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Original Article
Available online 22 February 2023
Prevalence of Anxiety Symptoms Among Health Care Workers in Colombia During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Prevalencia de síntomas de ansiedad en personal de salud en Colombia durante la pandemia por COVID-19
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Joaquín O. Ruiz-Villaa,
Corresponding author
joruizvilla@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Sergio A. Ochoa-Orozcob, Andrés Gaviria-Mendozac,d, Juan D. Castrillón-Spitiac, Luis F. Echeverri-Catañoe, Jorge E. Machado-Albaf
a Anesthesiologist in Chief, Clinica los Rosales, Pereira, Colombia
b Psychiatrist in Chief, Grupo de Investigación Hospital Mental Universitario de Risaralda (HOMERIS), Pereira, Colombia
c Epidemiologist, Grupo de Investigación en Biomedicina, Fundación Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Pereira, Colombia
d Epidemiologist, Grupo de Investigación en Farmacoepidemiología y Farmacovigilancia, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira-Audifarma S.A. Pereira, Colombia
e General Practitioner, Grupo de Investigación en Farmacoepidemiología y Farmacovigilancia, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira-Audifarma S.A. Pereira, Colombia
f MD, PhD Pharmacology, Grupo de Investigación en Farmacoepidemiología y Farmacovigilancia, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira-Audifarma S.A. Pereira, Colombia
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Tables (2)
Table 1. Sociodemographic information of the respondents. Total sample and subgroups according to anxiety level.
Table 2. Miscellaneous factors explored in the respondents.
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Abstract
Objective

This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anxiety symptoms in a Colombian HCW sample during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was carried out by means of an online survey (May–June 2020). Respondents were HCWs in Colombia reached by a nonprobability sample. Zung's self-rating anxiety scale allowed the estimation of prevalence and classification of anxiety symptoms.

Results

A total of 568 HCWs answered the questionnaire, 66.0% were women, the mean age was 38.6±11.4 years. 28.9% presented with anxiety symptoms, of whom 9.2% were moderate–severe. Characteristics such as living with relatives at higher risk of mortality from COVID-19 infection (OR: 1.90; 95% CI: 1.308–2.762), female sex (OR: 2.16; 95% CI: 1.422–3.277), and personal history of psychiatric illness (OR: 3.41; 95% CI: 2.08–5.57) were associated with higher levels of anxiety. Access to sufficient personal protective equipment (OR: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.318–0.903) and age >40 years (OR: 0.53; 95% CI: 0.358–0.789) were associated with lower anxiety levels.

Conclusions

Anxious symptoms are common in the population of HCWs faced with patient care during the COVID-19 pandemic. Different strategies are required to intervene with subgroups at risk of developing higher levels of anxiety during the pandemic.

Keywords:
Coronavirus
Healthcare workers
Anxiety
Mental health
Colombia
Resumen
Objetivo

Determinar la prevalencia de síntomas de ansiedad en una muestra de personal de salud (PDS) colombianos durante la pandemia por COVID-19.

Métodos

Se llevó a cabo un estudio de corte transversal mediante una encuesta en línea (mayo a junio de 2020). Los encuestados fueron PDS en Colombia reclutados mediante una muestra no probabilística. La escala de autoevaluación de ansiedad de Zung permitió la estimación de la prevalencia y la clasificación de los síntomas de ansiedad.

Resultados

Un total de 568 PDS respondieron el cuestionario, el 66,0% fueron mujeres y la edad promedio fue de 38,6±11,4 años. El 28,9% presentaron síntomas de ansiedad, de los cuales el 9,2% fueron moderados-severos. Características como vivir con familiares con mayor riesgo de mortalidad por infección por COVID-19 (OR: 1,90; IC 95%: 1,308-2,762), sexo femenino (OR: 2,16; IC 95%: 1,422-3,277) y la presencia de historia personal de patología psiquiátrica (OR: 3,41; IC 95%: 2,08-5,57) se asociaron con mayores niveles de ansiedad. El acceso a elementos de protección personal suficientes (OR: 0,45; IC 95%: 0,318-0,903) y las edades >40 años (OR: 0,53; IC 95%: 0,358-0,789) se correlacionaron con menores niveles de ansiedad.

Conclusiones

Los síntomas ansiosos son comunes en la población de PDS enfrentados al cuidado de pacientes durante la pandemia por COVID-19. Se requieren diferentes estrategias para intervenir los subgrupos en riesgo de desarrollar mayores niveles de ansiedad durante la pandemia.

Palabras clave:
Coronavirus
Personal de salud
Ansiedad
Salud mental
Colombia

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