Article information
Resumen
La gota es una artropatía inflamatoria caracterizada por brotes autolimitados de artritis con marcado dolor como consecuencia de los depósitos de cristales de urato monosódico (UMS) en los tejidos articulares y periarticulares. En algunas ocasiones se puede desarrollar una gota tofácea crónica que puede conducir a una importante destrucción articular y por ende una marcada discapacidad. La gota es la causa más común de artritis inflamatoria entre hombres y mujeres post-menopáusicas.
Durante los últimos años se han dado pasos importantes en la patogenia de la gota, tanto a nivel de estudios genéticos, como la participación del inflamosoma, comportándose la gota como una enfermedad auto-inflamatoria.
Adicionalmente, se han desarrollado nuevos agentes farmacológicos incluyendo anti-IL1 (anakinra, rinolacept y canakinumab) e inhibidores de xantina oxidasa (febuxostat) los cuales han demostrado ser útiles en términos de reducción de las concentraciones séricas de ácido úrico (AU) en pacientes resistentes o con intolerancia a las terapias hipouricemiantes convencionales.
Palabras clave:
gota
hiperuricemia
inflamosoma
IL-1
alopurinol
febuxostat
Summary
Gout is an inflammatory arthritis characterized by selflimiting but excruciatingly painful acute attacks. These are a consequence of monosodium urate crystal deposition within articular or periarticular tissue. After years of acute intermittent gout, chronic tophaceous gout can develop. Gout is the most frequent cause of inflammatory arthritis in men and postmenopausic women.
Several important advances had been developed during last years in terms of pathogenic mechanisms, including genetic and inflammatory aspects such as the participation of inflammosome. In that sense, the gout can follow a course similar than othe autoinflammatory disorders.
Additionally, new therapeutic agents had been developed, including anti-IL1 antibodies (anakinra, rinolacept and canakinumab) and xanthine oxidase inhibitors such as febuxostat. Those treatments had demonstrated efficacy in term of lowering serum urate concentrations in refractory patients to conventional treatments.
Key words:
gout
hyperuricemia
inflammosome
IL-1
allopurinol
febuxostat
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