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Inicio Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría Violence Exposure and Disability in Colombian Female Survivors of Intimate Partn...
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Vol. 53. Issue 1.
Pages 55-62 (January - March 2024)
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Vol. 53. Issue 1.
Pages 55-62 (January - March 2024)
Artículo original
Violence Exposure and Disability in Colombian Female Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence: the Mediating Role of Depressive Symptoms
Exposición a la violencia y discapacidad en mujeres colombianas sobrevivientes de violencia de pareja íntima: el papel mediador de los síntomas depresivos
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Lina Marcela Sandovala,b,
Corresponding author
, Elvis Siprian Castroc, Andrés Fandiño-Losadaa, Sara Gabriela Pacichana-Quinayaza, Shirley Evelyn Lennona, María Isabel Gutiérrez-Martíneza
a School of Health, Cisalva Institute, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
b Institución Universitaria Escuela Nacional del Deporte, Cali, Colombia
c School of Human Rehabilitation, Grupo SINERGIA, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
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Table 1. Sociodemographic characteristics of the study population.
Table 2. Direct effects, indirect effects and total effects on the relationships between severity of IPV, depressive symptoms and levels of disability.
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Abstract
Background

Violence is an important public health problem and one of the main causes of deaths worldwide. The mental health consequences of surviving intimate partner violence (IPV) include depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder. Previous studies have identified that there is a relationship between depression and level of disability in female survivors of IPV. Estimating the direct, indirect or total effect of an exposure on an outcome makes it possible to identify mediating effects between a group of variables. Detecting mediation effects is useful for identifying casual pathways that generate a final outcome and provides a rationale for designing interventions to target the mediator, which in turn positively affects the outcome. The objective was to identify the mediating role of depressive symptoms on the relationship between IPV and disability.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional study of 94 women over the age of 18 who were survivors of IPV by men. They were recruited from two public hospitals in Cali and Tuluá in southwest Colombia. An analysis of casual relationships was performed using structural equation modelling that was made up of: four exogenous observed variables (age, current relationship status [in a relationship or single], level of schooling, and history of an impairment), intermediate endogenous variables (violence and depressive symptoms), and the main endogenous variable (disability). The analyses were carried out in Stata14.2.

Results

The direct effect of IPV severity on the level of disability was not statistically significant (β=0.09; P=0.63). However, the indirect effect of IPV severity on disability mediated by depressive symptoms was (β=0.39; P<0.01). The total effect of IPV severity on the level of disability was even greater (β=0.48; P=0.01).

Conclusions

This study found a complete mediating role of depressive symptoms on the relationship between the severity of IPV and the level of disability for the female participants in this study. The results of this research contribute to defining strategies to prevent and address intimate partner violence, depressive symptoms and disability in this population.

Keywords:
Disability
Intimate partner violence
Depressive symptoms
Mediating
Path analysis
Resumen
Introducción

La violencia es un importante problema de salud pública y una de las principales causas de muerte en todo el mundo. Las consecuencias para la salud mental de sobrevivir a la violencia de la pareja íntima incluyen depresión, ansiedad y trastorno de estrés postraumático. Estudios previos han identificado que existe una relación entre la depresión y el nivel de discapacidad en mujeres sobrevivientes a violencia de pareja íntima. La estimación del efecto directo, indirecto o total de una exposición en un resultado permite identificar efectos mediadores en un grupo de variables. La detección de los efectos de la mediación es útil para identificar vías causales que generan un resultado final y proporciona una justificación para diseñar intervenciones dirigidas al mediador, lo que a su vez afecta positivamente al resultado. El objetivo es identificar el efecto mediador de los síntomas de depresión en la relación entre gravedad de la violencia y el nivel de discapacidad de las mujeres víctimas de violencia de pareja.

Métodos

Estudio transversal que incluyó a 94 mujeres de 18 o más años víctimas de violencia de pareja, identificadas en 2 instituciones públicas de salud de Cali y Tuluá, en el suroccidente de Colombia. Se realizó un análisis de rutas causales mediante un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM), en Stata® 14.

Resultados

El efecto directo de la gravedad de la violencia en la discapacidad no es significativo (β=0,09; p=0,63); sin embargo, el efecto indirecto mediado por los síntomas de depresión incrementa su magnitud y es significativo (β=0,39; p <0,01). El efecto total es mayor y significativo (β=0,48; p=0,01).

Conclusiones

Existe un papel mediador de los síntomas depresivos entre la exposición a violencia de pareja y el nivel de discapacidad en las mujeres del suroccidente colombiano. Así, tratar los síntomas de depresión es fundamental para mejorar la funcionalidad de las mujeres víctimas de la violencia de pareja. Los resultados de esta investigación contribuyen a definir estrategias para prevenir y abordar la violencia de pareja, los síntomas depresivos y la discapacidad en esta población.

Palabras clave:
Discapacidad
Violencia íntima de pareja
Síntomas depresivos
Mediación
Análisis de ruta

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