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Vol. 57. Issue 1.
Pages 59-63 (January - March 2024)
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Vol. 57. Issue 1.
Pages 59-63 (January - March 2024)
Brief report
Malignant “triton” tumor of the lower extremity with a history of fracture
Tumor «tritón» maligno de la extremidad inferior con antecedentes de fractura
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Diogo Nóbrega Catelasa,b,
Corresponding author
diogocatelas@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Sérgio Pitaa, André Coelhoc, Vânia Oliveiraa, Pedro Cardosoa
a Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António, Porto, Portugal
b Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences – University of Porto, Portugal
c Department of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António, Porto, Portugal
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Abstract
Introduction

Malignant triton tumor (MTT) is a rare and aggressive subtype of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor consisting of a neurogenic tumor with rhabdomyoblastic differentiation. Only 170 cases have been reported to date, two-thirds occurring in young patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 and the remaining third presenting as a sporadic tumor.

Case presentation

We present the case of a 49-year-old man with a sporadic grade 2 MTT of the lower limb which had had a previous tibial fracture. The patient underwent an above-knee amputation. Five months post-operatively metastases were present in the liver and vertebral column causing compression of the spinal cord, so decompressive radiotherapy and palliative chemotherapy were initiated.

Conclusion

Due to the precocious spread of the disease, we would suggest that adjuvant chemotherapy be considered for the eradication of micrometastases. To our knowledge, this is only the second reported case of an MTT arising in a site with a history of previous severe trauma.

Keywords:
Triton tumor
MPNST
Orthopedic surgery
Cancer
Case report
Resumen
Introducción

El tumor tritón maligno (MTT) es un subtipo raro y agresivo de tumor maligno de la vaina del nervio periférico que consiste en un tumor neurogénico con diferenciación rabdomioblástica. Hasta la fecha solo se han descrito 170 casos, dos tercios de ellos en pacientes jóvenes con neurofibromatosis tipo 1 y el tercio restante como tumor esporádico.

Presentación del caso

Presentamos el caso de un varón de 49 años con un MTT esporádico de grado 2 de la extremidad inferior que había tenido una fractura tibial previa. El paciente fue sometido a una amputación por encima de la rodilla. A los 5 meses del postoperatorio presentaba metástasis en el hígado y en la columna vertebral que causaban compresión de la médula espinal, por lo que se inició radioterapia descompresiva y quimioterapia paliativa.

Conclusión

Debido a la diseminación precoz de la enfermedad, sugerimos que se considere la quimioterapia adyuvante para la erradicación de las micrometástasis. Hasta donde sabemos, este es solo el segundo caso descrito de un MTT surgido en un lugar con antecedentes de traumatismo grave previo.

Palabras clave:
Tumor tritón
MPNST
Cirugía ortopédica
Cáncer
Caso clínico

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