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Inicio Revista Colombiana de Reumatología (English Edition) Relapse in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis: A cohort study from a centr...
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Vol. 31. Issue 3.
Pages 318-326 (July - September 2024)
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Vol. 31. Issue 3.
Pages 318-326 (July - September 2024)
Original Investigation
Relapse in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis: A cohort study from a centre for rheumatic diseases in Colombia
Recaída en pacientes con vasculitis asociadas a ANCA: un estudio de cohorte en un centro de enfermedades reumatológicas en Colombia
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Ana María Romero-Millána,
Corresponding author
anamromero00@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Andrés Arango-Vieiraa, Jaime Andrés Ibarra-Burgosa, Maria Antonia Mesa-Mayaa, María José Orrego-Garaya, Santiago Gómez-Mayaa, Tomás Giraldo-Hinestrozaa, Fabio Torres-Saavedrab, Diego Fernando Rojas-Gualdróna, Juan Camilo Díaz-Coronadoa,b
a Faculty of Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Internal Medicine, Universidad CES, Medellín, Colombia
b Group of Clinical Information, Artmedica IPS, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia
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Tables (5)
Table 1. Clinical and demographic characteristics of the patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis.
Table 2. Involvement by systems of patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis.
Table 3. ANCA results according to the clinical phenotype.
Table 4. Treatment of patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis.
Table 5. Characteristics of patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis who presented relapse in the first year of follow-up.
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Abstract
Introduction

Relapses are common in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV), which results in a significant burden of morbidity, mortality, impact on quality of life, disability, and cost. However, evidence in the Colombian population is scarce.

Objective

The objective of this study was to estimate the relapse-free survival during the first year and describe clinical and serological variables of patients with AAV in a specialized centre for rheumatic diseases in Colombia.

Materials and methods

A retrospective follow-up study was conducted on a cohort based on medical records of patients over 18 years old with confirmed diagnosis of AAV by the treating rheumatologist and who had achieved remission. Information on AAV relapse and clinical, immunoserological, and treatment-related characteristics was extracted. The relapse-free survival function during the first year was estimated.

Results

A total of 56 patients were included, 69.9% of whom were women, with a median age of 60 (IQR=48−63). According to the clinical phenotype, 64.3% were classified as granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), 23.2% as microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), and 12.5% as eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA). According to the European Vasculitis Study Group (EUVAS) classification, 39.3% had generalized AAV at debut, 23.2% had localized AAV, 21.4% had severe renal AAV, and 16.1% had systemic AAV. The median Five Factor Score (FFS) was 1 (IQR=0−2). The cumulative relapse-free survival at one year was 82.2%.

Conclusions

The relapse-free survival observed in this cohort was similar to other reports in clinical studies and AAV registries.

Keywords:
ANCA-associated vasculitis
Relapse
Autoimmune diseases
Colombia
Resumen
Introducción

Las recaídas son comunes en pacientes con vasculitis asociadas a ANCA (VAA), lo cual conlleva una carga significativa en morbimortalidad, impacto en calidad de vida, discapacidad y costo. No obstante, se cuenta con poca evidencia en población colombiana.

Objetivo

El objetivo de este estudio fue estimar la supervivencia libre de recaída durante el primer año en pacientes con VAA en un centro especializado en enfermedades reumatológicas en Colombia y describir las características clínicas y serológicas en esta población.

Materiales y métodos

Estudio de seguimiento retrospectivo a una cohorte basado en los registros médicos de pacientes mayores de 18 años con diagnóstico confirmado de VAA por el reumatólogo tratante y que habían alcanzado la remisión. Se extrajo información sobre recaída de VAA y sobre las características clínicas, inmunoserológicas y relacionadas con el tratamiento farmacológico. Se estimó la función de supervivencia libre de recaída durante el primer año.

Resultados

Se incluyeron 56 pacientes, el 69,9% mujeres, con edad mediana de 60 (RIC=48−63). Según el fenotipo clínico, se clasificó el 64,3% como granulomatosis con poliangitis (GPA), el 23,2% como poliangitis microscópica (PAM) y el 12,5% como granulomatosis eosinofílica con poliangitis (GEPA). Según la clasificación del Grupo de Estudio de Vasculitis Europeo (Euvas), el 39,3% debutó con VAA generalizada, el 23,2% con localizada, el 21,4% con renal grave y el 16,1% con sistémica. La mediana de Five Factor Score (FFS) fue de 1 (RIC=0−2). La supervivencia acumulada libre de recaída al año fue del 82,2%.

Conclusiones

La supervivencia libre de recaída observada en esta cohorte fue similar a la reportada en estudios clínicos y registros de VAA.

Palabras clave:
Vasculitis asociadas a ANCA
Recaída
Enfermedades autoinmunes
Colombia

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