12.]
M. Koulentaki, M. Ergazaki, J. Moschandrea, S. Spanoudakis, N. Tzagarakis, P.E. Drandakis, et al.
Prevalence of hepatitis B and C markers in high-risk hospitalised patients in Crete: a five- year observational study.
BMC Public Health, 1 (2001), pp. 17
[13.]
M.E. Briggs, C. Baker, R. Hall, J.M. Gaziano, D. Gagnon, N. Bzowej, et al.
Prevalence and risk factors for hepatitis C virus infection at an urban Veterans Administration medical center.
Hapatology, 34 (2001), pp. 1200-1205
[14.]
G.E. Austin, B. Jensen, J. Leete, W. De L’aune, J. Bhatnagar, M. Racine, et al.
Prevalence of hepatitis C virus seropositivity among hospitalized US veterans.
Am J Med Sci, 319 (2000), pp. 353-359
[15.]
I.G. Netesova, N.N. Kiselev, M.I. Loseva, et al.
Prevalence of serological markers for viral hepatitis B and C in patients and medical personnel in the hematologic ward of Novosibirsk city hospital.
Vopr Virusol, 42 (1997), pp. 27-30
[16.]
A. Blumberg, C. Zehnder, J.J. Burckhardt.
Prevention of hepatitis C infection in haemodialysis units. A prospective study.
Nephrol Dial Transplant, 10 (1995), pp. 230-233
[17.]
B.J.G. Pereira, E.L. Milford, R.L. Kinkman, et al.
Prevalence of hepatitis C virus RNA in organ donors positive for hepatitis C antibody and in the recipients of their organs.
N Engl J Med, 327 (1992), pp. 910-915
[18.]
M. García-Bengoechea, J.L. Emparanza, A. Sarriugarte, et al.
Antibodies to hepatitis C virus: a cross-sectional study in patients attending a trauma unit or admitted to hospital for elective surgery.
Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 3 (1995), pp. 237-241
[19.]
X. Santiveri, E. Matute, F. Escolano, et al.
Prevalence of viral hepatitis in candidates for orthopedic surgery.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim, 42 (1995), pp. 417-419
[20.]
B. Sacristán, M.J. Gastañares, A. Elena, et al.
Infección por el virus de la hepatitis C. Estudio seroepidemiológico en población general de la Rioja.
Med Clin (Barc), 107 (1996), pp. 331-335
[21.]
J.L. Esteban, J.C. López-Talavera, J. Genescá, et al.
High rate of infectivity and liver disease in blood donors with antibodies to hepatitis C virus.
Ann Intern Me, 115 (1995), pp. 443-449
[22.]
F.J. Salmerón, A. Palacios, M. Pérez-Ruiz, et al.
Epidemiology, serological markers and hepatic disease of anti-VHC ELISA-2 positive blood donors.
Dig Dis Sci, 41 (1996), pp. 1933-1938
[23.]
G. Solís, A. Suárez, L. Otero, G. Viejo, P. De la Iglesia, M.T. Menéndez.
Transmisión del virus de la hepatitis C en gestantes.
Med Clin (Barc), 120 (2003), pp. 10-13
[24.]
L. Salleras, M. Bruguera, J. Vidal, et al.
Seroepidemiología de la infección por el virus de la hepatitis C en las mujeres embarazadas de Cataluña.
Med Clin (Barc), 103 (1994), pp. 721-724
[25.]
C. Ward, G. Tudor-Williams, T. Cotzias, S. Hargreaves, L. Regan, G.R. Foster.
Prevalence of hepatitis C among pregnant women attending an inner London obstetric department: uptake and acceptability of named antenatal testing.
Gut, 47 (2000), pp. 277-280
[26.]
F. Roudot-Thoraval, L. Desforges, P.P. Girollet, et al.
Prévalence des anticorps dirigés contre le virus de l’hépatite C (test ELISA2 et RIBA2) dans une population de femmes enceintes en France.
Gastroenterol Clin Biol, 16 (1992), pp. 255-259
[27.]
V.R. Bohman, R.W. Stetteler, B. Little, G. Wendel, L. Sutor, F. Cunnighan.
Seroprevalence and risk factors for hepatitis C virus antibody in pregnant women.
Obstet Gynecol, 80 (1992), pp. 609-613
[28.]
J.J. Garner, M. Gaughwin, J. Dodding, K. Wilson.
Prevalence of hepatitis C infection in pregnant women in South Australia.
Med J Austr, 167 (1997), pp. 470-472
[29.]
R.F. Ross, S. Viazov, M. Roggendorf.
Risk of Hepatitis C transmission from infected medical staff to patients: model-based calculations for surgical settings.
Arch Intern Med, 160 (2000), pp. 2313-2316
[30.]
G. Maggi, M. Acerbi, S. Armitano, et al.
Epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection in the general population of a northern Italian town.
Hepatology, 26 (1997), pp. 187A
[31.]
V. Guadagnino, T. Stroffolini, M. Rapicetta, et al.
Prevalence risk factors and genotype distribution of hepatitis C virus infection in the general population: a community based survey in southern Italy.
Hepatology, 26 (1997), pp. 1006-1011
Copyright © 2004. Sociedad Española de Ginecología y Obstetricia
Download PDF
Article options
es en pt

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?

Você é um profissional de saúde habilitado a prescrever ou dispensar medicamentos