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Inicio Rehabilitación Independencia física en pacientes parapléjicos
Journal Information
Vol. 36. Issue 3.
Pages 155-161 (January 2002)
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Vol. 36. Issue 3.
Pages 155-161 (January 2002)
Independencia física en pacientes parapléjicos
Physical independence in paraplegic patients
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R. Tamayo Izquierdo*, A.M. Benavente Valdepeñas, R. Palazón García, E. Morán Feliz, M.A. Alcaraz Rousselet
Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos de Toledo.
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Resumen

El paciente parapléjico presenta una limitación funcional importante que le dificulta la integración dentro de la sociedad. En este trabajo se pretende demostrar que, a pesar de ello, estos pacientes pueden lograr una aceptable independencia física.

Se han estudiado 51 pacientes con lesión medular dorsal o lumbar ingresados por primera vez en el Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos durante un año. Se valoró mediante una encuesta domiciliaria el grado de independencia física y la posibilidad de reinserción laboral. Se tomó como referencia el número de horas al día que el paciente precisaba cuidados de otra persona.

Se observó que el 44,2% de los lesionados medulares dorsales y el 62,5% de los lumbares presentaban una adecuada autonomía personal. El 50% de los lumbares tenían un nivel de ocupación adecuado (trabajo remunerado, formación académica, ocio). El 75% de los lumbares presentaban buena movilidad: accesibilidad al hogar y dentro de él, salidas fuera del domicilio, transporte independiente.

En conclusión, se ha visto que los pacientes parapléjicos son capaces de lograr un alto grado de independencia. Los lesionados lumbares gozan de una mayor movilidad, que les permite una mejor reinserción socio-laboral.

Palabras clave:
Palabras clave
Paraplejía
Independencia física
Integración socio-laboral
Summary

The paraplegic patient presents a significant functional limitation that makes his or her integration into society difficult. In this paper, it is aimed to demonstrate that, in spite of this, these patients can achieve acceptable physical independence.

A total of 51 patients with thoracic or lumbar spinal cord injury admitted to hospital for the first time in the National Hospital of Paraplegics during one year have been studied. The degree of physical independence and the possibility of work reinsertion were assessed by a home survey. The number of hours per day that the patient required the care of another person was taken as a reference.

It was observed that 44% of the thoracic spine cord injured and 62.5% of the lumbar spinal cord injured patients presented adequate personal autonomy. A total of 50% of the lumbar ones had an adequate occupation level (paid work, academic training, leisure time). A total of 75% of the lumbar ones presented good mobility: accessibility to the home and within it, going outside of the home, independent transportation.

In conclusion, it has been seen that paraplegic patients are capable of achieving a high degree of independence. The lumbar spinal cord injured patients enjoy a greater mobility, that allows them a better socio-laboral reinsertion.

Key words:
Paraplegia
Physical independence
Socio-laboral integration

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