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Inicio Revista Española de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología Resultados del tratamiento quirúrgico de las fracturas complejas del pilón tib...
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Vol. 47. Issue 3.
Pages 188-192 (January 2003)
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Vol. 47. Issue 3.
Pages 188-192 (January 2003)
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Resultados del tratamiento quirúrgico de las fracturas complejas del pilón tibial
Results of surgical treatment of complex fractures of the tibial plafond
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F. Ladero Morales*, T. Sánchez Lorente, F. López-Oliva Muñoz
Servicio de Traumatología. Hospital FREMAP. Madrid
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Objetivo

Comparar el resultado de diferentes tratamientos quirúrgicos en las fracturas complejas del pilón tibial.

Material y método

Se analizaron retrospectivamente 40 fracturas tratadas quirúrgicamente. De ellas 7 correspondieron a un grado I, 14 a un grado II y 19 a un grado III según Rüedi-Algöwer que siguieron diferentes tratamientos. Los resultados se analizaron según la escala FREMAP y del Instituto Nacional de la Salud (INS) para valoración de incapacidades. El seguimiento medio fue de 12,7 meses.

Resultados

El 76,1% de las fracturas grado I y II presentaron un resultado clínico excelente o bueno. En el 63,1% de las fracturas grado III el resultado fue regular o malo (p < 0,008). El 80,9% de los casos con fracturas grado I y II se consideraron curados o con secuelas baremables mientras que el 73,6% de los casos con fracturas grado III obtuvieron una incapacidad permanente total o parcial según el INS (p < 0,005).

Conclusiones

El tratamiento quirúrgico mediante distracción con reducción anatómica de la superficie articular realizada de forma diferida ofrece los mejores resultados en el tratamiento de las fracturas complejas del pilón tibial. A pesar de realizar un tratamiento correcto el pronóstico funcional y laboral es malo.

Palabras clave:
fractura
pilón tibial
tratamiento quirúrgico
Objective

To compare the results of different surgical treatments in complex tibial plafond fractures.

Materials and methods

A retrospective analysis was made of 40 fractures that were treated surgically. Seven were grade I, 14 were grade II, and 19 were grade II, according to the Rüedi-Algöwer classification. Different treatments were used. The results were analyzed using the FREMAP and INS (Instituto Nacional de la Salud, National Institute of Health of Spain) disability assessment scales. The mean follow-up was 12.7 months.

Results

Clinical results were excellent or good in 76.1% of the grade I and II fractures. The results were fair or poor in 63.1% of the grade III fractures (p < 0.008). In 80.9% of patients with grade I or II fractures, the patient was cured or had acceptable sequelae. In 73.6% of patients with grade III fractures, permanent total or partial disability according to INS criteria was found (p < 0.005).

Conclusions

Surgical treatment by distraction and deferred anatomic reduction of the articular surface produced the best therapeutic results in complex fractures of the tibial plafond. In spite of correct treatment, the functional and occupational prognosis is poor.

Key words:
fracture
tibial plafond
surgical treatment
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Copyright © 2003. Sociedad Española de Cirugia Ortopédica y Traumatología (SECOT)
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