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Inicio Rehabilitación Efectos biológicos de los campos electromagnéticos sobre el tejido óseo
Journal Information
Vol. 37. Issue 5.
Pages 252-255 (January 2003)
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Vol. 37. Issue 5.
Pages 252-255 (January 2003)
Efectos biológicos de los campos electromagnéticos sobre el tejido óseo
Biological effects of the electromagnetic fields on the bone tissue
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P. Díaz Borrego*, J.M. Fernández Torrico, J. Pérez Castilla
Servicio de Rehabilitación. Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena. Sevilla.
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Resumen
Introducción

Las base biológica del mecanismo de acción de los campos electromagnéticos es aún muy desconocida. Por ello, hemos querido reunir la información existente sobre su acción en el tejido óseo para comprender mejor su aplicación en nuestra práctica clínica diaria.

Material y método

Se ha realizado una búsqueda a través de Medline-Pubmed, The Cochrane Library, la revista Rehabilitación, desde 1985 al 2001, usando las siguientes palabras claves: electromagnetic fields, electromagnetic therapy, nonunions, delayed fractures, pseudartosis, fresh fractures, artritis, cell e inflamation. Se revisaron 24 artículos de todos los encontrados. Se eligieron porque trataban exclusivamente el tema que se estaba revisando, dando prioridad a los ensayos controlados y randomizados. Los artículos se analizaron según la clasificación de los niveles de calidad de la evidencia científica propuesta por la Agencia de Evaluación de la Tecnología Médica del Servicio Catalán de Salud.

Valoración final

La mayor probabilidad de eficacia recogida de los campos electromagnéticos a nivel celular fue sobre la estimulación de la proliferación celular, la síntesis del factor de crecimiento B1 y la transcripción del ADN, con el consiguiente aumento de la síntesis de proteínas, en especial BMP 2 y 4.

Palabras clave:
Campos electromagnéticos
Célula ósea
Summary
Introduction

The biologic base for the action mechanism of the electromagnetic fields is still very unknown. Thus, we have aimed to gather the existing information on their action in the bone tissue to better understand their application in our daily clinical practice.

Material and methods

A search was performed using Medline-Pubmed, The Cochrane Library, the Rehabilitation Journal, from 1985 to 2001, using the following key words: electromagnetic fields, electromagnetic therapy, nonunions, delayed fractures, pseudartosis, fresh fractures, arthritis, cell y inflammation. A total of 24 articles of those found were reviewed. They were chosen because they dealt exclusively with the subject being studied, giving priority to controlled and randomized trials. The articles were analyzed according to the classification of the quality levels of the scientific evidence proposed by the Medical Technology Assessment Agency of the Catalan Health Service.

Final assessment

The greatest probability of efficacy gathered for the electromagnetic fields on the cell level was on the stimulation of the cellular proliferation, synthesis of the B1 growth factor and the transcription of DNA, with the consequent increase in the protein synthesis, especially BMP 2 and 4.

Key words:
Electromagnetic fields
Bone cell

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