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Revista Científica de la Sociedad Española de Enfermería Neurológica (English ed.)
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Inicio Revista Científica de la Sociedad Española de Enfermería Neurológica (Englis... Nurses’ knowledge regarding dysphagia: A cross-sectional study
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Vol. 59.
Pages 19-26 (January - June 2024)
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Vol. 59.
Pages 19-26 (January - June 2024)
Original Article
Nurses’ knowledge regarding dysphagia: A cross-sectional study
Conocimientos del personal de enfermería sobre la disfagia: un estudio transversal
Patrícia Batista Olímpioa, Alexandre Santos Pereirab, Filipe Alexandre Bettencourtc, Simão Pinheiro Gonzalez Machadod, Isabel de Jesus Oliveirae,
Corresponding author
Ijoliveira12@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
a Hospital Santo Espírito da Ilha Terceira, E.P.E.R. Ilha Terceira, Açores, Portugal
b Centro Hospitalar da Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
c Unidade de Saúde da Ilha de São Miguel, S. Miguel, Açores, Portugal
d Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
e Portuguese Red Cross Northern Health School and Center for Health Studies and Research of the University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Tables (5)
Table 1. Knowledge of signs and symptoms of dysphagia.
Table 2. Knowledge of dysphagia complications.
Table 3. Knowledge of dysphagia management.
Table 4. Coding frequency for categories and subcategories on training needs.
Table 5. Participants’ quotes examples for each category/subcategory.
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Abstract
Background

Dysphagia has a high prevalence with associated complications, such as respiratory infections and recurrent institutionalizations, factors associated with the burden of malnutrition and dehydration that negatively affects the patient's quality of life and entails added health costs.

Objective

To assess the knowledge of a group of Portuguese nurses regarding dysphagia and perform the cross-cultural adaptation of the questionnaire used.

Methods

Cross-sectional descriptive study based on an online self-ministered questionnaire sent to nurses, regardless of the length of professional experience and area of clinical practice. Data treatment was performed using the IMB SPSS computer software, and the open responses were treated using the QDA Miner Lite.

Results

241 nurses were enrolled between May and June 2021, of which 192 (79.6%) were female, with an age of 37.8±8.3 years and a length of service of 14.4±8.5 years. Overall knowledge of dysphagia was high (80.1%). Participants were dissatisfied with their knowledge and expressed a need for further training, mainly in therapeutic intervention.

Conclusions

It is essential to understand why nurses still consider themselves to lack knowledge despite higher levels of knowledge. Future research should explore these aspects. These findings corroborate the gap between the nurses’ perceived knowledge and their actual knowledge about dysphagia, which may influence practice by influencing the decision-making process. Due to its high prevalence and complications, this gap may translate into increased patient safety risks.

Keywords:
Deglutition disorders
Nurses
Knowledge
Resumen
Introducción

La disfagia tiene una alta prevalencia, con complicaciones asociadas, como infecciones respiratorias e ingresos hospitalarios recurrentes, factores asociados a la carga de desnutrición y de deshidratación, aspectos que afectan negativamente a la calidad de vida del paciente y suponen un coste sanitario añadido.

Objetivo

Evaluar los conocimientos de un grupo de enfermeros portugueses sobre la disfagia y realizar la adaptación cultural del instrumento utilizado.

Métodos

Estudio descriptivo transversal basado en un cuestionario autoadministrado online enviado a los enfermeros, independientemente del tiempo de experiencia profesional y del área de práctica clínica. El tratamiento de los datos se realizó con el programa informático SPSS IMB, y las respuestas abiertas se trataron con el QDA Miner Lite.

Resultados

Entre mayo y junio de 2021 se inscribieron 241 enfermeros, de los cuales 192 (79,6%) eran mujeres, con una edad de 37,8±8,3 años y una antigüedad de 14,4±8,5 años. El conocimiento general de la disfagia era alto (80,1%). Los participantes se mostraron insatisfechos con sus conocimientos y expresaron la necesidad de una mayor formación, principalmente en materia de intervención terapéutica.

Conclusiones

Es esencial comprender por qué las enfermeras siguen considerando que carecen de conocimientos a pesar de tener niveles más altos. Las investigaciones futuras deberían explorar dichos aspectos. Estos hallazgos corroboran la brecha existente entre los conocimientos percibidos por las enfermeras y sus conocimientos reales sobre la disfagia, lo que puede influir en la práctica al intervenir en el proceso de toma de decisiones. Debido a su elevada prevalencia y a sus complicaciones, esta brecha puede traducirse en un mayor riesgo para la seguridad del paciente.

Palabras clave:
Trastornos de la deglución
Enfermeras
Conocimiento

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