metricas
covid
Buscar en
Revista Española de Geriatría y Gerontología
Toda la web
Inicio Revista Española de Geriatría y Gerontología Diabetes mellitus y calidad de vida en población geriátrica institucionalizada
Journal Information
Vol. 42. Issue S1.
Atención especializada en residencias geriátricas
Pages 16-21 (January 2007)
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Vol. 42. Issue S1.
Atención especializada en residencias geriátricas
Pages 16-21 (January 2007)
Originales
Full text access
Diabetes mellitus y calidad de vida en población geriátrica institucionalizada
Diabetes mellitus and quality of life in nursing homes
Visits
4442
Javier Alaba Trueba
Corresponding author
txara4@matiaf.net

Correspondencia: Dr. J. Alaba Trueba. Plaza de Armerías, 4, 5.° C. 20011 San Sebastián. Guipúzcoa. España.
Fundación Matia. San Sebastián. Guipúzcoa. España
This item has received
Article information
Resumen
Objetivo

Describir el perfil clínico de la diabetes mellitus (DM) en población geriátrica institucionalizada, sus complicaciones crónicas y su percepción de la calidad de vida.

Material y métodos

Estudio descriptivo, transversal, realizado en el medio residencial mediante la valoración geriátrica integral, comparando la frecuencia de aparición de afecciones crónicas y de síndromes geriátricos en los pacientes diabéticos. En el grupo sin deterioro cognitivo se determinó la calidad de vida percibida con el cuestionario COOP-WONCA y su riesgo cardiovascular con la escala de Framingham. Se establecieron comparaciones con un nivel de significación estadística de p<0,05.

Resultados

Se evaluó a 190 pacientes con una edad media±desviación estándar de 83,1±8,2 años; un 76,8% eran mujeres. El 50,5% presentaba una dependencia grave y el 57,0% cumplía criterios de demencia. La prevalencia de DM fue del 27,4%, de predominio en mujeres mayores de 80 años; 11 casos adicionales presentaban glucemia basal alterada (110-125mg/dl). Entre los pacientes con DM existe mayor asociación con hipertensión y complicaciones vasculares, así como de incontinencia urinaria y sobrepeso. En un 65% los valores de hemoglobina glucosilada (HbA1C) fueron<7% y el tratamiento fundamental se realizó con antidiabéticos orales. El riesgo cardiovascular es alto o muy alto en la población institucionalizada con DM. Los pacientes diabéticos sin deterioro cognitivo presentan una mejor percepción de salud que los no diabéticos (p<0,05).

Conclusiones

La DM en la población geriátrica institucionalizada tiene una alta prevalencia. Es fundamental realizar una valoración geriátrica integral para evaluar los riesgos potenciales y mantener, en lo posible, la calidad de vida de estos pacientes.

Palabras clave:
Diabetes
Envejecimiento
Institucionalización
Riesgo cardiovascular
Calidad de vida
Abstract
Objectives

To describe the clinical profile of diabetes mellitus (DM) in elderly nursing home residents, as well as chronic complications and residents’ perceptions of their quality of life.

Material and methods

A cross-sectional descriptive study was performed in the residential setting through comprehensive geriatric assessment. The frequency of chronic diseases and geriatric syndromes in patients with diabetes was compared. In residents without cognitive impairment, perceived quality of life was determined through the COOP-WONCA questionnaire and cardiovascular risk was assessed with the Framingham scale. Statistical significance was set at P<.05.

Results

A total of 190 residents were evaluated. The mean age was 83.1 years (SD 8.2) and 76.8% were women. Severe dependency was found in 50.5% and criteria for dementia were met by 57.0%. The prevalence of DM was 27.4%. DM predominated in women aged more than 80 years. A further 11 patients showed altered baseline glycemia (110-125mg/dl). Among patients with DM there was a greater association with hypertension and vascular complications, as well as with urinary incontinence and overweight. HbA1C levels were <7% in 65% and the main treatment was oral antidiabetic agents. Cardiovascular risk was high or very high in nursing home residents with DM. Perceived quality of life was higher in diabetic residents without cognitive impairment than in residents without diabetes (P<.05).

Conclusions

DM is highly prevalent among elderly residents of nursing homes. Comprehensive geriatric assessment is essential to evaluate potential risks and to optimize quality of life in these patients.

