metricas
covid
Buscar en
Revista Española de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología (English Edition)
Toda la web
Inicio Revista Española de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología (English Edition) Anterior cruciate ligament failure: Diagnostic value of the clinical examination...
Journal Information
Vol. 54. Issue 6.
Pages 363-371 (November - December 2010)
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Vol. 54. Issue 6.
Pages 363-371 (November - December 2010)
Original article
Full text access
Anterior cruciate ligament failure: Diagnostic value of the clinical examination and magnetic resonance imaging
Insuficiencia del ligamento cruzado anterior. Valor diagnóstico de la exploración clinica y RM
Visits
1546
M.A. Campuzano Marína,
Corresponding author
, F. Gómez-Castresana Bachillerb
a Department of Traumatology, “Ibermutuamur” Employers’ Mutual Accident Organization 273, Madrid, Spain
b Surgery Department, Complutense University in Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
This item has received
Article information
Abstract
Objective

The clinical diagnosis of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) failure uses subjective criteria and its sensitivity is low. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become the standard in the non-invasive evaluation of knee injuries. It is important to determine the diagnosis by clinical examination (CE) and MR versus the arthroscopy pattern in the ACL injuries, and to know and specify their objective exploratory parameters.

Materials and Methods

A total of 101 medical records were reviewed: CE-radiological suspicion of ACL failure, examination using a subjective/objective test protocol, MR, objective CE under anaesthesia and diagnostic/therapeutic arthroscopy. We selected epidemiological data, times from the ACL to surgery, previous operation on the affected knee, subjective data, objective data including arthrometry, number of centres that performed MR, the number of MR per centre, observations and arthroscopy.

Results

A statistical study was performed comparing quantitative and qualitative variables, precision, reliability and consistency between actions. A total of 94%, 100% and 83% were diagnosed using EC without anaesthesia, with anaesthesia and MR, with a sensitivity of 94.06%, 100% and 83.17%, respectively.

Discussion

The CE with/without-anaesthesia, diagnosed ACL failure more often than MR. MR diagnoses the total number of concomitant injuries and detects more external meniscus injuries. The Lachman test and arthrometry are the most significant diagnostic methods in ACL failure.

Keywords:
Anterior cruciate ligament
Clinical examination
Magnetic resonance
Arthroscopy
Arthrometry
Resumen
Objetivo

El diagnóstico clínico de la insuficiencia del LCA está sometido a criterios subjetivos y su sensibilidad es baja. La RM se ha convertido en el estándar en la evaluación no invasiva de las lesiones de rodilla. Es importante determinar el valor diagnóstico de la exploración clínica (EC) y resonancia magnética (RM) frente al patrón artroscopia en lesiones del LCA y conocer y precisar sus parámetros exploratorios objetivos.

Material y método

Se han revisado 101 H. Clínicas con las condiciones: EC-radiológica sospechosa de patología LCA, exploración protocolizada con test subjetivos/objetivos, RMN, EC objetiva bajo anestesia y artroscopia diagnóstica/terapéutica. Se seleccionaron datos epidemiológicos, tiempos desde la lesión del LCA hasta la cirugía, intervenciones previas sobre rodilla afecta, datos subjetivos, datos objetivos incluyendo artrometría, número de centros que realizaron la RM, número de RM por centro y observadores, y artroscopia. Se ha realizado estudio estadístico comparando variables cuantitativas y cualitativas, precisión, fiabilidad y consistencia entre medidas.

Resultados

Respectivamente el 94%, el 100% y el 83% fueron diagnosticados mediante EC-sin-anestesia, con-anestesia y RM, con una sensibilidad del 94,06%, 100%, y 83,17%.

Discusión

La EC, con/sin-anestesia, diagnóstica más veces la insuficiencia del LCA que la RM. La RM diagnostica un número total mayor de lesiones concomitantes y detecta más lesiones del menisco externo. El test de Lachman y la artrometría son los métodos diagnósticos más significativos en la insuficiencia del LCA.

