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Vol. 44. Issue 7.
Pages 273-279 (January 2002)
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Vol. 44. Issue 7.
Pages 273-279 (January 2002)
Aneurismas micóticos: diagnóstico radiológico y alternativas terapéuticas*
Mycotic aneurysms: radiological diagnosis and therapeutic alternatives
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José Urbano, María Antonia Arjonilla
Servicio de Radiología. Unidad de Radiología Intervencionista. Fundación Jiménez Díaz. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Madrid
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Resumen
Objetivo

Revisar los aneurismas micóticos, su diagnóstico radioló-gico y las alternativas terapéuticas.

Material y métodos

Cinco hombres y una mujer con edades com-prendidas entre 69 y 84 años fueron diagnosticados de aneurisma mi-cótico en los últimos cuatro años. Tres eran de localización aórtica, uno torácico y dos abdominales; uno afectaba a la arteria ilíaca primiti-va izquierda, otro en la arteria poplítea izquierda y un ultimo caso a la arteria cerebral media. Se realizaron hemocultivos a todos los pacien-tes. Se cultivó la pieza quirúrgica en cuatro. Se realizó tomografía computarizada (TC) a cinco pacientes, angiografía a otros cinco y eco-grafía Doppler a dos.

Resultados

Cinco pacientes mostraron hemocultivos positivos y en dos fue positivo el cultivo de la pieza quirúrgica. Los hallazgos de la TC fueron decisivos para sospechar la naturaleza micótica de las lesiones. Tres pacientes se intervinieron de urgencia falleciendo durante la cirugía o en el postoperatorio. Un caso fue tratado mediante endopró-tesis aórtica y un año después permanece asintomático. El aneurisma cerebral se embolizó con espirales metálicas y permanece asintomático tres años después. El aneurisma poplíteo se intervino de forma reglada con buen resultado.

Conclusión

La TC es decisiva en el diagnóstico de los aneurismas micóticos. Una vez detectados deben tratarse sin demora, pues su evo-lución natural es hacia la rápida expansión y rotura. La angiografía ayuda a planificar el tratamiento. La radiología intervencionista repre-senta un papel importante en el tratamiento.

Palabras clave:
Aneurisma micóticoTC
Angiografía
Endoprótesis aórticas
Abstract
Aim

To review mycotic aneurysms, their radiological diagnosis and therapeutic alternatives.

Material and methodos

Five men and a woman between 69 and 84 years old were diagnosed during the last 4 years with mycotic aneurysms. Three were in the aorta, one in the throracic and two in the abdominal region; one was affecting the left primitive iliac artery, another the left popliteal artery and, in the last case, the medial cerebral artery. Hemocultures were done on all patients. The surgical specimen was cultivated in 4. CAT was done on 5 patients, angiography on another five and Doppler ultrasound scan on two

Results

Five patients showed positive hemocultures and in two the surgical specimen culture was positive. The findings of the CAT were decisive in being able to suspect that the lesions were mycotic in nature. Three patients had to undergo emergency surgery, expiring either in surgery or in postoperative care. One case was treated by means of aortic endoprosthesis, and one year later the patient remains asymptomatic. The cerebral aneurysm was embolized with metal coils and the patient remains asymptomatic three years later. The popliteal aneurysm underwent surgical intervention using an established protocol with good results.

Conclusions

CAT is decisive in the diagnosis of mycotic aneurysms. Once detected, they must be treated without delay as their natural evolution is one of rapid expansion and rupture. Angiographies help in planning the treatment. Radiological intervention plays an important role in the treatment.

Key words:
Mycotic aneurysm
CAT
Angiography
Aortic endopros-thesis

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