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Revista Colombiana de Reumatología
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Inicio Revista Colombiana de Reumatología Medicina alternativa en el tratamiento de la osteoartrosis y artritis reumatoide...
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Vol. 19. Issue 4.
Pages 234-244 (December 2012)
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Vol. 19. Issue 4.
Pages 234-244 (December 2012)
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Medicina alternativa en el tratamiento de la osteoartrosis y artritis reumatoide. Revisión sistemática de la literatura y meta-análisis
Alternative medicine as treatment of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Systematic review of literature and meta-analysis
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Andrés Jagua Gualdrón
Corresponding author
ajaguag@unal.edu.co

Correspondencia:.
Grupo de investigación Salud y Equidad. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Hospital San Rafael de Fusagasugá. Colombia., Bogotá D.C., Colombia. Salud comunitaria, E.S.E
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Resumen
Antecedentes

Las medicinas y terapias alternativas son empleadas con frecuencia en los pacientes que padecen de osteoartrosis y artritis reumatoide como tratamientos únicos o alternativos. No se ha realizado una revisión sistemática que explore la mejor evidencia disponible, hasta la actualidad, sobre la eficacia de medicinas y terapéuticas alternativas de uso frecuente.

Objetivo

Analizar la evidencia disponible sobre el uso de las medicinas y terapéuticas alternativas (acupuntura, homeopatía, terapia neural, campos electromagnéticos, medicina ayurveda, cartílago de tiburón, osteopatía, yoga, meditación) en el manejo de pacientes con osteoartritis y artritis reumatoide.

Materiales y métodos

Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura. La búsqueda se efectuó en las bases de datos Pubmed, Ovid, Cochrane library y LiLacs, además se incluyeron revisiones sistemáticas y ensayos clínicos publicados entre los años 1998 y 2012 en idiomas inglés y español. Se realizó un análisis de calidad de los estudios utilizando el instrumento SIGN y se analizó la información con un enfoque cualitativo y cuantitativo. Se tuvieron en cuenta desenlaces clínicos y paraclínicos. Se realizó un análisis por subgrupos para la osteoartrosis y la artritis reumatoide.

Resultados

A través de la búsqueda se identificaron 11 estudios en los que se evaluaron la acupuntura, la homeopatía y la medicina ayurveda. No se encontró evidencia sobre el uso de otras de las alternativas terapéuticas evaluadas en esta revisión. La acupuntura mostró algunos beneficios en el manejo de pacientes con osteoatrosis, sin embargo, no se encontraron comparaciones con analgésicos. Algunos geles homeopáticos tienen una eficacia similar al gel de piroxicam en el manejo del dolor en pacientes con osteoartrosis. Algunos medicamentos de la medicina ayurveda son superiores al placebo en el manejo de pacientes con osteoartrosis. El efecto de los tratamientos en pacientes con artritis reumatoide no mostró beneficios significativos.

Conclusión

No existe evidencia que permita recomendar el uso del yoga, meditación, cartílago de tiburón, terapia de campos electromagnéticos y terapia neural en el manejo de pacientes con osteoartrosis y artritis reumatoide. La acupuntura no es eficaz en el manejo de pacientes con artritis reumatoide. Se requieren más estudios para evaluar la recomendación del uso de la acupuntura y de la medicina ayurveda en el manejo de pacientes con osteoartrosis.

Palabras clave:
Terapias complementarias
acupuntura
medicina ayurveda
homeopatía
osteoartritis
artritis reumatoide
revisión sistemática como tópico
Summary
Introduction

Different series have found that rituximab is effective and safe in thrombocytopenia and autoimmune hemolytic anemia in children, however studies in early onset systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), juvenile dermatomyositis and vasculitis are scarce.

Objective and Methods

Describe the clinical response to rituximab in patients ≤18 years with rheumatic disease, evaluated in a pediatric hospital in the city of Medellín, Colombia. Cross sectional study in which we reviewed the medical records of patients with SLE, antiphospholipid syndrome, vasculitis and juvenile dermatomyositis that receiving rituximab between january 2006 and july 2011.

Results

19 patients ≤18 years received rituximab. The most common indication was lupus nephritis (LN) (47.4%), followed by autoimmune thrombocytopenia (26.3%). In patients with LN steroids was reduced by 58% and control of proteinuria in most cases. In autoimmune hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia adequate response was observed in 83%. The case of vasculitis was found response to therapy and the patient with juvenile dermatomyositis was refractory. No adverse events were reported.

Conclusions

improvement was observed with rituximab in SLE-associated hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia associated with SLE and antiphospholipid syndrome, who had not responded to first-line therapy. Although LN showed favorable clinical effect and saving allowed dose steroids, prospective studies are required to evaluate utility in patients with LN ≤18.

Key words:
Complementary therapies
acupuncture
ayurvedic medicine
homeopathy
osteoarthritis
rheumatoid disease
systematic review as topic
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Los autores declaran no presentar ningún conflicto de interés al momento de la redacción del manuscrito.

Copyright © 2012. Asociación Colombiana de Reumatología
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