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Vol. 11. Issue 3.
Pages 56-78 (July - September 2014)
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Vol. 11. Issue 3.
Pages 56-78 (July - September 2014)
Open Access
Práticas de orçamento de capital: um estudo no segmento de papel e celulose da BM&FBovespa
Capital Budgeting Practices: A Study on Segment of Pulp and Paper BM&FBOVESPA
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532
Paula de Souza
Mestranda em Ciências Contábeis pela Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina – UFSC, (Brasil)
Rogério João Lunkes
Pós-doutor em Contabilidade pela Universitat de València, Professor da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina – UFSC, (Brasil)
José Alonso Borba
Pós-doutor em Contabilidade pela Rutgers University, Professor da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina – UFSC, (Brasil)
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Under a Creative Commons license
Article information
RESUMO

As companhias, bem como as indústrias, operam em um ambiente cada vez mais competitivo. Sendo assim, as decisões relativas a investimentos de capital são, indiscutivelmente, as mais importantes para garantir o sucesso da empresa. Dessa forma, o orçamento de capital se destaca por ser o processo de tomar decisões de planejamento de longo prazo para os investimentos. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste estudo é fornecer evidências sobre práticas de orçamento de capital em empresas do segmento de papel e celulose. Para construir o referencial teórico foi realizada pesquisa bibliográfica na base de dados Periódicos da Capes, área de Ciências Sociais Aplicadas, utilizando as palavras-chave “capital budgeting”. A estruturação do referencial revelou escassez de estudos sobre o tema, o que reforça a importância de se realizar pesquisas acerca das práticas orçamentárias de capital nas empresas. Para atingir o objetivo do estudo utiliza-se aplicação de questionários para coleta dos dados em sete companhias do segmento de papel e celulose registradas na Bolsa de Valores – BM&FBOVESPA. A estatística descritiva foi aplicada sobre os resultados, visando melhorar a base das discussões. Os resultados revelam que as empresas utilizam principalmente a Taxa Interna de Retorno na análise do orçamento de capital, com análise de cenários e de sensibilidade para verificar o risco do investimento. Também apontam que há similaridade na frequência do uso das técnicas para definição da taxa mínima de retorno aceitável. As empresas indicaram a análise financeira e escolha do projeto como a etapa mais importante e difícil do processo de investimentos.

Palavras-chave:
Orçamento de capital
Técnicas
Segmento
Papel e Celulose
ABSTRACT

Companies, as well as businesses plants, operate in an increasingly competitive environment. Thus, the decisions made on capital investments are arguably the most significant to ensure operational success. Therefore, capital budget stands out, because it is a decision-making process of long term planning for business investments. Hence, the aim of this study is to provide evidence concerning the capital budgeting practices of pulp and paper businesses. For the theoretical framework, a literary search was made on the database of the journals of Capes (Capes Journals), in the field of Applied Social Sciences, using “capital budgeting” as keyword. The structuring of the theoretical framework has foregrounded the lack of studies on the subject, and that strengthens the fact that more studies on the capital budgeting practices of businesses are needed. To achieve the purpose of this study, questionnaires were used to collect data from seven companies of the pulp and paper industry registered by BOVESPA Stock Exchange (BM&FBOVESPA). Descriptive statistics were applied to the results in order to improve study basis for discussions. Results show that companies use mainly the Internal Rate of Return to analyze capital budgeting, performing scenario and sensitivity analysis to check investment risk. Also point out that there is similarity in the frequency of the use of techniques to define the minimum acceptable rate of return. These companies have pointed financial analysis and choice of project as the most relevant and difficult step within the investment process.

Keywords:
Capital budgeting
Technical
Segment
Pulp and Paper
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