Key words:
Diabetes
Elderly
Nursing home
Cardiovascular risk
Quality of life
Full text is only aviable in PDF
Bibliografía
[1.]
American Diabetes Association.
Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes (Position Statement).
Diabetes Care, 28 (2005), pp. S4-S36
[2.]
World Health Organization.
Department of Noncommunicable Disease Surveillance. Definition, Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes mellitus and its complications.
WHO, (1999),
[3.]
European Diabetes Policy Group 1999.
A desktop guide to type 2 diabetes Mellitus.
Diabet Med, 16 (1999), pp. 716-730
[4.]
The DECODE study (Diabetes Epidemiology Collaborative analysis of Diagnostic Criteria in Europe).
Consequences of the new diagnostic criteria for diabetes in older men and women.
Diabetes Care, 22 (1999), pp. 1667-1671
[5.]
G.S. Meneilly, P. Tessier.
Diabetes in elderly adults.
J Gerontol Med Sci, 56 (2001), pp. M5-M13
[6.]
F.J. Thomson, E.A. Masson, J.T. Leeming, A.J.M. Boulton.
Lack of knowledge of symptoms of hypoglicaemia by elderly diabetic patients.
Age Ageing, 20 (1991), pp. 404-406
[7.]
M. Vanhanen, K. Koivisto, J. Kuusisto.
Cognitive function in an elderly population with persistent impaired glucose tolerance.
Diabetes Care, 21 (1998), pp. 398-402
[8.]
E. Fraze, M. Chiou, I. Chen, G.M. Reaven.
Age-related changes in post-prandial plasma glucose, insulin and free fatty acid concentrations in non-diabetic individuals.
J Am Geriatr Soc, 35 (1987), pp. 224-228
[9.]
H. Chang.
Aging and insulin secretion.
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, 284 (2003), pp. E7-E12
[10.]
R.A. Jackson.
Mechanisms of age-related glucose intolerance.
Diabetes Care, 13 (1990), pp. 9-19
[11.]
R.A. De Fronzo.
Glucose intolerance and ageing.
Diabetes Care, 15 (1992), pp. 318-354
[12.]
S.G. Wannamethee, A.G. Shaper, L. Lennon.
Cardiovascular disease incidence and mortality in older men with diabetes and in men with coronary heart disease.
Heart, 90 (2004), pp. 1398-1403
[13.]
C.D. Lee, A.R. Folsom, J.S. Pankow, F.L. Brancati.
Cardiovascular Events in Diabetic and Nondiabetic Adults With or Without History of Myocardial Infarction.
Circulation, 109 (2004), pp. 855-860
[14.]
The ALLHAT Officers and Coordinators for the ALLHAT Collaborative Research Group.
Major Outcomes in High-Risk Hypertensive Patients Randomized to Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor or Calcium Channel Blocker vs Diuretic: The Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT).
J Am Med Assoc, 288 (2002), pp. 2981-2997
[15.]
S.V. Edelman.
Type II diabetes mellitus.
Adv Intern Med, 43 (1998), pp. 449-500
[16.]
E.C. Nelson, J.H. Wasson, J.W. Kirk.
Assessment of function in routine clinical practice: description of the COOP chart method and preliminary findings.
J Chron Dis, 40 (1987), pp. 55S-60S
[17.]
L. Lizán Tudela, A. Reig Ferrer.
La versión española del cuestionario de salud COOP-WONCA; estudio de validez aparente.
Aten Primaria, 24 (1999), pp. 75-82
[18.]
M.J. Fernández, M. Amo, A. Jara.
La diabetes mellitus en la tercera edad: prevalencia en una población de 576 individuos.
Med Clin (Barc), 88 (1987), pp. 490-493
[19.]
A.J. Sinclair, R. Gadsby, S. Penfold, S.M.C. Croxon, A.J. Bayer.
Prevalence of diabetes in care home residents.
Diabetes Care, 24 (2001), pp. 1066-1068
[20.]
A. Goday Arno, J. Franch Nadal, M. Mata Cases.
Criterios de control y pautas de tratamiento combinado en la diabetes tipo 2. Actualización 2004.
Med Clin (Barc), 123 (2004), pp. 187-197
Copyright © 2007. Sociedad Española de Geriatría y Gerontología
Download PDF
Article options
es en pt

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?

Você é um profissional de saúde habilitado a prescrever ou dispensar medicamentos