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Inicio Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría (English Edition) Sleep quality and perinatal depression in pregnant women treated in a primary ca...
Journal Information
Vol. 52. Issue 4.
Pages 287-296 (October - December 2023)
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Vol. 52. Issue 4.
Pages 287-296 (October - December 2023)
Original article
Sleep quality and perinatal depression in pregnant women treated in a primary care centre in Lima, Peru
Calidad del sueño y depresión perinatal en gestantes atendidas en un centro de atención primaria en Lima, Perú
Luis Choquez-Millana,
Corresponding author
luisjosecmillan@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Alonso Sotob
a Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
b Departamento de Medicina, Hospital Nacional Hipólito Unanue, Lima, Peru
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Tables (5)
Table 1A. Sociodemographic characteristics of pregnant women at the Virgen del Carmen Maternal and Child Centre in Lima, Peru, 2019.
Table 1B. Components of the Pittsburgh sleep quality index of pregnant women at the Centro Materno Infantil Virgen del Carmen in Lima, Peru, 2019.
Table 2. Risk of perinatal depression according to the Edinburgh scale and its association with sociodemographic characteristics and its association with the type of sleep quality of pregnant women at the Centro Materno Infantil Virgen del Carmen in Lima, Peru.
Table 3. Association of individual items of the Pittsburgh index with the risk of perinatal depression at the Centro Materno Infantil Virgen del Carmen in Lima, Peru, 2019.
Table 4. Association between sleep quality and risk of perinatal depression at the Centro Materno Infantil Virgen del Carmen, Peru, 2019. Results of raw and adjusted analysis.
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Abstract
Objective

The aim is to evaluate the association between sleep quality and perinatal depression in pregnant women between the 12th week of gestation and the 36th week of gestation in a maternity and child centre in Lima.

Methods

Analytical cross-sectional study in pregnant women cared for in a primary care centre between August and December 2019. The data were collected through a self-administered survey. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess sleep quality. The evaluation of perinatal depression was performed with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). For the multivariate analysis, Poisson regression with robust variances was used to calculate the crude and adjusted prevalence ratios and their respective confidence intervals.

Results

The sample was composed of 200 participants. The median [IQR] age was 26 [22–32] years, and 111 (55.5%) pregnancies were unplanned. 52% presented a poor quality of sleep and the risk of perinatal depression was 31.5%. Poor quality of sleep was associated with a significantly higher frequency of perinatal depression (aPR = 4.8 for those with poor quality of sleep warranting medical attention, and aPR = 6.6 for those with poor quality of sleep warranting medical attention and treatment).

Conclusions

There is a possible association between poor sleep quality and perinatal depression in pregnant women between weeks 12 and 36 of gestation. Operational research should be promoted to assess whether interventions to improve sleep quality could have a positive impact on reducing perinatal depression.

Keywords:
Pregnant women
Peru
Depression
Sleep
Sleep-wake disorders
Resumen
Objetivo

Evaluar la asociación entre la calidad del sueño y la depresión perinatal en gestantes que cursan entre las semanas de gestación 12 y 36 en un centro materno-infantil de Lima.

Métodos

Estudio transversal analítico en gestantes atendidas en un centro de atención primaria entre agosto y diciembre de 2019. Los datos se recogieron mediante una encuesta autoaplicada. Se empleó el Índice de calidad del sueño de Pittsburgh (PSQI) para la evaluación de la calidad de sueño. La depresión perinatal se evaluó con la Escala de Depresión Posnatal de Edimburgo (EPDS). Para el análisis multivariado, se utilizó la regresión de Poisson con varianzas robustas a fin de calcular las razones de prevalencia brutas y ajustadas y sus respectivos intervalos de confianza.

Resultados

Se incluyó a 200 participantes. La mediana de edad [intervalo intercuartílico] fue 26 [22–32] años y 111 gestaciones (55,5%) fueron no planificadas. El 52% tenía mala calidad del sueño, y el riesgo de depresión perinatal fue del 31,5%. La mala calidad del sueño se asoció con una frecuencia significativamente mayor de depresión perinatal (con mala calidad de sueño que merece atención médica, RPa = 4,8; con mala calidad de sueño que merece atención y tratamiento médico, RPa = 6,6).

Conclusiones

Existe una posible asociación entre la mala calidad del sueño y la depresión perinatal en gestantes entre las semanas 12 y 36 de gestación. Se debe promover investigaciones operativas a fin de evaluar si intervenciones para mejorar la calidad del sueño podrían tener un impacto positivo en la reducción de la depresión perinatal.

Palabras clave:
Embarazadas
Perú
Depresión
Sueño
Trastornos del sueño-vigilia

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