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Inicio Revista Clínica de Periodoncia, Implantología y Rehabilitación Oral Genotipificación de Porphyromonas gingivalis en Pacientes con Periodontitis
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Vol. 2. Issue 2.
Pages 54-58 (August 2009)
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Vol. 2. Issue 2.
Pages 54-58 (August 2009)
Open Access
Genotipificación de Porphyromonas gingivalis en Pacientes con Periodontitis
Genotyping of Porphyromonas gingivalis in Patients with Periodontitis
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L. Abusleme1, P. Pozo2, N. Silva3,
Corresponding author
norasilvasteffens@hotmail.com

Correspondencia autor: Departamento de Patología, Área de Microbiología, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile. Chile.
1 Departamento de Patología, Área de Microbiología, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile. Chile
2 Departamento de Química y Farmacia, Universidad Católica del Norte. Chile
3 Departamento de Patología, Área de Microbiología, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile. Chile
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Resumen

Porphyromonas gingivalis es un bacilo Gram-negativo y anaerobio, considerado como el mayor agente causal en la iniciación y progresión de las periodontitis. Este microorganismo presenta diversos factores de virulencia, como su capacidad de adherencia a los tejidos periodontales y a otras bacterias orales, el Lipopolisacárido (LPS) que induce la respuesta inmune del hospedero y la acción de múltiples proteasas. Las bases moleculares de estos mecanismos de virulencia y su relación con la diversidad genética no han sido suficientemente comprendidas aún.

El propósito de este estudio fue genotipificar aislados de P. gingivalis seleccionados desde pacientes con Periodontitis Crónica y Agresiva utilizando una metodología basada en la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR) para la “Secuencia de Inserción” IS1126. Se tomaron muestras de placa subgingival en 4 sitios periodontalmente afectados (el sitio de mayor profundidad de saco periodontal por cuadrante). Para ello se utilizaron conos de papel estériles, éstos se transportaron y almacenaron en RTF frío hasta su procesamiento en el laboratorio.

Se obtuvo, mediante cultivo, bacterias pigmentadas de negro para su posterior identificación fenotípica, molecular y genotipificación, de los aislados confirmados mediante PCR como P. gingivalis. Se genotipificaron 35 aislados, provenientes de 6 pacientes, caracterizándose 7 perfiles genéticos diferentes. Cuatro pacientes presentaron un solo genotipo en sus aislados, mientras que 2 pacientes mostraron dos perfiles genéticos distintos. Los aislados de P. gingivalis estudiados presentaron variabilidad genética a nivel de la secuencia IS1126 y tal vez por el número de aislados analizados, no se identificó un perfil genético bacteriano característico de periodontitis crónica o agresiva.

Palabras clave:
Porphyromonas gingivalis
genotipificación
secuencias de inserción
Abstract

Porphyromonas gingivalis an anaerobic Gram- negative bacilli, is the major causative agent in the initiation and progression of severe forms of periodontal disease. This organism is armed with a number of putative virulence factors, like the ability to adhere to periodontal tissues and other oral bacteria and Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) that induces the host immune response and multiple proteases. These molecular bases of virulence and their relationship to genetic diversity have not been sufficiently understood yet.

The aim of the present study was to genotype isolates of P. gingivalis selected from patients with chronic and aggressive periodontitis, using a PCRbased methodology for the insertion sequence (IS1126). Subgingival plaque samples were collected from four affected sites (the site of greatest depth of periodontal pocket per quadrant). The samples were obtained by inserting sterile paper points and were pooled in cold RTF until processed in the laboratory.

Black-pigmented bacteria for subsequent molecular, phenotypic and genotyping identification were obtained by cultivation of the confirmed isolates by PCR as P.gingivalis. A total of 35 isolates were subjected to genotyping from 6 patients, and 7 different genotypes were identified. Four patients had a single genotype in their isolates, whereas 2 showed two distinct genetic profiles. In conclusion, the isolates of P. gingivalis studied showed genetic variability within the IS1126 sequence and perhaps because of the number of samples analyzed a bacterial gene profile characteristic of chronic or aggressive periodontitis was not identified.

Key words:
Genotyping
P.gingivalis
insertion sequences
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Copyright © 2009. Sociedad de Periodoncia de Chile, Sociedad de Implantología Oral de Chile y Sociedad de Prótesis y Rehabilitación Oral de Chile
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