Article information
Resumen
Las espondiloartritis corresponden a un grupo heterogéneo de enfermedades crónicas caracterizadas por entesitis tanto axial como periférica, artritis y menos comúnmente manifestaciones extra articulares. Se encuentran fuertemente ligadas a factores genéticos y en algunos pacientes a infecciones por bacterias artritogénicas. Su presentación y curso clínico se encuentran influenciados por la etnia, el género y la edad de inicio de la enfermedad.
La Espondilitis Anquilosante (EA) como prototipo de espondiloartritis es una enfermedad hereditaria con un 90% de susceptibilidad atribuible a factores genéticos. Desde el descubrimiento de la asociación del alelo HLA-B*27 en los años setenta, las bases moleculares de esta asociación, una de las más fuertes entre una molécula del Complejo Mayor de Histocompatibilidad y una enfermedad, permanecen sin esclarecer. La fuerte asociación del HLA-B*27 confiere a este alelo un papel significativo de susceptibilidad para el desarrollo de la enfermedad. Varios estudios han informado la asociación de otros genes dentro del Complejo Mayor de Histocompatibilidad con la susceptibilidad para el desarrollo de la enfermedad en varios grupos poblacionales.
Palabras clave:
espondiloartritis
poblaciones
asociación
Summary
Spondylarthritis refers to a heterogeneous group of chronic diseases characterized by both axial and peripheral enthesitis, arthritis and extra articular manifestations. There is strongly linked to genetic factors and in some patients is related to clinical infections by arthritogenic bacteria. The clinical presentation and evolution are influenced by ethnicity, gender and age of onset.
Ankylosing Spondylitis as a prototype of Spondylarthritis is an inherited disease with 90% of susceptibility related to genetic factors. Since the publication of the association of HLA-B*27 in the 70's, the molecular component of this association, one of the strongest between a molecule of Major Histocompatibility Complex and disease, remains unclear. The strong association of HLA-B*27 gives to this allele a significant role in susceptibility related to disease development. Several studies have reported the association of other genes within the Major Histocompatibility Complex to susceptibility for development of the disease in others population groups.
Key words:
spondylitis
population
association
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Grupo de Espondiloartritis. Servicio Reumatología e Inmunología. Hospital Militar Central. Universidad de la Sabana. Bogotá. Transversal 3 # 49-00 Tercer Piso. Teléfono 0571-3486868 Ext. 5050.
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