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Vol. 43. Issue 7.
Pages 331-335 (January 2001)
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Vol. 43. Issue 7.
Pages 331-335 (January 2001)
Parámetros antropométricos: peso, talla, índice de masa corporal y volumen mamario, en relación con el patrón mamográfico*
Anthropometric parameters: weight, height, body mass index and mammary volume in relationship with the mammographic pattern
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Víctor Pérez-Candela,a, Carmen Bustoa, Rafael Ávilaa, Manuel G. Marreroa, José M. Limiñana*,a, Juan C. Orengoa
* Medicina Preventiva. Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.
a Servicio de Radiología. Hospital Universitario Maternoinfantil de Canarias. Medicina Preventiva. Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.
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Resumen
Objetivo

Se efectúa un estudio prospectivo para tratar de relacionar los parámetros antropométricos de la talla, el peso, el índice de masa corporal, así como la edad, con los patrones mamográficos obtenidos de las pacientes y obtener un perfil antropométrico.

Material y método

Se realizó el estudio en 1.000 mujeres a las que se le efectuó una mamografía, en proyección cráneo-caudal y oblicua medio lateral de ambas mamas, independientemente que fuera de cribado o diagnóstica.

Antes de la realización de la mamografía, se obtuvo el peso y la talla, realizados siempre por los mismos técnicos, y se les preguntó la talla de sujetador que usaban, para deducir el volumen mamario. Con los datos del peso y la talla se calculó el índice de masa corporal de Quetelet (peso/kg)/altura2 (m)).

Después de leer la mamografía, se le asignó uno de los cuatro patrones mamográficos considerados en el BIRADS (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System)establecido por el ACR (American College of Radiology):tipo I (graso), tipo II (densidades fibroglandulares dispersas), tipo III (densidades fibroglandulares distribuidas de forma heterogenea), tipo IV (denso).

Se introdujeron los resultados en una base de datos del ordenador y se aplicó el programa estadístico SPSS 8.0, utilizando el modelo estadístico de regresión logística multivariante.

Resultados

En las mujeres menores de 40 años, con normopeso, el patrón mamario denso supone el 67,8% y a medida que aumenta el índice de masa corporal (IMC) dicho patrón disminuye al 25,1%. El patrón graso es del 20% y a medida que aumenta el IMC, sube hasta al 80%.

En las mujeres de 40 a 60 años, con peso normal, el patrón denso supone el 44% y disminuye hasta el 20,9% en las obesas grados II, III y IV; el patrón graso es el 11,1% y aumenta al 53,7% en las obesas grados II, III y IV.

En las mujeres de más de 60 años con normopeso, el atrón denso supone el 19,3% y disminuye al 13% en las obesas grado III; el patrón graso es del 5,3% y asciende al 20,2% en el grado III de obesidad.

Conclusiones

A mayor edad, mayor es la probabilidad de presenter un patrón mamográfico graso. A mayor IMC mayor es la probabilidad de presentar un patrón mamográfico graso. A mayor volumen mamario aumenta la probabilidad de presentar un patrón mamográfico graso.

Palabras clave:
Mamografía
Patrón mamográfico
Antropometría
Abstract
Objective

A prospective study to attempt to relate the anthropometric parameters of height, weight, body mass index as well as age with the mammographic patterns obtained for the patients and obtain an anthropometric profile was carried out.

Material and method

The study was performed in 1,000 women who underwent a mammography in cranial-caudal and medial lateral oblique projection of both breasts, independently of whether they were screened or diagnosed.

Prior to the performance of the mammography, weight and height were obtained, and this was also performed by the same technicians, and the patients were asked their bra size to deduce breast volume. With the weight and height, the body mass index of Quetelet was calculated (weight [kg]/height2 [ml]).

After reading the mammography, the patient was assigned to one of the four mammographic patterns considered in the BIRADS (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System) established by the ACR (American College of Radiology): type I (fat), type II (disperse fibroglandular densities), type III (fibroglandular densities distributed heterogeneously), type 4 (dense). The results were introduced into a computer database and the SPSS 8.0 statistical program was applied, using the statistical model of multivariant logistic regression.

Results

In women under 40 years, with normal weight, the dense breast pattern accounted for 67.8% and as the body mass index (BMI) increased, this pattern decreased to 25.1%. The fat pattern is 20% and as the BMI increases, this increased to 80%.

In 40-60 year old women with normal weight, the dense pattern accounts for 44% and decreases to 20.9% in the grades II, III and IV obese. The fat pattern is 11.1% and increases to 53.7% in the grade II, III and IV obese. In women over 60 with normal weight, the dense pattern accounts for 19.3% and decreases to 13% in the grade III obese. The fat pattern is 5.3% and increases to 20.2% in the grade III of obesity.

Conclusions

As age increases, the probability of presenting a mammographic pattern with a fat image in the mammography pattern is greater. Greater BMI means greater probability of presenting a fat image in the mammographic pattern. Greater mammary volume increases the probability of presenting a fat image in the mammographic pattern.

Key words:
Mammography
Mammographic pattern
Anthropometry

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