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Inicio Revista Colombiana de Reumatología Síndrome antifosfolipídico: descripción de una cohorte de 32 pacientes del su...
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Vol. 17. Issue 3.
Pages 172-177 (September 2010)
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Vol. 17. Issue 3.
Pages 172-177 (September 2010)
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Síndrome antifosfolipídico: descripción de una cohorte de 32 pacientes del suroccidente colombiano
Antiphospholipid syndrome: description of a cohort of 32 patients in southwestern Colombia
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Luis Fernando Osio1, Gabriel Jaime Tobón1, Gloria Posada1, Carlos Enrique Toro1, Carlos Alberto Cañas2,*
1 Residente de Medicina Interna, CES - Fundación Valle del Lili. Cali, Colombia
2 Internista Reumatólogo, Fundación Valle del Lili. Cali, Colombia
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Resumen
Introducción

El síndrome antifosfolipídico (SAF) es un desorden de origen autoinmune caracterizado por una combinación de fenómenos trombóticos, pérdidas fetales recurrentes y aparición de títulos elevados de anticuerpos antifosfolipídicos. La forma de presentación en nuestro medio es poco conocida.

Objetivo

Describir las manifestaciones clínicas e inmunológicas de una cohorte de pacientes con SAF en el suroccidente colombiano.

Métodos

Se hace una revisión retrospectiva de pacientes con diagnóstico de SAF en la Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia, evaluados entre agosto de 2001 y junio de 2007. Se realiza un registro y análisis de las manifestaciones clínicas e inmunológicas.

Resultados

Se evaluaron 32 pacientes, con un promedio de edad de 39.03±12.6 años y una evolución de la enfermedad de 8 años en promedio. 28 pacientes fueron mujeres (87.5%). Se presentó SAF primario en 20 pacientes (62.5%). Las manifestaciones más frecuentes fueron las trombosis venosas (59.4%), arteriales (31.3%) y las complicaciones obstétricas (30% de las mujeres). Anticuerpos anticardiolipinas IgG fueron positivos en 20 pacientes (62.5%), anticardiolipinas IgM en 18 (56.3%), anticoagulante lúpico en 9 (28,1%) y VDRL falsamente positiva en 8 (25%). Las correlaciones más significativas fueron: trombosis venosa profunda (TVP) con tromboembolismo pulmonar (p 0.01), positividad para anticardiolipina del tipo IgG con manifestaciones cutáneas y TVP (p 0.05 respectivamente), positividad para anticardiolipina IgM con trombosis en el sitio de los accesos vasculares (p 0.05) y compromiso neurológico con presencia de ACL (p 0.05).

Conclusiones

Las características clínicas e inmunológicas de los pacientes con SAF en el suroccidente colombiano no difieren mayormente de otras series similares en Colombia u otros países. Existen algunas correlaciones entre autoanticuerpos y aspectos clínicos particularmente relevantes.

Palabras clave:
síndrome antifosfolípidos
anticuerpos antifosfolípido
Colombia
Summary
Introduction

The antiphospholipid syndrome (SAF), is an autoinmune disorder characterized by a combination of thrombosis phenomena, recurrent fetal losses and elevated titles of antiphospholipid antibodies. The form of presentation in our country is little unwell known.

Objective

To describe the clinical and immunological manifestations of one cohort of patients with SAF in the colombian southwest.

Methods

We describe a cohort of patients with diagnosis of SAF in the Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia, evaluated between august 2001 and june 2007. A data base to registry and analysis of the clinical and immunological manifestations was performed.

Results

32 patients were evaluated. Average of age was 39,03±12,6 years. The average time of evolution of disease was 8 years. 28 patients were women (87,5%). Primary SAF appeared in 20 patients (62,5%). The most frequent manifestations were the venous thrombosis (59,4%), arterial thrombosis (31,3%) and the obstetrical complications (30% of the women). Antibodies anticardiolipins IgG were positive in 20 patients (62,5%), IgM in 18 (56,3%). 9 patients (28.1%) were VDRL falsely positive. Lupus anticoagulant (LAC) was presented in 8 (25%). The most significant correlations were: deep venous thrombosis (TVP) with pulmonary tromboembolism (p 0,01), positivity for anticardiolipin of the IgG type with cutaneous manifestations and TVP (p 0,05 respectively), positivity for anticardiolipina IgM with thrombosis in the site of vascular accesses (p 0,05) and neurological manifestations with LAC presence (p 0,05).

Conclusions

The clinical and immunological characteristics of the patients with SAF in the colombian southwest do not defer from other similar series in Colombia or other countries. Some correlations between particular autoantibodies and clinical aspects are report.

Key words:
antiphospholipid syndrome
antiphospholipids antibodies
Colombia
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