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Inicio Radiología Resonancia magnética cerebral sin anestesia en niños menores de 3 meses
Journal Information
Vol. 64. Issue 5.
Pages 415-421 (September - October 2022)
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Vol. 64. Issue 5.
Pages 415-421 (September - October 2022)
Original
Resonancia magnética cerebral sin anestesia en niños menores de 3 meses
Brain MRI without anesthesia in children less than 3 months old
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1443
P. Caro-Domíngueza,
Corresponding author
pablocaro82@hotmail.com

Autor para correspondencia.
, J.J. Sánchez-Garduñoa, M. Martínez-Moyaa, M. Fajardo-Cascosa, F. Galván-Banqueria, C. Hernández-Herreraa, A. Pavón-Delgadob
a Unidad de Radiología Pediátrica, Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, España
b Unidad de Neonatología, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, España
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Resumen
Introducción

El uso de anestesia general en niños pequeños conlleva riesgos, a corto y largo plazo. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la eficacia de la técnica de resonancia magnética (RM) cerebral sin anestesia mediante fijación con colchón en niños menores de 3 meses.

Pacientes y métodos

Estudio prospectivo de casos y controles realizado en el año 2019. Los casos fueron pacientes menores de 3 meses con indicación de RM craneal, estables y sin soporte ventilatorio; las resonancias se realizaron usando la técnica de dar de comer y dormir y un colchón inmovilizador. Los controles fueron pacientes de la misma edad y sexo, inestables clínicamente, derivados para realizar RM craneal con anestesia general. Tres radiólogos pediátricos evaluaron el éxito de la RM (si respondía a la pregunta clínica), si era necesario repetirla y calificaron la presencia de artefactos de movimiento en una escala del 1 al 4.

Resultados

47 casos fueron incluidos en este estudio (28 niños, 19 niñas; media: 31 días de vida), de los cuales (89%) 42 RM fueron llevadas a cabo de manera exitosa. Los estudios realizados de manera ambulatoria se asociaron a mayor posibilidad de fallo de la técnica que los realizados a ingresados (valor de p 0,02). El 60% de las RM de los casos realizados tuvieron calidad óptima y el 30%, subóptima (artefacto de movimiento en una o dos secuencias). No se detectaron problemas de seguridad con esta técnica. La media de duración de los estudios fue de 16,6 minutos (rango 6-30 minutos). El 100% de las RM de los controles bajo anestesia general se llevaron a cabo con éxito, con una calidad óptima en el 89% y subóptima en el 11% restante. En el primer año de experiencia con esta técnica, de 47 RM realizadas, se evitó el uso de anestesia general a 42 recién nacidos.

Conclusión

La técnica de dar de comer y dormir y fijación con colchón neumático para realizar RM sin anestesia puede realizarse de forma eficaz y segura en niños menores de 3 meses.

Palabras clave:
Resonancia magnética
Neonatos
Craneal
Cerebral
Anestesia general
Abstract
Introduction

The use of general anesthesia in infants involves both short-term and long-term risks. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of brain MRI without anesthesia in infants younger than 3-month-old immobilized with a pillow.

Patients and methods

This prospective case-control study was done in 2019. Cases were stable patients less than 3 months old who did not require ventilatory support for whom brain MRI was indicated. Patients were fed so they would fall asleep and placed in the scanner with an immobilizing pillow. Controls were clinically unstable patients matched for age and sex referred for brain MRI under general anesthesia. Three pediatric radiologists evaluated the success of the MRI study (whether it answered the clinical question), recorded whether it was necessary to repeat the study, and rated the presence of motion artifacts on a scale ranging from 1 to 4.

Results

A total of 47 cases were included (28 boys and 19 girls; mean age, 31 days). Of these, 42 (89%) MRI studies were considered successful. The proportion of successful MRI studies was lower in outpatients than in inpatients (p=0.02). The quality of MRI in cases was considered optimal in 60% and suboptimal (motion artifacts in one or two sequences) in 30%. No safety issues related with the technique were detected. The mean duration of the studies was 16.6minutes (range, 6-30minutes). All of the MRI studies in controls were considered successful; quality was considered optimal in 89% and suboptimal in 11%. In the first year in which we used this technique, we avoided the use of general anesthesia in 47 MRI studies in 42 newborns.

Conclusion

Brain MRI using the feed and sleep technique in infants younger than 3-month-old immobilized with a pillow can be done safely and efficaciously without general anesthesia.

Keywords:
Magnetic resonance imaging
Neonates
Head
Brain
General anesthesia

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