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Vol. 55. Issue 4.
Pages 267-273 (October - December 2022)
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Vol. 55. Issue 4.
Pages 267-273 (October - December 2022)
Artículo breve
Tumor neuroectodérmico maligno del tracto gastrointestinal: Reporte de 2 casos y revisión de la literatura
Malignant gastrointestinal neuroectodermal tumor: A report of 2 cases and a review of the literature
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Mercedes Bravo-Taxa
Corresponding author
mercedes.bravo.t@upch.pe

Autora para correspondencia.
, Lourdes Huanca-Amesquita
Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Lima, Perú
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Resumen

El tumor neuroectodérmico maligno del tracto gastrointestinal (GNET) es una neoplasia maligna sumamente rara, descrita por primera vez por Zambrano et al. en 2003 como tumor similar al sarcoma de células claras del tracto gastrointestinal, pues a diferencia del sarcoma de células claras posee células gigantes osteoclásticas y positividad difusa e intensa para S-100 con ausencia inmunohistoquímica y ultraestructural de diferenciación melanocítica. La presente publicación busca aportar los 2 primeros casos de GNET reportados en nuestro país, Perú, y América Latina. Reportamos 2 casos de GNET, en paciente mujer y en varón, ambos en la sexta década de la vida, cuyos casos llegaron a nuestra institución para reevaluación diagnóstica. Uno de los casos continuó tratamiento en nuestro instituto con evolución desfavorable. El conocimiento de su existencia y criterios diagnósticos por los patólogos es necesario para evitar confundirla y maldiagnosticarla con alguna otra neoplasia gastrointestinal no epitelial.

Palabras clave:
Tumor neuroectodérmico maligno del tracto gastrointestinal
EWSR1
Tracto gastrointestinal
Tumor similar al sarcoma de células claras del TGI
S-100
Abstract

Malignant gastrointestinal neuroectodermal tumour (GNET) is an extremely rare neoplasm first described by Zambrano in 2003 as clear cell sarcoma like tumor of the gastrointestinal tract. In contrast to clear cell sarcoma, it has giant osteoclast cells and shows diffuse and intense positivity for S-100 with no immunohistochemical or ultrastructural melanocyte differentiation. We present the first cases of GNET reported in South America, occurring in Peru. Two cases of GNET, one in a female and one in a male, both between 60 and 70 years of age, were referred to our hospital for reevaluation. One underwent further treatment in our centre, but with an unfavourable evolution. Pathologists should be aware of the diagnostic criteria for GNET in order to avoid misdiagnosis due to confusion with other non-epithelial gastrointestinal neoplasms.

Keywords:
Malignant gastrointestinal neuroectodermal tumour
EWSR1
Gastrointestinal tract
Clear cell sarcoma like tumour of the gastrointestinal tract
S-100

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