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Vol. 20. Issue 4.
Pages 213-222 (July - August 2013)
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Vol. 20. Issue 4.
Pages 213-222 (July - August 2013)
DOI: 10.1016/S0120-5633(13)70058-5
Open Access
Factores de riesgo en diabetes mellitus y pie diabético: un enfoque hacia la prevención primaria
Risk factors of diabetes mellitus and diabetic foot: a primary approach to prevention
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Análida E. Pinilla1,2,
Corresponding author
aepinillar@unal.edu.co

Correspondencia: Ciudad Universitaria. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Edificio Facultad de Medicina. Departamento de Medicina Interna, Bogotá, Colombia. Teléfono: (57-1) 316 5000 extensión: 15167.
, María del P. Barrera3, Ana L. Sánchez4, Arturo Mejía4
1 Grupo de Apoyo Pedagógico y Formación Docente
2 International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot
3 Departamento de Nutrición Humana, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Bogotá, Colombia
4 Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Bogotá, Colombia
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Objetivo

revisar la literatura sobre factores de riesgo asociados a diabetes mellitus y sus complicaciones, las estrategias de prevención y la importancia de programas interdisciplinarios para mejorar la calidad de vida.

Fuente de datos

búsqueda de la literatura científica publicada en español e inglés, en bases de datos como Medline, SciELO y otras de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia mediante palabras clave; además, revisión de libros y consensos afines con el tema.

Selección de estudios

se revisaron los títulos y resúmenes de documentos para seleccionar las publicaciones originales, así como las más representativas con relación a prevención primaria y educación.

Extracción de datos

la literatura se clasificó y organizó de acuerdo con el tema principal y la estructura del artículo.

Síntesis de datos

se inició un análisis crítico para ordenar y sintetizar los avances relacionados con los siguientes ítems: factores de riesgo para diabetes mellitus, epidemiología, pie diabético, educación, prevención primaria y estilos de vida relacionados con ejercicio y alimentación.

Conclusión

el impacto de la diabetes mellitus y sus complicaciones en la salud de los individuos hace necesario establecer políticas de salud pública de prevención primaria, para minimizar el progreso de esta epidemia. Es esencial instaurar y fortalecer programas educativos orientados por profesionales de la salud, además de implementar la formación en diabetes mellitus en los currículos de pregrado y posgrado del área de la salud.

Palabras clave:
prevención
diabetes mellitus
factores de riesgo
Objective

to review the literature on risk factors associated with diabetes mellitus and its complications, prevention strategies and the importance of interdisciplinary programs to improve the quality of life.

Data source

search of the scientific literature published in Spanish and English, in databases such as Medline, SciELO and others from the National University of Colombia using keywords; also book reviews and consensus related to the topic.

Study selection

the titles and abstracts of papers were reviewed in order to select the original publications, as well as the most representative ones in relation to primary prevention and education.

Data extraction

the literature was classified and organized according to the main theme and the structure of the article.

Data Synthesis

a critical analysis was initiated to organize and synthesize the advances related to the following items: risk factors for diabetes mellitus, epidemiology, diabetic foot, education, primary prevention and lifestyles related with exercise and diet.

Conclusion

the impact of diabetes mellitus and its complications in the health of individuals makes it necessary to establish public health policies for primary prevention to minimize the progress of this epidemic. It is essential to establish and strengthen educational programs oriented by health professionals, as well as to implement the training in diabetes mellitus in the undergraduate and graduate curricula of the health area.

Key words:
prevention
diabetes mellitus
risk factors
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Copyright © 2013. Sociedad Colombiana de Cardiología y Cirugía Cardiovascular

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