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Vol. 44. Issue 2.
Pages 47-53 (January 2002)
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Vol. 44. Issue 2.
Pages 47-53 (January 2002)
Diverticulitis aguda de sigma: valor de laecografía como test diagnóstico inicial*
Acute diverticulitis of the sigmoidcolon: value of ultrasound as an initial diagnostic test
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Javier García-Aguayoa,, Pedro Ma, Pedro M. Gila
a Servicio de Radiología del Hospital de Sagunto Puerto de Sagunto Valencia
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Objetivo

Comprobar el valor de la ecografía como método diag-nóstico inicial en la diverticulitis aguda.

Material y métodos

Se realizó ecografía en 76 pacientes con eldiagnóstico clínico de diverticulitis aguda de sigma. El diagnóstico fi-nal se basó en el curso clínico en todos los casos, la TC (n = 46), elexamen histopatológico de la pieza quirúrgica (n = 10), la colonosco-pia (n = 4) y el enema opaco (n = 2). El criterio diagnóstico ecográficofue el engrosamiento mural del sigma > de 4 mm y la presencia de almenos uno de los siguientes hallazgos: divertículos, flemón o absceso.El diagnóstico por TC se basó en dos hallazgos necesarios: engrosa-miento de sigma > de 4 mm y la inflamación de la grasa pericólica.

Resultados

El diagnóstico final fue diverticulitis aguda (n = 52),otro diagnóstico (n = 18) o desconocido (n = 6). La sensibilidad de laecografía y la TC fue 81% y 94% respectivamente, y la especificidad79% y 83% respectivamente. De los 10 falsos negativos de la ecogra-fía siete correspondieron a diverticulitis simples y tres a diverticulitiscomplicadas (dos con absceso y una con neumoperitoneo). La TCdiagnosticó correctamente ocho de estos casos, presentando dos falsosnegativos ante diverticulitis leves.

Conclusión

La ecografía resulta un buen test en el diagnóstico ini-cial de la diverticulitis aguda de sigma. Se debe realizar TC ante unaecografía no diagnóstica o negativa con una alta sospecha clínica dediverticulitis, y tambien ante la posibilidad de una diverticulitis com-plicada.

Palabrasclave:
Colon
TC(tomografí acomputarizada)
Colon ecografía
Colon diverticulitis
Objective

To assess the value of ultrasound as an initial diagnosticmethod in cases of acute diverticulitis.

Material and methods

Ultrasound was carried out in 76 patientswith a clinical diagnosis of acute sigmoid diverticulitis. The final diag-nosis was based on the clinical course in every case, as well as oncomputed tomography (CT; n = 46), histopathological examination (n= 10), colonoscopy (n = 4) and barium enema (n = 2). The diagnosticcriteria established for ultrasound was a thickening of the sigmoid co-lon wall of > 4 mm and the presence of at least one of the following fe-atures: diverticula, phlegmon or abscess. The CT diagnosis was basedon two indispensable findings: thickening of the sigmoid colon of > 4mm and inflammation of pericolonic fat.

Results

The final diagnosis was acute diverticulitis in 52 patients,some other disease in 18 and undetermined in 6. The sensitivities ofultrasound and CT were 81% and 94%, respectively, and their specificities were 79% and 83%, respectively. Of the 10 false negatives on ultrasound, seven corresponded to cases of simple diverticulitis and threeto cases of complicated diverticulitis (two in patients with abscess andone in a patient with pneumoperitoneum). CT provided the correctdiagnosis in eight of these cases, and resulted in false negatives in twocases of mild diverticulitis.

Conclusion

Ultrasound is a valid test in the initial diagnosis ofacute diverticulitis of the sigmoid colon. CT should be performedwhen ultrasound fails to provide a diagnosis or in cases of negative results when there is a strong clinical suspicion of diverticulitis, as wellas when the possibility of complicated diverticulitis exists.

Key words:
Colon
computed tomography
Colon
ultrasonography
Colon
diverticulitis

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