Palabras clave:
Ligamento cruzado anterior
Exploración clínica
Resonancia magnética
Artroscopia
Artrómetria
Full text is only aviable in PDF
References
[1.]
A.F. Anderson, A.B. Lipscomb.
Preoperative instrumented testing of anterior and posterior knee laxity.
Am J Sports Med, 17 (1989), pp. 387-392
[2.]
T.H. Berquist, R.L. Ehman, J.A. Rand, S. Scott.
Musculoskeletal Trauma.
Magnetic Resonance f Musculoskeletal System,
[3.]
T.P. Burns, J.R. Steadman, W.G. Rodkey.
El esquí alpino y el deportista adulto.
Clin Med Deport, 2 (1991), pp. 347
[4.]
D.M. Daniel.
The Accuracy and Reproducibility of the KT-1000 Knee Ligament Arthrometer. Courtesy Of MEDmetric Corporation. 7542 Trade Styreet.
San Diego, (1990),
[5.]
D.M. Daniel, L. Malcolm, G. Lossee, M.L. Stone, R. Sachs, R. Burks.
Instrumented measurement of anterior laxity of the knee.
J Bone Joint Surg, 67 (1986), pp. 720-726
[6.]
D.M. Daniel, M.L. Stone, R. Sachs, L. Malcon.
Instrumented measurement of anterior laxity in patients with acute anterior cruciate ligament disruption.
Am J Sports Med, 13 (1985), pp. 401-407
[7.]
R. Danowski, J.C. Chanussot.
Manual de Traumatología del Deporte.
Masson, (1992),
[8.]
K.E. DeHaven.
Decision-making in acute anterior cruciate ligament injury.
Instr Course Lect, 36 (1987), pp. 201-203
[9.]
K.E. DeHaven.
Diagnosis of acute knee injuries with hemarthrosis.
Am J Sports Med, 8 (1980), pp. 9
[10.]
G.L. Garcés, R. Cabrera, A. Guerra, I. Rodríguez, R. Sánchez.
Insuficiencia del ligamento cruzado anterior: Correlación clínico-artroscópica.
Rev Ortop Traumatol, 39 (1995), pp. 392-395
[11.]
G.L. Garcés, E. Perdomo, R. Cabrera Bonilla, A. Guerra.
Efectos de la anestesia sobre el resultado de radiografías forzadas en la detección de la insuficiencia del ligamento cruzado anterior.
Rev Ortop Traumatol, 39 (1995), pp. 295-298
[12.]
F. García Pérez.
H Florez Garcia-M Escalas de valoración funcional en lesiones ligamentosas de rodilla. Revista de la Sociedad Española de Rehabilitación y Medicina Física.
Rehabilitación, 6 (1994), pp. 456-464
[13.]
H.J. Gelb, S.G. Glasgow, A.A. Sapega, J.S. Torg.
Magnetic Resonance Imagin of Knee Disorders: Clinical Value and cost-Effectiveness in a Sports Medicine Practice.
Am J Sports Med, 1 (1996), pp. 99-103
[14.]
F. Gómez-Castresana, M. Noriega Batos, C. García Sacristán.
Semitendinosus Kennedy Ligament Augmentation Device Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.
Clin Orthop, 283 (1992), pp. 21-33
[15.]
J. Guillen García, V. Concejero López.
Lesiones del ligamento cruzado anterior.
Cirugía de la Rodilla, pp. 169-189
[16.]
J. Guillen García, J. Jiménez Collado, V. Concejero López, J.M. Abad Morenilla.
Anatomía Quirúrgica de la Rodilla.
Rev Ortop Trauma Madrid, 28IB (1984), pp. 251-266
[17.]
R.A. Gurtler, R. Stine, J.S. Torg.
Lachman Test Evaluated.
Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 216 (1987), pp. 141-150
[18.]
S.T. Hanley, R.F. Warren.
Arthroscopic meniscectomy in the anterior cruciate ligament-deficient knee.
Arthroscopy, 3 (1987), pp. 59-65
[19.]
R.J. Hawkins, G.W. Misamore, T.R. Merritt.
Followup of the acute nonoperated isolated anterior cruciate ligament tear.
Am J Sports Med, 14 (1986), pp. 205-210
[20.]
C. Highgenboten, A. Jackson, K. Jasson, N.B. Meske.
KT-1000 arthrometer: Conscious and unconscious test results using 15, 20 and 30 pounds of force.
Am J Sports Med, 20 (1992), pp. 450
[21.]
C. Highgenboten, A. Jackson, N.B. Meske, Genucom.
KT-1000, and Stryker knee laxity measuring device comparisons. Device reeproducibility and interdevice comparison in asymptomatic subjects.
Am J Sports Med, 17 (1989), pp. 743-746
[22.]
H.H. Hsieh, P.S. Walker.
Stabilizing mechanisms of the loaded and unloaded knee joint.
J Bone Joint Surg, 58 (1976), pp. 87-93
[23.]
P.A. Indelicato, E.S. Bittar.
A perspective of lesions associated with ACL insufficiency of the knee.
Clin Orthop, 198 (1985), pp. 77
[24.]
International Knee Documentation Committee. The knee ligament standard evaluation form Proceedings of the International Knee Society Meeting. Toronto, Canadá, 1991.
[25.]
T. Jonsson, B. Althoff, L. Peterson, P. Renström.
Clinical diagnosis of ruptures of the anterior cruciate ligament. A comparative study of the Lachman test and the anterior drawer sign.
Am J Sports Med, 10 (1982), pp. 100-102
[26.]
J.B. King, S.J. Kumar.
The Stryker knee arthrometer in clinical practice.
