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Vol. 55. Issue 1.
Pages 41-45 (January - March 2022)
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Vol. 55. Issue 1.
Pages 41-45 (January - March 2022)
Brief report
SARS-CoV-2 infection associated with monoclonal gammopathy. A case report based on the study of minimally invasive ultrasound-guided autopsy
Infección por SARS-CoV-2 asociada a gammapatía monoclonal. Informe de un caso basado en el estudio de autopsia ecoguiada mínimamente invasiva
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María del Carmen González-Garcíaa,
Corresponding author
carmen.gonzalezgarcia@yahoo.es

Corresponding author.
, Pablo Pérez Monteroa, Eva Manuela Pena Burgosa, Cristina Vega Cabrerac, Teresa Hernández Cabrerob, Begoña Rivas Becerrac, Laura Yébenesa, David Hardissona
a Department of Pathology, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
b Department of Radiology, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
c Department of Nephrology, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
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Abstract

Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is a global public health emergency with numerous clinical facets, including acute kidney injury and acute cerebrovascular disease. Further knowledge of its various pathogenic mechanisms is essential, including coagulation disorders. Monoclonal gammopathy is characterized by the overproduction of a monoclonal immunoglobulin caused by clonal proliferation. Using a postmortem study of ultrasound-guided percutaneous core biopsies, the aim of this report is to present our observations on the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection pathology associated with monoclonal gammopathy. The clinical presentation was acute renal failure. Pathological findings revealed kappa light chain cast nephropathy. SARS-CoV-2 immunohistochemistry was positive in some renal tubular cells. Another notable finding was the presence of a high density of alveolar megakaryocytes, which probably explained the final outcome (acute cerebrovascular disease). Immunohistochemical study for SARS-CoV-2 does not verify the pathogenic effect of the virus and thus its contribution to the acute kidney injury.

Keywords:
SARS-CoV-2
Mimimally invasive autopsy
Megakaryocytes
Monoclonal gammopathy
Immunothrombosis
Resumen

La enfermedad por coronavirus de 2019 (COVID-19) es una emergencia sanitaria pública global con numerosas facetas clínicas que incluyen enfermedad renal aguda y enfermedad cerebrovascular aguda. Es necesario un conocimiento adicional de su mecanismo patogénico. Los trastornos de coagulación están claramente incluidos en dichos mecanismos. La gammapatía monoclonal se caracteriza por la sobreproducción de inmunoglobulina monoclonal causada por proliferación clonal. Utilizando un estudio postmortem de biopsias percutáneas ecoguiadas, el objetivo de este informe es presentar nuestras observaciones sobre la patología del síndrome respiratorio agudo severo por infección de coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) con gammapatía monoclonal. La presentación clínica fue insuficiencia renal aguda. Los hallazgos patológicos revelaron nefropatía por cilindros de cadenas ligeras kappa. La inmunohistoquímica de SARS-CoV-2 fue positiva en ciertas células tubulares renales. La presencia de megacariocitos alveolares (alta densidad) fue un hallazgo notable, que explica probablemente el resultado final del paciente (enfermedad cerebrovascular aguda). El estudio inmunohistoquímico frente a SARS-CoV-2 no verifica el efecto patogénico del virus y, por tanto, su contribución a la nefropatía aguda.

Palabras clave:
SARS-CoV-2
Autopsia mínimamente invasiva
Megacariocito
Gammapatía monoclonal
Inmunotrombosis

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