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Vol. 36. Issue 1.
Pages 25-31 (February - April 2008)
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Vol. 36. Issue 1.
Pages 25-31 (February - April 2008)
ARTÍCULO DE INVESTIGACIÓN CLÍNICA
Open Access
Analgesia preventiva en mujeres programadas para esterilización definitiva con electrofulguración de trompas uterinas por laparoscopia: Experimento clínico controlado, aleatorizado, con doble enmascaramiento
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J. Ricardo Navarro
, Gabriel Barragán**, David A. Rincón***, Javier H. Eslava****
* MD. Anestesiólogo. Presidente de la Sociedad Cundinamarquesa de Anestesiología (SCA), Miembro del Comité de Reanimación de la Sociedad Colombiana de Anestesiología y Reanimación (SCARE). Profesor Asociado.
** Interno Especial de Anestesiología.
*** MD Anestesiólogo.
**** MD Anestesiólogo. Maestría en Dirección Universitaria y en Epidemiología Clínica. PhD en Salud Pública. Profesor Asociado. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Unidad de Anestesiología y Reanimación, Departamento de Cirugía, Facultad de Medicina.
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Resumen
Antecedentes

La analgesia preventiva continúa siendo fuente de discusión y desacuerdo entre los especialistas que manejan el dolor. Hay resultados contradictorios, incluidos algunos metaanálisis, sobre la efectividad de la analgesia preventiva con ketamina.

Objetivo

Evaluar la eficacia de la ketamina preventiva en la cirugía ambulatoria de mujeres programadas para esterilización definitiva con electrofulguración por laparoscopia, en la disminución del dolor postoperatorio, comparada contra ketamina administrada de manera no preventiva.

Materiales y Métodos

Entre diciembre de 2007 y enero de 2008 se incluyeron 130 mujeres de la Clínica Piloto de Profamilia, en Bogotá (Colombia), que deseaban planificar mediante ligadura de trompas. Fueron asignadas de manera aleatoria simple a dos grupos: a 71 pacientes se les administró ketamina antes de la incisión quirúrgica (0.25 mg/kg) y a 59 pacientes se les administró ketamina a la misma dosis al final del procedimiento. La administración de ketamina y la evaluación de los desenlaces se realizaron de manera enmascarada.

Resultados

El nivel de dolor medido mediante la Escala Visual Análoga (EVA) fue similar para ambos grupos, aunque hubo una mayor proporción de pacientes con dolor al minuto 15 en el grupo de ketamina preventiva (19.7% vs. 6.8%, p=0.03). El grupo de ketamina no preventiva presentó más náusea (15% vs 10%) y mareo (46% vs. 37%), aunque esto no fue significativo (p>0,05).

Conclusión

La eficacia de la ketamina preventiva para el alivio del dolor postoperatorio no fue diferenre a la de la ketamina no preventiva.

Palabras Clave:
Analgesia Preventiva
Ketamina
Ligadura de Trompas
Cirugía por Laparoscopia
Summary
Background

The pre-emptive analgesia keeps being a source of discussion and discord between the specialists in the pain management. There are contradictory results, even in meta-analysis, about effectiveness of preemptive analgesia with ketamine.

Objective

To evaluate effectiveness of ketamine as preemptive analgesia in women under laparoscopic electrofulguration of Falopio tubes, in control of postoperative pain, compared with ketamine administered in a non preemptive way.

Material and methods

130 women who wanted a definitive contraceptive method as laparoscopic tubal ligation were included with the diagnosis of satisfied parity, from the Clínica Piloto de Profamilia, in Bogotá (Colombia), between december 2007 and january o2008. They were randomly assigned in two groups: 71 received preemptive ketamine (before initiating the surgical procedure, dose of 0,25 mg/kg) and the other 59 patients received ketamine, the same doses, at the end of the procedure. Both, administration of ketamine and evaluation of patients outcomes, were made in blinded form.

Results

Patients were similar at the start of the study. The level of pain measured with a visual analog scale (VAS) was similar for both groups, there was a higher proportion of patients with pain in the preemptive ketamine group to the minute 15 (29.7% vs 6.8%) Ketamine non preemptive group, felt more nauseous (25% vs. 10% and seasickness (46% vs 37%), this was not significative (p>0.05)).

Conclusions

The preemptive ketamine wasn't different in effectiveness to ketamine administered in non preemptive way for the relief of postoperative pain.

Key words:
Preemptive Analgesia
Ketamine
Laparoscopic Tubal Ligation
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Copyright © 2008. Revista Colombiana de Anestesiología
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