metricas
covid
Buscar en
Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría
Toda la web
Inicio Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría Trastorno bipolar y suicidabilidad en pacientes colombianos
Journal Information
Vol. 40. Issue S.
Pages 108S-118S (January 2011)
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Vol. 40. Issue S.
Pages 108S-118S (January 2011)
Artículos originales
Full text access
Trastorno bipolar y suicidabilidad en pacientes colombianos
Bipolar Disorder and Suicidality in Colombian Patients.
Visits
1108
Germán Eduardo Rueda-Jaimes1,
Corresponding author
gredu@unab.edu.co

Correspondencia: Germán Eduardo Rueda-Jaimes, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga, Calle 157 No. 19-55, Cañaveral Parque, Bucaramanga, Colombia
, Andrés Mauricio Rangel-Martínez-Villalba2, Paul Anthony Camacho3
1 Médico, profesor asociado y director del Grupo de Neuropsiquiatría del Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas de la Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga. Director científico del Instituto del Sistema Nervioso del Oriente. Bucaramanga, Colombia
2 Médico, investigador del Grupo de Neuropsiquiatría del Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas de la Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga. Residente de segundo año de Psiquiatría la Universidad de Antioquia. Bucaramanga, Colombia
3 MSc, investigador invitado del Grupo de Neuropsiquiatría de la Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga. Bucaramanga, Colombia
This item has received
Article information
Resumen
Introducción

Tradicionalmente se ha considerado que el riesgo de muerte por suicidio de un paciente con trastorno depresivo mayor (TDM) es superior a un paciente con trastorno bipolar (TB); sin embargo, evidencia reciente muestra que el riesgo es similar o mayor para los pacientes con TB. Los objetivos son determinar las diferencias según el diagnóstico (TDM o TB) en una muestra de pacientes con suicidabilidad que acuden a consulta especializada en una clínica privada de Bucaramanga, Colombia, y determinar las características específicas de pacientes con TB.

Métodos

Estudio de casos y controles anidados en una cohorte prospectiva. Se tomó una muestra consecutiva de los pacientes que consultan con suicidabilidad. Se realizó un análisis multivariado donde se compararon los pacientes con TB con aquellos en los cuales su diagnóstico fue TDM.

Resultados

Se entrevistaron 612 pacientes, pero en el estudio se incluyeron 593, puesto que 19 presentaban datos incompletos; 125 pacientes presentaron TB; 335, TDM, y 133, otros diagnósticos. Edad: OR=0,98 (0,96–0,99); abuso de sustancias: OR=2,14 (1,3-3,5); impulsividad: OR=1,85 (1,2-2,9); apoyo familiar: OR=0,46 (0,3-0,7). Estos factores diferenciaron a los pacientes con TB de los pacientes con TDM.

Conclusión

Los pacientes con TB que acudieron por suicidabilidad a una clínica privada de Bucaramanga, Colombia, presentaron mayor riesgo suicida que pacientes similares con TDM u otros diagnósticos. Los factores que diferencian los pacientes con TB de aquellos con TDM fueron una edad menor, el abuso de sustancias, la impulsividad y la falta de apoyo familiar.

Palabras clave:
Suicidio
intento de suicidio
ideación suicida
trastorno bipolar
Abstract
Introduction

Traditionally suicidally in a patient with major depressive disorder (MDD) is considered to be s higher than in a patient with bipolar disorder (BD), however recent evidence shows that the risk is similar or greater for patients with BD. The aim of this study was to determine the differences according to diagnosis in a sample of patients with suicidality attending a specialized private clinic in Bucaramanga, Colombia, and to identify specific characteristics of patients with BD.

Methods

Case-control study nested in a prospective cohort. A consecutive sample of patients with suicidality was collected. A multivariate analysis was performed in patients with BD to compare with those in whom the diagnosis was MDD.

Results

612 patients were interviewed but only 593 were included in the study because of incomplete data in the other 9. 125 patients had BD, 335 MDD and 133 other diagnoses. Age OR = 0.98 (0.96 to 0.99), substance abuse, OR = 2.14 (1.3 to 3.5), impulsivity OR = 1.85 (1.2–2.9), and family support OR = 0.46 (0.3 to 0.7) differentiated patients with BD from patients with MDD.

Conclusion

Suicidal patients with BD who attended a private clinic in Bucaramanga had higher suicidal risk than patients with MDD or other diagnoses. The factors that differentiated patients with BD from patients with MDD were younger age, substance abuse, impulsivity, and lack of family support.