Am J Sports Med, 17 (1989), pp. 649-650
[27.]
I.M. Levy, P.A. Torzilli, R.F. Warren.
The effect of medial meniscectomy on anterior-posterior motion of the knee.
J Bone Joint Surg, 64 (1982), pp. 883-888
[28.]
J. Lysholm, J. Guillquist.
Evaluation of the knee ligament surgery results with special emphasis on use of a scoring scale.
Am J Sports Med, 10 (1982), pp. 150-154
[29.]
J. Lysholm, Y. Tegner, J. Guillquist.
Functional importance of different clinical findings in the unstable knee.
Acta Orthop Scand, 55 (1984), pp. 472-477
[30.]
L.L. Malcolm, D.M. Daniel, M.L. Stone.
The measurement of anterior knee laxity after ACL reconstructive surgery.
Clin Orthop, 143 (1979), pp. 97-106
[31.]
J.W. Myrer, S.S. Schulthies, G.W. Felligham.
Relative and Absolute Reliability of the KT-2000 Arthrometer for Uninjured Knees, Testing at 67, 89, 134, and 178N and Manual Maximum.
Am J Sports Med, 1 (1996), pp. 104-108
[32.]
F.R. Noyes, R.W. Basset, E.S. Grood, D.L. Butler.
Arthroscopy in acute traumatic hemarthrosis of the knee. Incidence of anterior cruciate tears and other injuries.
J Bone Jt Surg, 62 (1980), pp. 687
[33.]
M. Odensten, P. Hamberg, M. Nordin, et al.
Surgical or conservative treatment of the acutely torn anterior cruciate ligament: A randomized study with short-term follow-up observations.
Clin Orthop, 198 (1985), pp. 87-93
[34.]
L. Paccini Lustosa, M.A. Percope de Andrade, S. Texeira da Fonseca, N. Franco Netto Bittencourt.
Análise do nivel frouxidao ligamentar e do desempenho funcional em individuos submetidos à reconstrucao do LCA com o uso do terco central do ligamento patelar.
RBO, (2006),
[35.]
I. Palmer.
On the injuries to the ligaments of the knee joint: A clinical study.
Acta Chir Scand, 81 (1938), pp. 1-282
[36.]
P. Renstrom.
Swedish research in sports traumatology.
Clin Orthop, 191 (1984), pp. 144-158
[37.]
N.E. Rose, S.M. Gold.
A Comparison of Accuracy Between Clinical Examination and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Diagnosis of Meniscal and Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears.
Arthroscopy, 12 (1996), pp. 398-405
[38.]
P.A. Ruwe, C.L. Shields.
Allograf ACL reconstruction.
Orthopaedics, (1995), pp. 207-211
[39.]
V. Sanchís Alfonso, E. Gastaldi Orquín, A. Subias López, V. Vila Sanchís, P. Gastaldi Rodrigo.
Epidemiología de las Lesiones del Ligamento Cruzado Anterior.
Rev Ortop Trauma, 37 (1993), pp. 9-15
[40.]
R. Sandberg, B. Balkfors.
Partial rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament: Natural course.
Clin Orthop, 220 (1987), pp. 176-178
[41.]
M. Sanfeliú, I. Nebot, J.C. Paniagua, L. Marti-Bonmati, J. Fenollosa.
Resonancia nuclear magnética: Diagnóstico incruento de las lesiones de rodilla. Comprobación quirúrgica de resultados.
Rev Ortop Trauma, 37 (1993), pp. 29-35
[42.]
D. Schweitzer, M. Leyes, P.L. Alejandre, A. Benito, J.R. Valenti, D. Aquerreta.
Valor diagnóstico de la resonancia nuclear magnética en las lesiones de rodilla.
Rev Ort y Trauma, 39 (1995), pp. 299-302
[43.]
J.R. Steadman, R.W. Higgins.
ACL injuries in the elite skier.
The Crucial ligaments, pp. 471-482
[44.]
Y. Tegner, J. Lysholm.
Rating systems in the evaluation of the knee ligaments injuries.
Clin Orthop, 198 (1985), pp. 43-49
[45.]
J.S. Torg, T.M. Barton, H. Pavlov, R. Stine.
Natural history of the posterior cruciate ligament-deficient knee.
Clin Orthop, 246 (1989), pp. 208-216
[46.]
J.S. Torg, W. Conrad, V. Kalen.
Clinical diagnosis of anterior cruciate ligament instability in the athlete.
Am J Sports Med, 4 (1976), pp. 84-93
[47.]
D.A. Turner, C.C. Prodromos, J.P. Petasnick, J.W. Clark.
Acute injury of the ligaments of the knee. Magnetic resonance evaluation.
Radiology, 154 (1985), pp. 711-722
[48.]
P.S. Walker, M.J. Erkman.
The role of the menisci in force transmission across the knee.
Clin Orthop, 109 (1975), pp. 184-192
[49.]
J. Warner, R. Warren, D. Cooper.
Management of acute anterior cruciate ligament injury.
Instr Course Lect, 50 (1991), pp. 219-232
[50.]
S.C. Zeman.
Acute knee injury. How to determine if the knee is stable.
Postgrad Med, 76 (1984), pp. 38-46
Copyright © 2010. Sociedad Española de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología (SECOT)
Download PDF
Article options
es en pt

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?

Você é um profissional de saúde habilitado a prescrever ou dispensar medicamentos