Key words:
Suicide
suicide, attempted
suicidal ideation
bipolar disorder
Full text is only aviable in PDF
Referencias
[1]
Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS).
Prevención del suicidio para médicos generalistas. Trastornos mentales y cerebrales. Departamento de salud mental y toxicomanías, OMS, (2000),
[2]
Ministerio de la Protección Social (Colombia).
Estudio Nacional de Salud Mental, Colombia, 2003, Ministerio de la Protección Social - Fundación FES, (2005),
[3]
DM Valenzuela.
Suicidio. Colombia, 2009. Epidemiología del suicidio. [internet]. 2010 [citado: 23 de abril del 2011].
[4]
LL Judd, HS Akiskal.
The prevalence and disability of bipolar spectrum disorders in the US population: reanalysis of the ECA database taking into account subthreshold cases.
J Affect Disord, 73 (2003), pp. 123-131
[5]
SM Strakowski, SL McElroy, PE Keck, et al.
Suicidality among patients with mixed and maniac bipolar disorder.
Am J Psychiatry, 153 (1996), pp. 674-676
[6]
LN Abreu, B Lafer, E Baca-García, et al.
Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in bipolar disorder type I: an update for the clinician.
Rev Bras Psiquiatr, 31 (2009), pp. 271-280
[7]
H Valtonen, K Suominen, O Mantere, et al.
Suicidal ideation and attempts in bipolar I and II disorders.
J Clin Psychiatry, 66 (2005), pp. 1456-1462
[8]
EC Harris, B Barraclough.
Suicide as an outcome for mental disorders: a meta-analysis.
Br J Psychiatry, 170 (1997), pp. 205-228
[9]
F Angst, HH Stassen, PJ Clayton, et al.
Mortality of patients with mood disorders: follow-up over 34-38 years.
J Affect Disord, 68 (2002), pp. 167-181
[10]
EH Hoyer, PB Mortensen, AV Olesen.
Mortality and causes of death in a total national sample of patients with affective disorders admitted for the first time between 1973 and 1993.
Br J Psychiatry, 176 (2000), pp. 76-82
[11]
L Tondo, B Lepri, RJ Baldessarini.
Suicidal risks among 2826 Sardinian major affective disorder patients.
Acta Psychiatr Scand, 116 (2007), pp. 419-428
[12]
M Dhossche.
Suicidal behavior in psychiatric emergency room patients.
South Med J, 93 (2000), pp. 310-314
[13]
MA Young, LF Fogg, WA Scheftner, et al.
Interactions of risk factors in predicting suicide.
Am J Psychiatry, 151 (1994), pp. 434-435
[14]
AL Beautrais.
Further suicide behavior among medically serious suicide attempters.
Suicide Life Threat Behav, 34 (2004), pp. 1-11
[15]
PR Casey.
Factors associated with suicidal ideation in the general population.
Br J Psychiatry, 189 (2006), pp. 410-415
[16]
Ministerio de Salud de Colombia.
Resolución 008430 por la cual se establecen las normas científicas, técnicas y administrativas para la investigación en salud, Ministerio de Salud, (1993),
[17]
Asociación Médica Mundial.
Declaración de Helsinki [internet]. 2008 [citado: 3 de julio del 2010].
[18]
MM Silverman.
The language of suicidology.
Suicide Life Threat Behav, 36 (2006), pp. 519-532
[19]
STATA 9.0 for windows, StataCorp LP, (2005),
[20]
S Greenland.
Modeling and variable selection in epidemiologic analysis.
Am J Public Health, 79 (1989), pp. 340-349
[21]
DW Hosmer, S Lemeshow.
Applied logistic regression, 2nd ed., John Wiley & Sons Inc, (2000),
[22]
YW Chen, SC Dilsaver.
Lifetime rates of suicide attempts among subjects with bipolar and unipolar disorder relative to subjects with other Axis I disorders.
Biol Psychiatry, 39 (1996), pp. 896-899
[23]
R Bottlender, M Jager, A Strauß, et al.
Suicidality in bipolar compared to unipolar depressed in patients.
Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci, 250 (2000), pp. 257-261
[24]
JD Maser, HS Akiskal, P Schettler, et al.
Can temperament identify affectively ill patients who engage in lethal or near-lethal suicidal behavior? a 14-year prospective study.
Suicide Life Threat Behav, 32 (2002), pp. 10-32
[25]
MA Oquendo, C Waternaux, B Brodsky, et al.
Suicidal behavior in bipolar mood disorder: clinical characteristics of attempters and nonattempters.
J Affect Disord, 59 (2000), pp. 107-117
[26]
S Kapur, T Mieczkowski, JJ Mann.
Antidepressant medications and the relative risk of suicide attempt and suicide.
JAMA, 268 (1992), pp. 3441-3445
[27]
HS Akiskal, F Benazzi.
Does the FDA proposed list of possible correlates of suicidality associated with antide-pressants apply to an adult private practice population?.
J Affect Disord, 94 (2006), pp. 105-110
[28]
EC Harris, B Barraclough.
Excess mortality of mental disorder.
Br J Psychiatry, 173 (1998), pp. 11-53
[29]
E Johnsson, M Fridell.
Suicide attempts in a cohort of drug abusers: a 5-year follow-up study.
Acta Psychiatr Scand, 96 (1997), pp. 362-366
[30]
JF Goldberg, TM Singer, JL Garno.
Suicidality and substance abuse in affective disorders.
J Clin Psychiatry, 62 (2001), pp. 35-43
[31]
JJ Rucklidge.
Psychosocial functioning of adolescents with and without pediatric bipolar disorder.
J Affect Disord, 91 (2006), pp. 181-188
[32]
GP Algorta, EA Youngstrom, TW Frazier, et al.
Suicidality in pediatric bipolar disorder: predictor or outcome of family processes and mixed mood presentation?.
Bipolar Disord, 13 (2011), pp. 76-86
[33]
Goldstein TR, Sinwell N, Birmaher B, et al. Family environment and suicidality among bipolar youth. Documento presentado en: The annual Pediatric Bipolar Disorder Conference. March 28-29, 2008. Cambridge (MA).
[34]
CJ Rizzo, C Esposito-Smythers, L Swenson, et al.
Factors associated with mental health service utilization among bipolar youth.
Bipolar Disord, 9 (2007), pp. 839-850

Conflictos de interés: Los autores manifiestan que no tienen conflictos de interés en este artículo.

Copyright © 2011. Asociación Colombiana de Psiquiatría
Download PDF
Article options